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All Journal Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences Microbiology Indonesia The Journal of Experimental Life Sciences (JELS) Jurnal Mahasiswa Jurusan Teknik Sipil Jurnal Biodjati Berkala Penelitian Hayati Rona Teknik Pertanian
Irfan Mustafa
Department Of Biology, Faculty Of Mathematics And Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

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The Diversity of Endophytic Bacteria from the Traditional Medicinal Plants Leaves that Have Anti-Phytopathogens Activity Zam, Syukria Ikhsan; Agustien, Anthoni; Syamsuardi, Syamsuardi; Djamaan, Akmal; Mustafa, Irfan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.01.8

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria live in plant tissues which utilized in plant protection against phytopathogens. This study aims to investigate the diversity of endophytic bacteria from the leaves of traditional medicinal plants that has anti-phytopathogens properties. Isolation of endophytic bacteria was done by spread plate method. The bacteria were characterised by Gram staining and the 16S rRNA gene analysis. Further screening of anti-phytopathogen activity used disc diffusion method for Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas campestris, Fusarium oxysporum, and Sclerotium rolfsii. All togethers, sixteen isolates of endophytic bacteria from the leaves of eight medicinal plants species were obtained. Fourteen isolates had an anti-phytopathogen (with eight isolates against R. solanacearum, seven isolates against X. campestris, nine isolates against F. oxysporum, and five isolates against S. rolfsii). From the 14 isolates identified, phylum Firmicutes were dominant (64.3%), followed by Proteobacteria (28.6%), and Actinobacteria (7.1%). Phylum Firmicutes consists of Bacillus indicus (BJF1, TCF1, and MCF2), Bacillus pumilus (CAF4), Bacillus sp. (CAF1), Bacillus subtilis (AAF2, MCF1, CAF3, and MCF3); phylum Proteobacteria consists of Pantoea agglomerans (CAF2), Pantoea stewartii (AAF4), Pseudomonas oryzihabitans (AAF3), and Pseudomonas psychrotolerans (AAF1); and phylum Actinobacteria consists of Kocuria kristinae (CSF1).
Identification of Potential Pathogen Bacteria Causing Tuber Rot in Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Aini, Afifah Nur; Azrianingsih, Rodiyati; Mustafa, Irfan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.245 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.02.02

Abstract

Tuber rot has been reported as one of the limiting factors to porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) tuber production. Bacterial infection is one of the main causes of tuber rot during storage. In this study, a total of seven bacterial isolates obtained from porang tubers were tested for their potency to cause rotting on porang tubers. Porang tubers were immersed in bacterial suspension and incubated for 14 days. The physical properties of the tubers such as texture and color, and the chemical properties such as reducing sugar and ethanol content were determined at the end of incubation period. All infected tubers were soft, slimy and darker. Two isolates, T4 and T9A, had the highest potency to cause tuber rot indicated by the significantly higher reducing sugar content (14.38 and 15.32 mg/ml) and higher ethanol content (32.17 and 35.05%) compared to control tubers which were not infected with bacteria. Both isolates were identified as Bacillus altitudinis and Pseudomonas stutzeri, respectively, based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KUALITAS AGREGAT DAUR ULANG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BAKTERI PENGENDAP CaCO3 Aditya, Brillyan; Arifi, Eva; Mustafa, Irfan
Jurnal Mahasiswa Jurusan Teknik Sipil Vol 1, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Keberadaan limbah beton di dunia konstruksi sangat melimpah, sehingga perlu diadakan daur ulanguntuk mengurangi limbah tersebut. Agregat daur ulang adalah agregat dari hasil pemecahan limbah beton.Kualitas dari agregat daur ulang ini lebih rendah apabila dibandingkan dengan agregat alami, makadilakukan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kualitas dari agregat daur ulang.Material yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah agregat kasar daur ulang dengan ukuran 1,0 –1,4 cm yang diberi perlakuan dengan mencampurkan bakteri ureolitik pengendap CaCO3 dengan konsentrasibakteri yaitu 105, 106, dan 107 dan masa inkubasi yaitu 7, 14 dan 21 hari. Dengan diberikan perlakuanmenggunakan bakteri ureolitik diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas dari agregat daur ulang. Kemudiandigunakan alat Compression Test Machine untuk pengujian agregat dalam menahan beban tekan sebesar400 kN. Hasil akhir penelitian didapatkan nilai berat jenis sebesar 2,56 dengan berat jenis sebelum diberikanperlakuan sebesar 2,41, penambahan yang terjadi yaitu sebesar 0,15. Hasil penyerapan dari agregat daurulang mengalami penurunan, secara keseluruhan yang mengalami penurunan penyerapan dengan hasilterbesar yaitu pada sampel S17 dengan konsentrasi 105 dengan masa inkubasi 14 hari, penurunan sebesar0,55 dengan nilai penyerapannya sebesar 3,68%. Sedangkan untuk nilai Aggregate Crushing Value setelahdiberikan perlakuan pada agregat daur ulang tidak mempengaruhi kekuatan agregat dalam menahan bebantekan. Dari hasil yang didapatkan peningkatan kualitas agregat hanya terjadi pada penurunan nilaipenyerapan agregat.Kata Kunci: Agregat Daur Ulang, Bakteri Pengendap CaCO3, Penyerapan, Aggregate Crushing Value.
Isolation and Identification of Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria that Tolerant to Saponin of Sapindus Rarak Plant Evi Octaviany; Suharjono Suharjono; Irfan Mustafa
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.4392

Abstract

A commercial saponin as biosurfactant can reduce the surface tension of water and increase of hydrocarbon degradation. However, this saponin can be toxic to some hydrocarbonoclastic bac-teria. This study aimed to obtain bacterial isolates that were tolerant and incapable to degrade saponin, and to identify them based on 16S rDNA sequence. Bacteria were isolated from petroleum contaminated soil in Wonocolo Village, Bojonegoro Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The soil samples were acclimated using Bushnell-Haas (BH) broth with 0.5% crude oil at room temperature for 3 weeks. The culture was spread onto BH agar incubated at 30°C for 7 days. The first screened, isolates were grown in nutrient broth with addition of sap-onin 0%, 8%, and 12% (v/v) then incubated at 30°C for three days. The bacterial cell density was measured using a spectrophotometer. Second screened, the isolates were grown on BH broth with addition of 0.5% saponin as a sole carbon source, and their cell densities were measured. The selected isolates were identified based on 16S rDNA sequences. Among 34 bacterial isolates, nine isolates were tol-erant to 12% saponin. Three bacterial isolates IHT1.3, IHT1.5, and IHT3.24 tolerant to high concentration of saponin and did not use this substance as growth nutrition. The IHT1.3, IHT1.5, and IHT3.24 isolates were identified as Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense (99% similarity), Pseudomonas mendocina (99%), and Ochrobactrum pi-tuitosum; (97%), respectively. Those three selected isolates are good candidates as hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria to bioremediation of soil contaminated crude oil. However, the combined activity of bacteria and saponin to degrade hydrocarbon needs further study. 
Profile of microbial community of naturally fermented Sumbawa mare’s milk using next-generation sequencing Yoga Dwi Jatmiko; Irfan Mustafa; Tri Ardyati
JURNAL PENELITIAN BIOLOGI BERKALA PENELITIAN HAYATI Vol 24 No 2 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : The East Java Biological Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (386.54 KB) | DOI: 10.23869/20

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the bacterial and fungal/yeast diversity in naturally fermented Sumbawa mare’s milk through a next-generation sequencing approach, and evaluate the quality of fermented mare’s milk based on the presence of pathogenic or undesirable microorganisms. Microbial density determined using plate count agar (total aerobic bacteria), de Man Rogosa Sharpe agar (Lactobacillus), M17 agar (Lactococcus) and yeast peptone dextrose agar supplemented with streptomycin 50 ppm (yeast). Nutritional content and acidity level of each fermented milk sample were also evaluated. Genomic DNA was extracted using FastDNA Spin (MPBIO). The total gDNA was further analyzed using illumina high-throughput sequencing (paired-end reads), and the sequence results were analysed using QIIME v.1.9.1 to generate diversity profiles. The difference in nutrient content of mare’s milk was thought to affect the density and diversity of microbes that were able to grow. Fermented mare’s milk samples from Sumbawa had the highest bacterial diversity compared to samples from Bima and Dompu. However, fermented mare’s milk from Dompu had the best quality which was indicated by the absence of bacteria that have the potential to be pathogenic or food spoilage, such as members of the Enterobacteriaceae family (Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Escherichia-Shigella) and Pseudomonas. Genus of Kazachstania and Kluyveromyces, as well as family Dipodascaceae were frequently observed fungi/yeast from Sumbawa fermented mare’s milk. The presence of potential pathogenic bacteria warrants special attention in improving the hygiene of manufacturing process.
Isolation of Chitinolytic Bacteria as Biocontrol Agent for Pathogenic Fungi on Cocoa Fruit in Sumbermanjing District, Malang Cahyaning Sulistyantini; Irfan Mustafa; Yoga Dwi Jatmiko
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.01.05

Abstract

The productivity of cocoa plants in Sumbermanjing District is lower than in other parts of Malang Regency. Diseases like pathogenic fungi are to blame for the low output of cocoa plants. This research aimed to find chitinolytic bacteria that were superior at degrading chitin and limiting the growth of pathogenic fungi. These bacteria were isolated from cocoa garden soil and shrimp shell dumps. The bacteria from soil samples taken from the shrimp shell dump in Ujungpangkah District and the cocoa gardens in Sumbermanjing District were cultivated on an agar medium supplemented with colloidal chitin. The pathogenic fungi were discovered from decaying cocoa pods from Sumbermanjing District cocoa plantations. An antagonist test was used to gauge the inhibitory power, and a semi-quantitative test was used to measure the chitinolytic index. The similarity of 16S rDNA sequences allowed for the identification of superior bacterial isolates. The T2S1 isolates of chitinolytic bacteria had the highest levels of pathogenic fungi inhibition (25.14%, 20.85%, and 25.24%). With a 16S rDNA sequence similarity of 99.77%, Bacillus subtilis C10 was identified as the bacterium T2S1. Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, Pathogenetic fungi, Cocoa, Chitinase, 16s-rDNA.
Biosistem Pertanian Apel Lokal Malang Dian Siswanto; Irfan Mustafa; Gustini Ekowati; Muhamad Imam; Endri Purnomo
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 1 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2011.001.02.06

Abstract

Biosistem yang digambarkan pada hasil observasi di sini adalah suatu keadaan faktor biotik dan abiotik pada pertanian apel yang tidak terbatas pada suatu nilai yang tetap. Data  yang diperoleh dari tiga tahapan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dipergunakan sebagai informasi yang mendukung upaya konsevasi pertanian apel. Tahapan penelitian tersebut meliputi evaluasi nutrisi makro tanah dan tanaman, formulasi pengomposan kotoran sapi diperkaya (menggunakan bakteri indigenus) dan eksplorasi tanaman penutup tanah pertanian apel. Kandungan beberapa nutrisi makro untuk tanah pertanian apel Bumiaji menunjukkan nilai rata-rata yang berada pada kisaran sedang dan tinggi. Hasil analisis makro nutrisi daun apel yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan standar menurut Utah Fertilizer Guide menunjukkan bahwa makro nutrisi N, P, Ca berada pada status normal, K berada pada status kurang dan Mg berlebih. Ketersediaan nutrisi di tanah dapat dipelihara dengan penambahan kompos. Kotoran sapi yang diperkaya dengan bakteri indigen mampu mendekomposisi kotoran sapi dalam waktu 2-3 minggu. Proses dekomposisi kotoran sapi berlangsung lebih cepat pada pemberian bakteri indigenus yang mempunyai kemampuan selulolitik dan sekaligus proteolitik serta amilolitik apabila dibandingkan kontrol yang tanpa pemberian inokulum bakteri. Pada pertanian apel di Poncokusumo, kondisi lahan dengan sistem penyiangan cs (cukup sering) dan sj (sangat jarang) tampak lebih stabil daripada ss (sering sekali) berdasarkan nilai ID (indek diversitas), DR (dominansi relatif) dan INP (indek nilai penting). Hal ini diperjelas oleh nilai biomassa tanaman. Biomassa yang lebih tinggi menyebabkan suhu tanah yang lebih rendah karena jumlah TPT yang banyak mempunyai konsekuensi mengandung banyak air pada jaringannya. Kata kunci: Apel, nutrisi makro, kompos diperkaya, tanaman penutup tanah
Isolation and Identification of Rhizosphere Bacteria Associated with Taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Feybe Makitalentu; Irfan Mustafa; Suharjono Suharjono
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2022.012.02.01

Abstract

Taro is one of the food crops that has the potential to maintain food security. It has a high carbohydrate content and nutrients with a low glycemic index value. Taro is widely cultivated with intercropping techniques, especially in Kedungkandang District, Malang City. However, this technique caused a decrease in talas tubers production with only 7-10 tons ha-1. This number was lower than the total optimal production with 20.7 tons ha-1 of taro tubers. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), one of the most potential biofertilizers, can solve this problem with abilities such as phosphate-solubilizing, production of IAA, and nitrogen fixation. This research aimed to analyze the potency and identify the species of taro rhizosphere bacteria that had the best ability as PGPR agents. Taro rhizosphere bacteria were isolated using Pikovskaya medium and TSA (Tryptic Soy Agar) respectively. The PGPR abilities were evaluated on the phosphate-solubilizing, production of IAA, and nitrogen fixation. A total of 12 isolates for phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and ten isolates of IAA-producing bacteria. The highest concentration of phosphate solubilization was P1 isolate, with the concentration of 6.8 μg.mL-1; while I4 isolate had the highest potency for IAA production with the concentration of 23.11 μg.mL-1. Isolates P1 and I4 were selected for the nitrogen fixation ability test. P1 isolate shows the highest ammonia concentration of 2.52 μg.mL-1, and it was identified as Stenotrophomonas rhizophila with a similarity of 99.91% with Stenotrophomonas rhizophila R2A2 67. The potential isolates can be used as PGPR agents or biofertilizers to increase the production of taro plants.      Keywords: Colocasia esculenta, IAA, Nitrogen, PGPR, Phosphate.
Bacterial Population Dynamics of Natural Fermentation of Sumbawa Mare’s Milk Using Metagenomic Approach Yoga Dwi Jatmiko; Aditya Ragil Suharto; Irfan Mustafa; Siska Aditya
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (477 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.15.2.2

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the changing of bacterial density and the physicochemical aspects during natural fermentation of Sumbawa mare’s milk, and to evaluate the dynamics of bacterial population during the natural fermentation using metagenomic approach. Mare’s milk sample obtained from Regency of Dompu were fermented for 60 days. On the day 0, 7, 15, 30 and 60 mare milk sample were collected for further analysis, such as bacterial density enumeration, nutrition content, physical properties of the milk, and total DNA isolation. The total DNA samples obtained were analyzed using next generation sequencing. The density of lactic acid bacteria was decreased along with fermentation periods. Meanwhile, the density of aerobic bacteria on was relatively fluctuated. The physicochemical content of mare’s milk also changed during fermentation periods. Carbohydrate content and total sugar was decrease along with the decreasing of pH value. Moreover, the lipid content increase, and the protein content was fluctuated. The changing in physical properties such as whey color, acidity and gas was observed until the end of mare’s milk natural fermentation process. Using metagenomics analysis, the bacterial diversity from each sample periods categorized as low because of the dominance of Lactobacillus helveticus until the end of the fermentation. Lactobacillus helveticus as a member of LAB did not grow on isolation media on the late stage of fermentation periods (day-60). The presence of uncultivable bacteria can be detected with metagenomic approach, fulfilling the limited information on the bacterial composition of fermented Sumbawa mare’s milk products.
Potensi Pengawetan Nano Edible Coating Kombinasi Gelatin Tulang Sapi dan Pektin Kulit Apel pada Kacang Tanah Irfan Mustafa; Khairul Maghfirah Hasanah; Maulida Hikmaranti; Johannes Marulitua Nainggolan
Rona Teknik Pertanian Vol 14, No 1 (2021): Volume 14, No.1, April 2021
Publisher : Department of Agricultural Engineering, Syiah Kuala University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/rtp.v14i1.18199

Abstract

Abstrak. Kacang tanah sering ditumbuhi jamur A. flavus, sehingga perlu di awetkan melalui pengemasan edible coating. Potensi pengawetan nano edible coating yang efektif dapat diterapkan melalui teknik penyemprotan dan terbuat dari formulasi yang optimal seperti limbah organik berupa gelatin tulang sapi, pektin kulit apel, dan bahan antifungi berupa minyak essensial kunyit. Ekstraksi untuk mendapatkan gelatin tulang sapi dan pektin dari kulit apel secara maksimal menggunakan pelarut asam sitrat. Bagian tulang sapi yang tinggi gelatin yaitu tulang belikat dan memiliki kekuatan gel yang kuat sesuai standar GMIA dan kandungan protein yang tinggi dibandingkan gelatin komersial. Ekstraksi pektin kulit apel didapatkan hasil yang maksimal dengan pengeringan beku yang dilanjutkan pengayakan halus dan diekstraksi dengan asam sitrat, sehinga didapatkan produksi, metoksi, viskositas dan berat molekul pektin yang tinggi. Minyak essensial kunyit konsentrasi rendah dapat menghambat Alfatoksin dengan baik. Pembentukan nano partikel yang umum yaitu berbasis kitosan karena dapat mencapai ukuran partikel yang sesuai untuk pembuatan edible coating. Gelatin tulang sapi dan pektin kulit apel yang dikombinasikan dengan minyak essensial kunyit memiliki potensi yang baik untuk pembuatan edible coating. Kombinasi 2 bahan utama tersebut menghasilkan elongasi melebihi standar 50% sehingga lebih efektif.Preservation Potential of Nano Edible Coating Combination of Cattle Bone Gelatin and Apple Peel Pectin on PeanutsAbstract. Peanuts are often overgrown with A. flavus, so they need to be preserved through edible coating packaging. The effective preservation potential of nano edible coatings can be applied through spraying techniques that are made from optimal formulations of organic waste such as cattle bone gelatin, apple peel pectin, and antifungal ingredients such as turmeric essential oil. Extraction to obtain cattle bone gelatin and pectin from apple peel maximally using citric acid as solvent. Part of cattle bone that is high in gelatin is the scapula and has a strong gel strength according to GMIA standards and it also contains high protein compared to commercial gelatin. Extraction of apple peel pectin obtained maximum results by freeze-drying followed by fine sieving and extracted with citric acid, so that high pectin production, methoxy, viscosity, and molecular weight were obtained. Turmeric essential oil with low concentration can inhibit Aflatoxins well. The formation of common nanoparticles is based on chitosan because it can reach a suitable particle size for making edible coatings. Cattle bone gelatin and apple peel pectin combined with turmeric essential oil has good potential for the composition of edible coatings. The combination of these 2 main ingredients produces elongation exceeding the standard 50%, so it is more effective. 
Co-Authors Aditya Ragil Suharto Aditya, Brillyan Aini, Afifah Nur Akmal Djamaan Anthoni Agustien Cahyaning Sulistyantini Dian Siswanto Endri Purnomo Eva Arifi Evi Octaviany Feybe Makitalentu Gustini Ekowati Johannes Marulitua Nainggolan Khairul Maghfirah Hasanah Maulida Hikmaranti Muhamad Imam Rodiyati Azrianingsih Siska Aditya Suharjono Suharjono Suharjono Suharjono Syamsuardi Syamsuardi Syukria Ikhsan Zam Tri Ardyati Yoga Dwi Jatmiko Yoga Dwi Jatmiko