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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian
Amran Muis
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia, Jl. Dr. Ratulangi No. 274 Maros, Sulawesi Selatan 90514, Indonesia Telp. (0411) 371529
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science

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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF BANDED LEAF AND SHEATH BLIGHT DISEASE (Rhizoctonia solani KUHN) IN CORN WITH FORMULATED Bacillus subtilis BR23 Muis, Amran; Quimio, Arcadio J.
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 7, No 1 (2006): April 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. causing banded leaf and sheath blightdiseases is one of the important fungi of corn world wide. Thefungus is commonly controlled by using fungicide because noresistant variety available. The objective of the study was todevelop a seed treatment formulation of the selected Bacillussubtilis to control R. solani in corn. The study was conductedin the Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture,University of the Philippines Los Bañòs, College, Laguna fromMay 2004 to August 2005, using sweet corn var. IPB Supersweetas test plant. Corn seeds were surface sterilized for 10 minutesin 1% sodium hypochlorite solution and 5% ethanol, washedthrice with sterile distilled water and air-dried. The seeds werecoated with formulated B. subtilis BR23 and used for severalexperiments, such as evaluation for their germination andgrowth in the laboratory, effectively on R. solani in the bakedand nonbaked field soil under greenhouse condition, and in themicroplots artificially infested with R. solani. The treatmentwas compared with other standard seed treatment of syntheticfungicides such as captan (10 g per kg seeds) and metalaxyl (10g per kg seeds). The experiments were designed in a completelyrandom design with three replications. Parameters observedwere seed germination, plant height, disease scores, and plantyield. Laboratory formulated B. subtilis BR23 used as seed treatmenthad no detrimental effects on seed germination andseedling vigor. In microplots artificially infested with a selectedhighly virulent R. solani, seed treatment with the same formulationincreased grain yield by 27% compared to that of thecontrol captan seed treatment with 14.4%. The studies showedthe potential of B. subtilis BR23 for commercialization as aseed treatment for the control of banded leaf and sheath blightdisease (R. solani) in corn.
BIOMASS PRODUCTION AND FORMULATION OF Bacillus subtilis FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Muis, Amran
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 7, No 2 (2006): October 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

Bacillus subtilis is a widespread bacterium found in soil, water, and air. It controls the growth of certain harmful bacteria and fungi, presumably by competing for nutrients, growth sites on plants, and by directly colonizing and attaching to fungal pathogens. When applied to seeds, it colonizes the developing root system of the plants and continues to live on the rootsystem and provides protection throughout the growing season. The study on biomass production and formulation of B. subtilis for biological control was conducted in the laboratory of Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB-CA), College,Laguna from May to July 2005. The objective of the study was to  determine the optimum pH and a good carbon source for biomass  production of B. subtilis and to develop a seed treatment formulation of B. subtilis as biological control agent. Results showed that the optimum pH for growth of B. subtilis was pH 6 (1.85 x 109 cfu/ml). In laboratory tests for biomass production using cassava flour, corn flour, rice flour, and brown sugar as carbon sources, it grew best in brown sugar plus yeast extractmedium (6.8 x 108 cfu ml-1 in sterile distilled water and 7.8 x 108 cfu ml-1 in coconut water). In test for bacterial biomass carriers, talc proved to be the best in terms of number of bacteria recovered from the seeds  (3.98 x 105 cfu seed-1).
EFEKTIVITAS BIOPESTISIDA BACILLUS SUBTILIS BNt 8 DAN PESTISIDA NABATI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT HAWAR PELEPAH DAN UPIH DAUN JAGUNG Djaenuddin, Nurasiah; Muis, Amran
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 17, No 1 (2017): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (136.944 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11753-61

Abstract

Effectiveness of the biopesticide of Bacillus subtilis BNt 8 and botanical pesticide in controlling banded leaf and sheath blight disease on maize. Banded leaf and sheath blight disease (BLSB) caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani is difficult to control because it pertained soil borne fungus that can survive in a long time in the soil. Control the disease with synthetic pesticide causing contamination to the environment, so that an environmentally friendly alternative control is needed. This study aimed to obtain a Bacillus subtilis formulation as biological agents and selected botanical pesticides that effective to control BLSB in the field. The study was conducted at the Plant Pathology Laboratory of Indonesia Cereals Research Institutein Maros and at the Bajeng Experimental Farm in Gowa, held from February to August 2015. The reatments consists of several botanical pesticides, B. subtilis formulation, a synthetic fungicide, positive and negative controls. In vitro test was inhibition test between botanical pesticide with R. solani and antagonistic test between the B. subtilis and botanical pesticides, each of them consists of 6 treatments and 3 replications, while the field activity consists of test of effectiveness of single treatment and combination between B. subtilis formulation and botanical pesticides. The results showed that combination of formulated B. subtilis with botanical pesticide of cloves leaves, betel leaves, and turmeric were not significantly different from single treatment of formulated B. subtilis and botanical pesticides. Formulated B. subtilis suppressed the severity of BLSB as much as 39.1% and yield reached 8.4 t/ha.
Potensi Pemanfaatan Teknik Molekuler Berbasis DNA dalam Penelitian Penyakit Bulai pada Jagung Kalqutny, Septian Hary; Pakki, Syahrir; Muis, Amran
AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 4 No 1 (2020): AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/agrosainstek.v4i1.107

Abstract

Penyakit bulai merupakan salah satu penyakit utama yang menyerang tanaman jagung yang dapat menurunkan produksi jagung di Indonesia. Penyakit bulai pada jagung disebabkan oleh Peronosclerospora spp. yang bersifat parasit obligat sehingga tidak dapat ditumbuhkan di media kutur sintetik. Upaya pengendalian penyakit dengan penggunaan varietas jagung yang tahan penyakit bulai dan penggunaan fungisida seringkali tidak memberikan hasil yang diharapkan, karena patogen penyebab penyakit bulai yang beragam jenisnya sehingga memberikan respon yang berbeda pula. Identifikasi dan pemahaman tentang biodiversitas patogen penyebab penyakit bulai sangat penting dalam upaya pengendalian penyakit bulai. Identifikasi spesies secara morfologis terkadang sulit dilakukan karena karakter pembeda yang terbatas dan mirip. Metode biologi molekuler saat ini mulai secara luas digunakan, karena dapat memberikan informasi keragaman dari suatu organisme secara genetik secara cepat dan akurat. Oleh karena itu metode biologi molekuler dapat digunakan untuk mendukung hasil pengamatan secara morfologis. Penggunaan marka molekuler seperti RAPD, RFLP, AFLP dan SSR serta sekuensing region DNA tertentu (rDNA, region ITS rDNA dan mtDNA) secara langsung dapat menggambarkan keanekaragaman patogen penyakit bulai. Di Indonesia terdapat tiga spesies utama penyebab bulai yaitu P. philippinensis, P. maydis dan P. sorghi. Kedepan penggunaan teknik-teknik biologi molekuler baru dapat memberikan informasi yang lebih banyak, cepat, dan akurat akan dapat membuka lebih banyak kemungkinan bagi upaya pengendalian penyakit ini.
SCREEN HOUSE TEST OF EIGHT BIOPESTICIDE FORMULATION BACILLUS SUBTILIS AGAINST DOWNY MILDEW, PERONOSCLEROSPORA PHILIPINENSIS, ON CORN PLANT Djaenuddin, Nurasiah; Muis, Amran; Nonci, Nurnina
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 18, No 1 (2018): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (151.139 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11851-56

Abstract

Screen House Test of Eight Biopesticide Formulation Bacillus subtilis against Downy Mildew, Peronosclerospora philipinensis, on Corn Plant. Corn downy mildew (DM) caused by Peronosclerospora spp. is a major constraint to the decline in maize production because it can cause yield loss up to 100%. So far, DM was successfully controlled with metalxyl fungicide. But lately, the effectiveness of this fungicide has begun to decline, so there is a need for an appropriate and environmentally friendly control alternative, one of which is the use of biological control agents. The aim of this study was to know the influence of eight types of biopesticide formulation of Bacillus subtilis in controlling DM of corn plant. The study was conducted at the screenhouse of the Indonesian Cereals Research Institute at Maros from November to December 2016. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications. The treatment consisted of seed treatment with eight types of B. subtilis formulations (TM4, TM3, BNt4, BNt5, BNt6, BNt8, BJ6, and TLB1) and one treatment with sterile water (control). The variety used was Anoman which is known to be highly susceptible to DM. The variables observed included number of germination, the incidence and incubation period of disease, plant height, and dry weight of the plant. The results showed that the eight B. subtilis formulations had the potential to suppress DM in corn. The symptom of DM began to be seen at 18 days after planting (DAP) on the treatment of BNt8, while the controls have been seen at 12 HST. B. subtilis TM formulation has the highest potential to suppress DM with the percentage of disease suppression reaching 63.1%.
The Response of Foxtail Millet Candidate Varieties from Nagekeo Regency to Leaf Blight (Bipolaris setariae) Suriani, Suriani; Muis, Amran; Kalqutny, Septian Hary
AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 5 No 1 (2021): AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (920.153 KB) | DOI: 10.33019/agrosainstek.v5i1.207

Abstract

Foxtail millet has the potential to be developed as a healthier food alternative because of its high nutritional value. Disease such as leaf blight caused by Bipolaris setariae is one of the limiting factors in Foxtail millet productivity. One of the efforts to control the pathogen is by utilizing resistant varieties. In this study, two candidate varieties and two germplasm accessions were tested to determine the level of resistance to Bipolaris setariae leaf blight. The study was arranged based on a complete randomized design with six replications. Each test material was inoculated with the spore suspension at 4 WAP. Disease intensity was observed based on the disease scoring at 7, 9, and 11 WAP. AUDPC value is calculated based on the intensity of the attack at a particular observation time. Grain weight was recorded and statistically analyzed. The two candidate varieties of foxtail millet Pagamogo and Tedamude from Nagekeo Regency showed a moderately resistant response to leaf blight and had the lowest AUDPC values of 907.69 and 912.31. The highest increase in AUDPC values was observed in the initial observation period at 0-49 DAP.
Co-Authors Arcadio J. Quimio Kalqutny, Septian Hary Nurasiah Djaenuddin, Nurasiah Nurnina Nonci Suriani Suriani Syahrir Pakki