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All Journal Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Science Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Statistika Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Majalah Obat Tradisional INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Jurnal Profesi Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan JFIOnline Jurnal Farmasi Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Retno Murwanti

Universitas Gadjah Mada

Author-ID : 325815

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Pengaruh Amilum Singkong (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) Native dan Pregelatinized Terhadap Laju Disolusi Tablet Parasetamol I Gusti Ngurah Agung Dewantara Putra; Retno Murwanti; Abdul Rohman; Teuku Nanda Saifullah Sulaiman
Jurnal Farmasi (Journal of Pharmacy) Vol 7, No 1 (2018): Oktober
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN NASIONAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37013/jf.v7i1.44

AbstractAmilum banyak digunakan sebagai eksipien dalam formulasi farmasi, salah satunya karena dapat dicampur dengan obat apapun dan bersifat inert tanpa menimbulkan reaksi kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode preparasi amilum singkong (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) native dan pregelatinized yang digunakan sebagai pengikat terhadap laju disolusi tablet parasetamol dengan metode granulasi. Amilum native dan amilum pregelatinized yang dihasilkan dari singkong diuji karakteristik sifat fisik untuk mengetahui kemampuan sebagai pengikat tablet. Tablet parasetamol yang dihasilkan dari ke dua metode dibandingkan laju disolusi dengan menggunakan medium buffer phosphate pada suhu 37 ± 0,5 °C (pH 5,8; 50 rpm). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode preparasi amilum singkong berpengaruh terhadap laju pelarutan tablet. Amilum pregelatinized sebagai pengikat pada tablet paracetamol menunjukkan nilai Q (93,17 ± 0,01)% sedangkan amilum native menunjukkan nilai Q (81,76 ± 0,20)%. Penggunaan amilum singkong pregelatinized sebagai pengikat pada tablet parasetamol menghasilkan sifat karakteristik fisik yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan amilum native.

The synergistic effect of doxorubicin and ethanolic extracts of Caesalpinia sappan L. wood and Ficus septica Burm. f. leaves on viability, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis induction of MCF7 cells Sari Haryanti; Suwijiyo Pramono; Retno Murwanti; Edy Meiyanto
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 21, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Caesalpinia sappan L. and Ficus septica Burm. f known asa potential plant with wide variety of medicinal properties, including anticancer. Present study was aimed to explore cytotoxic effect ofsappan wood (ECS) and awar-awar leaves (EFS), and its combination with doxorubicin (dox) on MCF-7 cells focusing on cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction.The result of MTT assay showed that single treatment of ECS and dox performed cytotoxic effect with the IC50 value of 32 µg/mL and 6 µM respectively, while EFS performed low cytotoxic effect with the IC50 value of 282 µg/mL. The combination of ECS with EFS and doxorubicin showed synergistic cytotoxic effect. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that combination of ECS (16 µg/mL) with EFS (8 µg/mL) and doxorubicin (2 µM) induced apoptosis, and cell accumulation at sub-G1 and G2/M phases.Immunoblotting assay confirmed the apoptosis induction of this combination through increasing of cleavage of PARP-1. Based on these results, the synergistic cytotoxic effect of this combinationwas through G2/M phase accumulation and apoptosis inductionand potentially to be developed as co-chemotherapeutic agent.

The Role of Curcumin and Its Derivatives in Innate Immune Response of Macrophages Retno Murwanti; Anami Riastri; Andayana Puspitasari Gani
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2022): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Institute for Halal Industry and System (IHIS) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.3942

Curcumin, a diarylheptanoid, is the active compound isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma species. Curcumin can modulate mechanisms in inflammatory-related immunomodulatory. The two methoxy groups in aromatic rings in the structure of curcumin play a role in the anti-inflammatory. Macrophages are crucial cellular components of innate immunity. For this reason, this review aims to assess the role of curcumin and its derivatives in the innate immune response of macrophage cells. Curcumin as anti-inflammatory releases inflammation mediators such as cytokines, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and others. Curcumin regulates innate immune via NLRP3 inflammasomes, nuclear factor-kappa B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Janus kinase1/2‐signal transducer and activator of transcription protein1 signaling pathway. However, curcumin has limited clinical application, especially solubility and bioavailability. Therefore, a structure and formula modification of curcumin was developed. This review also discusses no evidence of curcumin's mutagenicity, genotoxicity, and toxicity. Thus, the brief information provided in this review investigates the role of curcumin in macrophage cells.

EFEK SITOTOKSIK BEBERAPA AKAR BAJAKAH KALIMANTAN TERHADAP SEL KANKER PAYUDARA T47D Risa Umari Yuli Aliviyanti; Retno Sunarminingsih Sudibyo; Retno Murwanti
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 26, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v26i2.41211

Indonesia memiliki sekitar 200 jenis bajakah; empat di antaranya yaitu bajakah tampala, kalalawit, bajakah jari lima, dan longkur telah digunakan oleh suku Dayak untuk pengobatan kanker payudara. Studi ini menguji sitotoksisitas antikanker payudara ekstrak akar dari keempat bajakah tersebut. Ekstraksi menggunakan sample grinding pestle dengan pelarut air, air panas, etanol 96%, dan n-heksan. Uji sitotoksisitas ekstrak dilakukan secara in vitro terhadap sel T47D dengan pembanding tamoksifen. Nilai IC50 dari uji sitotoksik ekstrak etanol, air panas, air, dan n-heksan berturut-turut: 1136; 1871,5; 2294,25; dan 3975,5 µg/mL (R2 = 0,962; 0,943; 0,943; dan 0,956), tamoksifen 9 µg/mL (R2 = 0,9581). Ekstrak etanol bajakah merupakan yang paling toksik dibandingkan dengan yang lainnya sehingga untuk perbaikan nilai IC50 dilakukan ekstraksi reflux menggunakan etanol 96% pada keempat akar bajakah. Hasil menunjukkan nilai IC50 bajakah kalalawit, tampala, longkur, dan jari lima yang membaik yaitu berturut-turut adalah 407; 708; 881; dan 1.096 µg/mL (R2 = 0,9717; 0,952; 0,9367; 0,9369). Keempat ekstrak bajakah mengandung zat aktif antikanker payudara (mengingat nilai R2 uji sitotoksisitas 0,93).CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF KALIMANTAN BAJAKAH ROOTS ON T47D BREAST CANCER CELLSThere are 200 kinds of bajakah in Indonesia; which bajakah tampala, kalalawit, bajakah jari lima, and longkur which have been used as herbal medicine of anti-breast cancer by Dayak ethnic. This study was to find out the cytotoxicity of four bajakah extracts toward T47D cell lines with tamoxifen as a positive control. Bajakah extracts of aqua, hot aqua, ethanol 96%, and n-hexane were carried out using a sample-grinding pestle. The IC50 resulted were 1136; 1871.5; 2294.25; and 3975.5 µg/mL (R2 = 0.962; 0.943; 0.943; and 0.956) respectively for aqua, hot aqua, ethanol 96%, and n-hexane extracts; 9 µg/mL (R2 = 0.9581) for tamoxifen. The ethanolic extract was the most toxic compared to other extracts. Therefore, to improve the IC50, reflux extraction was conducted using ethanol 96% to four bajakahs. The improved IC50 were 407; 708; 881; and 1096 µg/mL (R2 = 0.9717; 0.952; 0.9367; 0.9369) for respectively bajakah kalalawit, tampala, longkur, and jari lima. It is concluded that the extracts contained active breast-anticancer substances because all the R2 results were 0.93.

Uji Sitotoksitas dan Hambatan Ekspresi VEGF pada Sel 4T1 Minyak Atsiri Rimpang Curcuma mangga Val. Nurul Mukhlisa; Retno S. Sudibyo; Retno Murwanti
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 26, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v26i2.41386

TNBC (Triple Negative Breast Cancer) merupakan kanker payudara yang paling ganas dengan resiko kambuh dan metastasis yang tinggi. Terapi yang efektif untuk pasien TNBC adalah menggunakan kemoterapi, namun banyak pasien mengalami drug resistant yang dapat meningkatkan mortalitas. TNBC bersifat metastasis ke organ tubuh lain yang ditandai dengan terjadinya angiogenesis. VEGF merupakan salah satu faktor angiogenik sehingga studi hambatan ekspresi protein tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai target pengembangan obat anti TNBC. Rimpang Curcuma mangga Val. digunakan masyarakat Yogyakarta sebagai herbal antikanker payudara, dan minyak atsirinya bersifat sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D dan MCF-7; namun belum terbukti sitotoksik terhadap sel TNBC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat potensi antikanker TNBC minyak atsiri rimpang C. mangga Val. melalui uji sitotoksisitasnya terhadap sel 4T1 dengan kontrol positif alpelisib dan penghambatannya pada ekspresi protein VEGF. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan IC50 alpelisib terhadap sel kanker 4T1 adalah 32,975 µg/ml; sedangkan IC50 minyak atrisi C. mangga Val. adalah 91,96 µg/ml. Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan aktivitas penghambatan ekspresi protein VEGF antara minyak atsiri C. mangga Val dan alpelisib. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa minyak atsiri C. mangga Val. memiliki potensi antikanker payudara triple negative. CYTOTOXICITY AND VEGF - EXPRESSION INHIBITION TESTS OF C. mangga Val. ESSENTIAL OIL ON 4T1 CELLSTNBC (Triple Negative Breast Cancer) is the most malignant of breast cancer with high risk of recurrence and metastasis. The most effective therapy for TNBC patients is chemotherapy. However, many patients experienced with the drug resistant which increases of the mortality risk. TNBC is metastatic to other organs with indicated by angiogenesis process. VEGF is an angiogenic-factor-protein, so inhibition of its expression can be used as a target for anti-TNBC drug development. Curcuma mangga Val. rhizomes are widely used in Yogyakarta as an herbal anti-breast cancer. Research showed that the essential oil of C. mangga Val. had cytotoxic activity on T47D and MCF7 cells. However, there is no cytotoxic activity research on TNBC yet. This study is to determine the TNBC-anticancer potency of C. mangga Val. essential oil through its cytotoxic activity towards 4T1-breast cancer cells with alpelisib as the positive control, and its inhibition of VEGF-protein expression. The results showed the alpelisib’s IC50 was 32.975 µg/ml; while C. mangga Val. oil’s IC50 was 91,96 µg/ml against 4T1-breast cancer cells. There was no significantly different of VEGF-expression inhibition between C. mangga Val. oil and alpelisib. It could be concluded that C. mangga Val. essential oil at a potency of anti-triple negative breast cancer.

Correlation Between Total Flavonoid Contents and Macrophage Phagocytosis Activity of Fractions From Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.) Barks Ethanolic Extract In Vitro Rima Munawaroh; Siswadi Siswadi; Erna Prawita Setyowati; Retno Murwanti; Triana Hertiani
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 23, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

On Timor island, Nusa Tenggara Timur, faloak barks (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.) has been used empirically to restore stamina. Faloak bark ethanolic extract proved to have immunomodulatory activity in vitro, which can increase macrophage phagocytosis activity. This research aimed: (i) to determine the immunomodulatory active fraction of faloak bark ethanolic extract, (ii) to determine the total flavonoid contents of faloak extract and fractions, and (iii) to evaluate the correlation of the total flavonoid contents of those extract and fractions with their macrophage phagocytosis activity. The simplisia powder is macerated with 96% ethanol. The extract was dissolved in methanol:water (9:1v/v) was then subsequently partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water to obtain n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, water fraction, and insoluble fraction. Faloak extract and fractions at concentration 62,5; 125; 250; 500μg/mL were tested for their effect on the peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis of Balb/c mice in vitro by the latex beads method. Phagocytosis capacity and phagocytosis index were analyzed using one-way anova and post hoc Tukey HSD test with 95% confidence level. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the highest macrophage phagocytosis capacity and the highest total flavonoid content compared to other fractions. The highest macrophage phagocytosis capacity of ethyl acetate fraction at concentration of 250 μg/mL was 51,94±4,67%, this value was significantly different from cell control (7,50±1,29%), negative controls of 0,0625% dimethylsulphoxide (6,25±0,36%), as well as positive control of 200 μg/mL echinaceae extract syrup® (9,97±0,33%). The total flavonoid content of ethyl acetate fraction determined by aluminum chloride method was 4,290±0.029 mg of quercetin equivalent/g fraction. There was a positive and strong correlation between the total flavonoid content of these extract and fractions with their macrophage phagocytosis capacity (Pearson correlation coefficient of 0,781) and showing linear relationship y=4,721x+19,663; R2=0,61.

Penares sp sponge from Menjangan Island-water West Bali National Park: Isolation of Cytotoxic Compounds Erna Prawita Setyowati; Sudarsono Sudarsono; Retno Murwanti
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 22, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Sponges are multicellular animals which have cytotoxic compounds. In this study, isolation and cytotoxic activity of Penares sp sponge from Menjangan island-water West Bali National Park have been carried out. The results showed that chloroform extract and GF V Penares sp fraction were toxic according to Brine Shrimp Lethality Test method (each 85% and 63.3% mortality at 25μg/mL concentration). The isolation result of GF V fraction was obtained a compound (Spot 4) that is active as cytotoxic agent against T47D cells (IC50 of 12.7 ug/mL). Spot 4 is a terpenoid compound which has conjugated double bonds.

Antioxidant Activities of n-Hexane Soluble and Insoluble Fraction, Ethyl Acetate Soluble and Insoluble Fraction from Ethanol Extract of Sambung Nyawa Leaf (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) Purwantiningsih Purwantiningsih; Retno Murwanti; Lukman Hakim
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 24, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.43743

There were many plants containing flavonoids which can function as antioxidant. Antioxidant can be used to decrease the mortality rate caused by degenerative and infectious diseases. This study aims to determine the antioxidant potency of n-hexane soluble and insoluble fraction, ethyl acetate soluble and insoluble fraction, and the ethanol extract antioxidant activity of Sambung Nyawa leaf (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.). The ethanol extract of G. procumbens leaves was obtained by maceration using 70% ethanol then fractionated using hexane and ethyl acetate to obtain the n-hexane soluble fraction, n-hexane insoluble fraction, ethyl acetate soluble fraction, and ethyl acetate insoluble fraction. The antioxidant activity study of ethanol extract, n-hexane soluble, and insoluble fraction, ethyl acetate soluble, and insoluble fraction of G. procumbens was carried out using DPPH (2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method to evaluate its free radical scavenging activity with a comparison of vitamin C. The antioxidants activity was expressed as IC50 value. The IC50 value for vitamin C and ethanol extract of G. procumbens leaves were 2.41 µg/ml and 200 µg/ml. On the other hand, the n-hexane soluble and insoluble fraction had an IC50 value of 78 µg/ml and 34 µg/ml, while ethyl acetate soluble and insoluble fraction had the potency as an antioxidant with an IC50 value of 419 µg/ml and 151 μg/ml, respectively. Based on the results obtained, the antioxidant potency of G. procumbens ethanol extract and their fraction were successively of n-hexane insoluble fraction > n-hexane soluble fraction > ethyl acetate insoluble fraction > ethanol extract > ethyl acetate soluble fraction.

The Combination of Ethanol Extracts of Phyllanthus niruri Linn, Typhonium flagelliforme and Piper crocatum increase the Macrophage Phagocytosis In Vitro Reynelda Juliani Sagala; Retno Murwanti
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 25, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.46705

Research on the activity of Phyllanthus niruri Linn, Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume and Piper crocatum have been conducted and showed various immunomodulatory activity. This study aims to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of the combination of the ethanolic extracts of Phyllanthus niruri Linn, Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume, and Piper crocatum by determining its macrophages phagocytic index and macrophages phagocytic capacity. Therefore, such a combination could be an alternative drug to increase immune response. In this study, the extraction procedure was carried out through maceration by using an ethanolic solvent. Combinations of herbs ethanol extract were varied in four groups of combination, at three different concentrations of 1 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml, and 100 μg/ml for each group. Macrophages were isolated from the peritoneum cavity of male mice (Mus musculus), and its phagocytic activity was quantified through the Leijh method (1986). The phagocytic index and phagocytic capacity of macrophages were determined by using latex beads as a trigger of phagocytosis and compared with negative controls of media, DMSO, and four groups of ethanolic extract combinations in different concentrations. The results indicate that all of combination group ethanol extract with a concentration of 10 μg/ml was significantly (p<0.05) optimum activated phagocytic index. Therefore the combination of Phyllanthus niruri Linn, Piper crocatum, and Thyphonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume ethanolic extract might be prospective to increase nonspecific immune response.

Cytotoxic Activities of (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) Ethanolic Extract and Its Fractions on Human Colon Cancer Cell WiDr Azizah Amin; Andayana Puspitasari Gani; Retno Murwanti
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 25, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.48189

Colon cancer is the third most common cancer in the world. Treatments for colon cancer might cause major side effects, hence increase opportunities for the development of new cancer drugs. One of the plants that potential to develop as an anticancer agent is daun ungu (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff). From previous studies, G.pictum had cytotoxic activity against several cancerous cell lines. Traditionally, G.pictum leaves have been used for hemorrhoid treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the cytotoxic activity of G.pictum ethanolic extract and its fractions on human colon cancer WiDr cells and to elucidate the compounds contained in most active extracts/fractions. G.pictum was extracted using 70% ethanol and fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, respectively. The yield of the extract obtained was 18.9%. The yield of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol-water fractions were 1.07%, 2.93%, 10.26%, and 84.82%, respectively. The cytotoxic activity was carried out on WiDr cells using the MTT assay. Cytotoxic activity was determined based on IC50 values. IC50 value of extract, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol-water fraction obtained on WiDr cells were 1527,58; 143,97; 507,19; 3538,67 and 3186,60 μg/mL. The hexane fraction containing terpenoids and phenolics showed the highest cytotoxic activities against WiDr colon cancer cells.

Co-Authors Abdul Rohman Adam Hermawan Ahmad Fudholi Alexxander, . Alexxander, . Anami Riastri Andayana Puspitasari Gani Andayana Puspitasari Gani Andayana Puspitasari Gani Anselma Ivanawati Arief Nurrochmad Arief Nurrochmad Arief Nurrochmad Arief Rahman Hakim Ariska Deffy Anggarany, Ariska Deffy Azizah Amin Azmi Rahmadani Bambang Sulistiyo Ari Sudarmanto Bani Adlina Shabrina Beni Lestari, Beni Devina Martina Devita Anggraeni Devyanto Hadi Triutomo Dhania Novitasari Dhirgo Adji Dwi Brilyani Sandy Dyah Afritasari Edy Meiyanto Edy Meiyanto Edy Meiyanto Edy Meiyanto Erna Prawita Setyowati Erna Prawita Setyowati Fikriansyah Fikriansyah Fitriana Hayyu Arifah Ginna Zabrina Hayati, Farida Hendri Wasito I Gusti Ngurah Agung Dewantara Putra Ika Puspita Sari Imono Argo Donatus, Imono Argo Iren Wati Siahaan Jenie, Riris Istighfari Juang Juansa Layung Sekar Sih Wikanthi Lodyta Nawang Tika Lukman Hakim Mentari Widiastuti Naisbitt Iman Hanif, Naisbitt Iman Nindi Wulandari Nindya Budiana Putri Nurul Mukhlisa Prisnu Tirtanirmala Purwantiningsih Purwantiningsih Retno S. Sudibyo Retno Sunarminingsih Sudibyo Rima Dwi Pratiwi Rima Munawaroh Risa Umari Yuli Aliviyanti Ritmaleni, Ritmaleni Rohmad Yudi Utomo Rohman, Abdul Sagala, Reynelda Juliani Sardjiman . Sari Haryanti Shofa Annur Siswadi Siswadi Sri Susilowati Sri Susilowati Susilowati Sri Tasminatun Sudarsono Sudarsono Sugiyanto . Sugiyanto . Sulaiman, T.N Saifullah Susi Ari Kristina Suwijiyo Pramono Teuku Nanda Saifullah, Teuku Nanda Thoriq Ziyad, Thoriq Triana Candraningrum Triana Hertiani Wahyu Utaminingrum Yundari, Yundari Zahrotul Ulum Ziana Walidah, Ziana

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