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Effect of chitosan as a coupling agent and types of stabiliser of zirconia filler on nanocomposite hardness Tansza Permata Setiana Putri; Rosida Manurung; Kosterman Usri; Bambang Sunendar Purwasasmita
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 30, No 1 (2018): March 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Nanocomposite has been developed as a dental restoration. Nano-scale filler can result in high mechanical properties and good esthetic. Nanofiller materials such as partially stabilised zirconia (PSZ) has been recommended for dental use. This form of zirconia can be stabilised by the addition of several different oxides such as magnesia and calcia. Chitosan as a coupling agent was able to increase the nanocomposite’s mechanical properties. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the nanocomposite’s hardness value with and without the addition of chitosan as a coupling agent as well as a different stabiliser of zirconia filler. Methods: Procedures of this research consisted of several stages which were the fabrication of nanocomposite and mechanical properties measurement using the Vicker’s hardness testing. Results: The nanocomposite’s hardness value (kg/mm2) with zirconia filler stabilised by MgO without the addition of chitosan was as much as 5.09 and with the addition of chitosan was 7.51; the nanocomposite ’s hardness number with zirconia filler stabilised by CaO without the addition of chitosan was 8.16 and with the addition of chitosan was 13.13. The results were then analysed statistically using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and showed a significant difference between all of those data groups. Conclusion: The addition of chitosan as well as different stabiliser (MgO and CaO) of Zirconia filler had affected the nanocomposite ’s hardness value.

Comparison of brittleness and flowability between Cipetir Gutta-Percha and commercial Gutta-Percha Kosterman Usri; Yanwar Faza; Arya Sanjaya; Nona Viona; Nina Djustiana; Elin Karlina; Renny Febrida; Arief Cahyanto
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.38869

Introduction: Gutta-Percha (GP) is a standard endodontic filling material found in pure form in the Cipetir area, Indonesia. However, a study comparing physical properties (brittleness and flowability) between pure GP and commercially used GP has not been found. Therefore, this study aims to test the brittleness and flowability of Cipetir GP compared to commercial GP. Methods: This study was quasi-experimental. Forty samples were prepared for each material and test, according to ANSI/ADA specification-GP cones-no 78 in 2006. The first step began by making a sample of Cipetir GP using moulds from a cuvette, commercial GP (Inline #80), and gypsum stone. The second step was to test the brittleness (Crease Recovery Tester) and flowability (according to ADA No. 78 of 2000) of Cipetir GP and commercial GP. Results: The brittleness test of Cipetir GP showed unbroken samples, and the commercial GP showed four broken samples. The Fisher's Exact test showed a p-value of 0.087, which means there was no significant difference in brittleness between Cipetir GP and commercial GP. At the same time, the average value of flowability of Cipetir GP and commercial GP were 6.46 mm and 0.19 mm, respectively. The unpaired t-test showed a p-value<0.05, which means there was a significant difference in the flowability between Cipetir GP and commercial GP. Conclusions: There is a brittleness similarity between Cipetir GP and commercial GP, while the flowability value of Cipetir GP is higher than commercial GP. Those initial findings showed that the Cipetir GP might become an excellent candidate to be an alternative endodontic filling.

The comparison of color stability between thermoplastic nylon resin and heat-cured acrylic resin after tea-soaking using spectrophotometer Lisa Putri Lestari; Kosterman Usri; Renny Febrida
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 21, No 3 (2009): November 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Color stability is one of the denture base material requirement. Nowadays, nylon thermoplastic resin and heat-cured acrylic resin which is used as denture base materials can be changed in colour. One of a colour-changed factor is the tea drinking habit. The objective of this research was to compare the colour stability between nylon thermoplastic resin and heat-cured acrylic resin after soaked in tea. Materials used for the research were nylon thermoplastic resin from Valplast and heat-cured acrylic resin QC-20, with a sample size of 64x(10±0.03)x(2.5±0.03)mm. The sample would be assessed of colour stability after the denture base soaked in tea for 7 days. The colour measurement of each sample was done by spectrophotometer equipment (CIE lab system). Data gathered later on statistically processed with ANOVA testing. The result showed that the comparison ratio of colour stability between nylon thermoplastic resin and heat-cured acrylic resin after soaked in tea was 1.9886:1.1152. The conclusion was that colour stability in the nylon thermoplastic resin was lower than heat-cured acrylic resin after soaked in tea. This result was due to a polymer chain of nylon thermoplastic which was lower than heat-cured acrylic resin and its porosity which was higher, so tea easily soaked into the materials.

Comparison of nanocomposite colour particle stability after immersion in black tea and green tea Nindya Pramudiyanti; Renny Febrida; Kosterman Usri
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 27, No 1 (2015): March 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol27no1.26687

Introduction: Restorations using composite resins have to meet several requirements, one of which is stable against discoloration. Unfortunately discoloration may happen to this kind of restoration, and one of the causes is the tea habit. This research was to compare the color stability of nano particle composite after soaked in black tea and green tea. Methods: The research method was a laboratory experiment using nano particle composite as samples. It was conducted to 15 samples in cylindrical shape with diameter of 7 mm and thickness of 2 mm. Samples were divided in to 3 groups, each group consists of 5 samples. The first group soaked in black tea, the second group soaked in green tea and the last one soaked in mineral water for 7 days. Color measurements were obtained by using spectrophotometer (CIE lab system) and color differences (∆E) were estimated. For statistical evaluation, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used with 5% error level. Results: There are differences in color stability of nano composite after soaked in black tea and green tea. The value of color differences after soaked in black tea is 2,669 and green tea is 3,062. Conclusion: The stability of nano particle composite color is better at soaking with black tea compared with immersion with green tea.

Perbedaan nilai kekuatan tekan resin damar mata kucing (Shorea javanica) dengan resin damar batuThe difference in compressive strength value of mata kucing dammar resin (Shorea javanica) and batu dammar resin Farah Kholidah; Kosterman Usri; Opik Taofik Hidayat
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 6, No 2 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v6i2.31464

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Resin damar merupakan komoditas hasil hutan bukan kayu yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan daya guna yang luas. Resin alami yang populer dan melimpah di Indonesia adalah resin damar mata kucing dan resin damar batu. Resin banyak digunakan dalam material kedokteran gigi seperti resin komposit, resin akrilik, varnish, dan dental wax, tetapi resin yang digunakan adalah resin buatan karena keterbatasan sumber daya resin alami di luar negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan nilai kekuatan tekan antara resin damar mata kucing dan resin damar batu dalam rangka penggunaan resin tersebut sebagai alternatif bahan dasar material kedokteran gigi Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimental semu, uji kekuatan tekan pada 16 sampel resin damar mata kucing dan 16 sampel resin damar batu menggunakan alat Universal Testing Machine dengan kecepatan crosshead 1,0 ± 0,25 mm/menit hingga terjadi patahan pada sampel berdasarkan metode ASTM D695. Nilai kekuatan tekan dari kedua resin damar tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode uji Mann-Whitney menggunakan software SPSS statistik versi 22. Hasil: nilai kekuatan tekan resin damar mata kucing rerata 7,307±6,768 MPa, nilai kekuatan tekan resin damar batu rerata 3,139±1,067 MPa. Hasil p-value didapatkan nilai sebesar 0,032. Nilai P tersebut menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan nilai kekuatan tekan yang signifikan antara resin damar mata kucing dengan resin damar batu Simpulan: Resin damar mata kucing memiliki nilai kekuatan tekan lebih tinggi sehingga berpotensi lebih besar untuk aplikasi material kedokteran gigi yang memiliki sifat mekanis rendah seperti varnish.Kata kunci: Resin damar mata kucing (Shorea javanica); resin damar batu; uji kekuatan tekan. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Dammar resin is a non-timber forest product commodity that has high economic value and wide usability. Natural resins that are popular and abundant in Indonesia are mata kucing dammar resin and batu dammar resin. Resin widely used in dental materials such as composite resins, acrylic resins, varnishes, and dental waxes, but the resins used are artificial resins due to limited natural resin resources abroad. This study aims to analyze the difference in the compressive strength values between mata kucing dammar resin and batu dammar resin to use the resin as an alternative to dental materials. Methods: This research was quasi-experimental, compressive strength test on 16 samples of mata kucing dammar resin and 16 samples of batu dammar resin using a Universal Testing Machine with a crosshead speed of 1,0 ± 0,25 mm/minute until fracture occurs in the sample based on the ASTM D695 method. The value of the compressive strength of both dammar resins then analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test method using SPSS statistical software version 22. Results: The average compressive strength value of mata kucing dammar resin was 7,307±6,768 MPa, the average compressive strength value of batu dammar resin was 3,139±1,067 MPa. The p-value results obtained a value of 0.032. The p-value indicates a significant difference in the compressive strength value between the mata kucing dammar resin and the batu dammar resin. Conclusion: Mata kucing dammar resin has a higher compressive strength value, so it has greater potential for applying dental materials with low mechanical properties such as varnish.Keywords: Mata kucing dammar resin (Shorea javanica); batu dammar resin; compressive strength test.

Potensi Damar Indonesia Sebagai Bahan Baku Material Kedokteran Gigi Kosterman Usri; Elin Karlina; Veni Takarini
Jurnal Material Kedokteran Gigi Vol 9 No 1 (2020): JMKG Vol 9 No 1 Maret 2020
Publisher : Ikatan Peminat Ilmu Material dan Alat Kedokteran Gigi (IPAMAGI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32793/jmkg.v9i1.557

One of the natural resins in the world market which is dominated by production from Indonesia is damar. Damar is a resin produced by the Shorea javanica tree. This resin is known to have the best quality compared to other types of resin. In Indonesia, this plant grows well in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Maluku, but is mainly produced in the Krui Coastal area of Lampung in an agroforest system known as Repong Damar. From the Shorea javanica tree, two types of resin are produced, namely damar mata kucing and damar batu. Damar mata kucing is obtained by tapping while rock resin is obtained by picking up resin which drips naturally onto the ground. The resin quality standard is stipulated in the Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 2900.1:2012 for visual test and SNI 2900.2:2013 for for laboratory tests. Resin has properties in accordance with the requirements of dental materials, such as white to yellow colour, non-volatile, and insoluble in water. But it also has unsuitable properties such as brittle, sticky at room temperature, not heat resistant, flammable, and will change color when stored for a long time. It is concluded that resin modification has the potential to be used as raw material for dentistry, but it needs to be modified and its mechanical properties need to be tested.

Differences of Micro-CT evaluation of the obturation sealing capability between thermoplastic carrier-based condensing techniques and lateral heat condensation techniques Aya Amida; Dudi Aripin; Ayu Trisna Hayati; Fourier Dzar Eljabbar Latief; Nina Djustiana; Arief Cahyanto; Kosterman Usri; Sri Tjahajawati; Marry Siti Mariam; Sunardhi Widyaputra
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 2 (2022): July
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no2.41384

ABSTRACT Introduction: Root canal filling is an important part of root canal treatment that aimed to seal the root canal system, to prevent bacterial penetration and their toxins into periradicular tissues and to provide favourable environment for periapical healing. Thermoplasticized technique were developed to produce filling with homogenous mass, to achieve optimal sealing ability and to increase the quality of root canal filling. The aim of this study is to analyzed differences of Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) evaluation of the obturation sealing capability between thermoplastic carrier-based condensing techniques and lateral heat condensation techniques. Methods: This study was conducted under an in-vitro quasi experimental methode to 36 specimens of maxillaris centralis incisivus which were divided to 3 groups, (A) thermoplasticized carrier-based technique (GuttaCore System), (B) warm lateral condensation technique (heat carrier SystemB), (C) cold lateral condensation as control group. Sealing ability is evaluated based on the measurement results of volume percentages of filling material and sealer, volume of void, and surface density, that which was calculated from the 3D volumetric image of Micro-CT device. Data were statistically analysed using Analisis of Variance (ANOVA) and t-test. Result: The result showed significant difference of percentage filling material and sealer volume in apical third (p<0.05), whereas there were no significant differences of void volume in apical third, middle third, coronal third or along the canal (p>0.05). Conclusion: Thermoplastized carrier-based technique is not better than warm lateral technique.Keywords: sealing ability; root canal filling; thermoplasticized carrier-based technique; warm lateral technique.

Berbagai pertimbangan dokter gigi dalam memilih produk bahan tambal: studi observasional Andrian Jonathan Harlinton; Kosterman Usri; Veni Takarini
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v7i2.41086

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Dokter gigi sebagai pengguna dan pembeli produk bahan tambal tentunya memiliki berbagai pertimbangan dalam memilih produk bahan tambal yang akan digunakan dalam merawat pasien. Terdapat beberapa pertimbangan yang dipikirkan oleh dokter gigi saat memilih suatu produk material bahan tambal, diantaranya yaitu pertimbangan kualitas, pertimbangan harga dan pertimbangan-pertimbangan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran dari berbagai pertimbangan dokter gigi dalam memilih produk bahan tambal. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan teknik sampel insidental. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh dokter gigi yang terdaftar pada organisasi PDGI Kota Bandung, dengan sampel berjumlah 315 dokter gigi. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner daring yang berisi 10 butir pertanyaan mengenai berbagai pertimbangan dari dokter gigi dalam memilih suatu produk bahan tambal, yang menggunakan skala Likert dengan skor 1-5. Uji validitas dari penelitian ini menggunakan uji bivariate pearson, sedangkan untuk uji reliabilitas menggunakan uji test-retest. Hasil: Setelah kuesioner dibagikan ke seluruh sampel, skor Likert yang didapatkan dihitung reratanya menggunakan microsoft excel. Secara berurutan berbagai pertimbangan dan skor Likert reratanya adalah: kualitas bahan tambal (4,83), kemudahan aplikasi (4,58), biokompatibilitas (4,56), ketersediaan (4,28), harga (4,18), pilihan personal (4,03), ulasan (4,00), diskon (3,60), merek (3,58), kemasan (2,97). Simpulan: pada penelitian kali ini penulis menyimpulkan pertimbangan kualitas, biokompatibilitas dan kemudahan aplikasi dari bahan tambal, merupakan 3 pertimbangan utama yang mempengaruhi dokter gigi dalam memilih suatu produk bahan tambal gigi. Sedangkan pertimbangan kemasan produk merupakan pertimbangan yang kurang diperhatikan oleh dokter gigi saat memilih suatu produk bahan tambal.KATA KUNCI: bahan tambal gigi, pertimbangan, pemilihan produkDentists' Considerations in Choosing Dental Filling Material Products: observational StudyABSTRACTIntroduction: Dentists as users and buyers of filling material products have various considerations in choosing filling material products to treat their patients. Several considerations are made by dentists when selecting and purchasing a filling material product, including quality considerations, price considerations, and other considerations. This research intends to see the overview of various considerations used by dentists in choosing dental fillings product. Methods: The type of this research is descriptive research using incidental sampling techniques. The population of this study were all dentists registered within the organization of PDGI in the City of Bandung, with a sample of 315 dentists. This research used an online questionnaire containing 10 Likert scale questions regarding various considerations from dentists in choosing a filling material product, with a score of 1-5. The validity test of this research used bivariate pearson, while the reliability test used test-retest Results: After the questionnaires were distributed to all samples, the Likert scores obtained were averaged using Microsoft Excel. Sequentially the various considerations and their average Likert score are: quality of filling material (4.83), ease of application (4.58), biocompatibility (4.56), availability (4.28), price (4.18), personal preference (4.03), product reviews (4.00), discounts (3.60), brands (3.58), and packaging (2.97). Conclusion: in this research the authors conclude that considerations of quality, biocompatibility, and ease of application in dental filling material products are the 3 main considerations that influence dentists in choosing a dental filling product. Meanwhile, consideration of product packaging is a consideration that dentists pay little attention to when choosing a product for dental filling materials.KEY WORDS: dental filling material, choosing product, considerations

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