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Bedah mayat (autopsi) ditinjau dari perspekif hukum positif Indonesia dan hukum Islam muhammad hatta; Zulfan Zulfan; Srimulyani Srimulyani
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v19i1.27-52

Abstract

Dalam hukum positif Indonesia, autopsi forensik diatur dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana dan Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan. Ketiga undang-undang tersebut membenarkan melakukan tindakan autopsi dengan tujuan untuk menegakkan keamanan, dan keadilan bagi masyarakat. Hasil pemeriksaan autopsi forensik akan tertuang dalam sebuah laporan tertulis dalam bentuk visum e repertum dapat digunkan sebaga alat bukti di pengadilan. Dalam hukum islam, autopsi forensik dilarang karena dapat merusak mayat dan melanggar kehormatan mayat. Namun, ada beberapa ulama membenarkan autopsi forensik dengan alasan untuk mewujudkan kemaslahatan ummat (mashalih mursalah) baik di bidang keamanan, keadilan, dan kesehatan. Berdasarkan Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2009 tentang Autopsi Jenazah menyebutkan bahwa pada dasarnya autopsi dilarang atau haram, namun dalam keadaan Darurat atau mendesak maka diperbolehkan. In Indonesia positive law, a autopsy is regulated in the Criminal Code, Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code and Law Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health. The three laws justify carrying out autopsy actions with the aim of enforcing security, and justice for the community. The results of a forensic autopsy examination will be contained in a written report in the form of a post mortem report that can be used as evidence in court. In Islamic law, forensic autopsies are prohibited because they could damage a corpse and violate the honor of a corpse. However, there are some scholars who justify the forensic autopsy on the grounds of realizing the benefit of the ummah (mashalih mursalah) in the fields of security, justice and health. Based on the Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council Number 6 of 2009 concerning the Body Autopsy states that basically autopsies are prohibited or haram, but in an emergency or urgent condition it is permissible.
Saksi Mahkota dalam pembuktian pidana kasus Narkotika Muhammad Syahputra; Muhammad Hatta; Zulfan Z
JURNAL ILMIAH MAHASISWA FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH Vol 4, No 2 (2021): April
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jimfh.v4i2.4075

Abstract

A crown witness is a witness who comes or is taken from one of the suspects or other defendants who jointly committed a criminal act, and in which case the witness is given a crown. The crown given to a witness with the status of a defendant is in the form of negating the prosecution of his case or the imposition of a very light charge if the case is submitted to court or is forgiven for wrongdoing. The formulation of the problem in this research is the strength of the testimony of the crown witness in proving narcotics trafficking and the existence of human rights if he is placed as the crown witness in proving the narcotics trafficking. This type of research is an empirical juridical research, namely an integrative and conceptual method of analysis to identify, process and analyze documents to understand the meaning, significance, and relevance that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from the people or observed behavior. . The results showed that the testimony of the crown witness was considered strong and as strong as the testimony of other witnesses because he was also under oath. The strength of the testimony of the crown witness in proving the narcotics trade in his position as the crown witness has not been regulated separately in the existing law. Crown witness itself is a term that can be interpreted as a defendant who has the status of being a witness in the case of another defendant who has both committed a criminal act, namely in the event that the case files are separated (splitsing) on the separation of the case files during examination based on Article 141 of the Criminal Procedure Code. Human rights are very much considered in the judicial process when the crown witnesses give information such as the absence of intervention that makes the crown witnesses depressed. The existence of human rights when placed as a crown witness in proving narcotics trafficking, where the crown witness is presented before the court because of the splitsing mechanism regulated in Article 142 of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). By splitting the case files into several stand-alone cases, between one defendant and another defendant, each of them can be used as a mutual witness. Meanwhile, if they are combined in one file and in a trial examination, they cannot be used as mutual witnesses between one another. It is recommended to the Government, especially the legislators, that if indeed this crown witness is an important tool to reveal a legal act, then it should make legislation that specifically regulates the existence of Crown Witness.
Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Penyertaan Dalam Tindak Pidana Pemerkosaan Anak Nada Myslara; zulfan z; Husni H
JURNAL ILMIAH MAHASISWA FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH Vol 4, No 3 (2021): Oktober
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jimfh.v4i3.6374

Abstract

Pada hakikatnya Negara Indonesia yang disebut dengan negara hukum memiliki berbagai aturan yang harus ditaati tanpa terkecuali. Salah satu masalah di Indonesia maraknya kasus perkosaan yang terdengar ditengah-tengah masyarakat. Apalagi korban perkosaan adalah anak dibawah umur dan pelakunya lebih dari seorang atau disebut penyertaan yang artinya meliputi semua bentuk turut serta atau terlibatnya seorang atau beberapa orang, baik secara psikis maupun secara fisik dengan melakukan masing-masing perbuatan sehingga melahirkan suatu tindak pidana. Penyertaan tindak pidana termuat dalam Pasal 55 KUHP, para pembuat (mededader), yang melakukan (pleger), yang menyuruh lakukan (doenpleger), yang turut serta melakukan (medepleger), dan yang sengaja menganjurkan (uitlokken). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bentuk penyertaan dalam tindak pidana perkosaan yang memenuhi unsur Pasal 55 KUHP. Penelitian ini juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan terhadap penyertaan dalam tindak pidana perkosaan anak dipidana atau dibebaskan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian normatif, yang berkaitan dengan asas-asas hukum kaidah-kaidah hukum termasuk kategori penelitian normatif, dan berada dalam tataran filsafat hukum. Penelitian ini hanya menggunakan pengumpulan data sekunder, pengumpulan data sekunder dilakukan melalui studi dokumentasi atau studi kepustakaan (library research). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa bentuk penyertaan dalam Putusan No.24/Pid.Sus/A/2012/PN.Pso dan No.280/Pid.Sus/2016/PN.Gns adanya yang melakukan dan yang turut serta melakukan sehingga unsur Pasal 55 KUHP terpenuhi pada kedua putusan tersebut. Putusan No.24/Pid.Sus/A/2012/PN.Pso Majelis Hakim menjatuhkan putusan bebas kepada para terdakwa tanpa mempertimbangkan alat bukti serta membebaskan para terdakwa dari dakwaan penuntut umum, hakim membebaskan mereka dan dinyatakan tidak bersalah. Pada Putusan Nomor 280/Pid.Sus/2016/PN.Gns dengan menggunakan alat bukti dan barang bukti untuk memenuhi dakwaan penuntut umum, para terdakwa dinyatakan bersalah dan hakim menjatuhkan hukuman pidana penjara masing-masing 10 tahun serta membayar denda Rp.100.000.000. Sebaiknya dalam dalam pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan dalam perkara ini, masih perlu lebih diperketat dengan tetap mengedepankan rasa keadilan, sehingga mampu memuaskan semua pihak dan sekaligus dapat memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku atau terdakwa. Bahkan bisa menjadi pelajaran bagi masyarakat untuk tidak melakukan tindak pidana karena setiap perbuatan yang melawan hukum harus dipertanggungjawabkan.
Pemberdayaan Tokoh Adat dan Tokoh Masyarakat dalam Mencegah Konflik Antar Agama di Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara Zulfan; Muhammad Hatta
COMSERVA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 1 No. 11 (2022): COMSERVA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (518.884 KB) | DOI: 10.59141/comserva.v1i11.146

Abstract

The 1945 Constitution guarantees and protects religious freedom in Indonesia. There are several laws and regulations as implementing regulations in realizing the ideals of the constitution, such as Law no. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights, Law no. 1/PNPS/1965 concerning Prevention of Religious Abuse and/or Blasphemy, and Aceh Qanun No. 4 of 2016 concerning Guidelines for the Maintenance of Religious Harmony and the Establishment of Places of Worship. However, inter-religious conflicts still occur, especially in areas where there are multi-ethnic and religious groups such as Southeast Aceh Regency. Usually, the problem is triggered by a non-tolerant attitude in carrying out social life and carrying out religious rituals and beliefs between religious adherents. In Southeast Aceh district, there are four problems that often trigger disputes or conflicts between religious adherents, namely livestock farming and the sale of pigs in the community, turning on music when the call to prayer is heard, illegal construction of houses of worship, sales of liquor such as "tuak" and construction of houses. gambling freely in the community. This community service program will empower traditional leaders and community leaders through counseling on the importance of preventing conflicts between religious adherents. Traditional leaders and community leaders were chosen because they are closer to all levels of society from various religious backgrounds in Southeast Aceh Regency. The education provided in this activity can be information and increase knowledge for traditional leaders and community leaders in preventing inter-religious conflicts in Kutacane, Southeast Aceh.
TINDAK PIDANA PERKOSAAN YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH ANAK DALAM KAJIAN PSIKOLOGI KRIMINAL (Studi Putusan Nomor : 05/Pid.Sus-Anak/2016/PN-Lsm) Sudana Bambang Suganda; Zulfan Z; Zul Akli
JURNAL ILMIAH MAHASISWA FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH Vol 5, No 2 (2022): April
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jimfh.v5i2.6844

Abstract

Rape is a crime that gets enough attention among the public. In particular, those who commit these crimes are minors, who should play like other children. However, they did an act based on excessive curiosity, so that curiosity resulted in the child being entangled in a rape crime case which was committed because of the curiosity factor. So that researchers are interested in conducting further research with the title "Rape Crimes Perpetrated by Children in the Study of Criminal Psychology (Study of Decision Number: 05/Pid.Sus-Anak/2016/Pn-Lsm)". The purpose of this study is to find out and explain the crime of rape committed by children in the study of criminal psychology, to find out and explain the factors that can make children commit rape committed by children in the study of criminal psychology and to find out and explain the efforts that can be made to prevent there is no crime of rape committed by children in the study of criminal psychology. The research method used in this study is an empirical juridical case approach related to the crime of narcotics abuse. The nature of the research is descriptive, data analysis is rape. The research location is in the Lhokseumawe District Court, the sample consists of informants and respondents. Sources of data in this study are primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Based on the results of the research that the author did, it is known that: 1) a review of criminal psychology about children as perpetrators of criminal acts of rape, namely psychologically, the ethics and morals of children are now very degenerate and will be dangerous for the next generation, because the influence of psychology plays a major role in children to commit crimes. rape crime. 2) the causes that can make children commit the crime of rape in this criminal psychology study are due to several factors, namely parenting factors, environmental factors and weak faith factors. 3) Efforts that can be made to prevent the occurrence of rape crimes committed by children in this criminal psychology study are, firstly, parents should pay more attention to and guide the child, secondly by supervising their interactions outside the home and thirdly by providing more views on religious knowledge to children. Suggestions from this research are: 1) to the government or the authorities in order to disseminate the dangers of the risk of the crime of rape, so that children also have more understanding so as not to commit a crime, especially the crime of rape. 2) Parents should pay more attention and provide guidance to their children so as not to commit acts that violate the law. 3) The last is that the community must pay more attention to the social environment of children around the community. As well as conducting recitation activities in the community for children so that children avoid negative actions.
Pemberantasan Penjualan Handphone Black Market (Studi Penelitian di Pematang Siantar) Christian maichel; Zulfan Z; Muhammad Hatta
JURNAL ILMIAH MAHASISWA FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH Vol 5, No 3 (2022): Oktober
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jimfh.v5i3.6738

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify and discuss law enforcement against the sale of blackmarket mobile phones in Pematang Siantar and the role of the police and the Department of Industry and Trade in eradicating the sale of blackmarket mobile phones in Pematang Siantar. This study uses the empirical juridical method, which is a phenomenon that occurs using a theoretical basis in order to explain conformity with the facts on the ground. The data in this study were obtained from the results of interviews with informants and several expert sources in this study. Furthermore, the data is validated according to what is obtained in the field from the results of interviews.
Religious Diversity and its Legal Problems Husni Husni; Zulfan Zulfan; Teuku Yudi Afrizal; Nurarafah Nurarafah; Sumiadi Sumiadi
Journal Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management Vol. 1 No. 9 (2022): Journal Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management
Publisher : CV. Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1556.678 KB) | DOI: 10.59141/jrssem.v1i9.149

Abstract

 The basis for freedom of religion in Indonesia is regulated in Article 28E, Article 28I, Article 29 of the 1945 Constitution and Article 4, Article 22 of Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights. However, this freedom is not absolute and must be limited to maintain religious harmony in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the actions that often trigger religious disputes with blasphemy or blasphemy of religion either directly or through various online media. This type of research is doctrinal or normative. In this study, all norms, legal principles, legal documents, court decisions, laws and regulations related to religious freedom in Indonesia will be studied. Based on the results of research to maintain religious harmony, the government issued Law Number 1 of 1946 concerning the Criminal Code, Law Number 1/PNPS/1965 concerning the Prevention of Abuse and/or Blasphemy of Religion, Law Number 40 of 2008 concerning the Elimination of Race and Religious Blasphemy. Religion. Ethnic Discrimination, Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Transaction Information. In addition to legal action against perpetrators of blasphemy, the government and the community must work together to maintain religious tolerance and prevent fanaticism towards their respective religious identities so that it has the potential to cause horizontal conflicts between religious adherents in Indonesia.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA TERHADAP ANAK YANG TURUT SERTA MELAKUKAN PEMBUNUHAN Rauzatul Fitri; Zulfan Z; Husni H
JURNAL ILMIAH MAHASISWA FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH Vol 5, No 3 (2022): Oktober
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jimfh.v5i3.5303

Abstract

Children need affection which is a psychic need as the most basic need in human life, especially for a child. It is different for minors who must be held accountable for their mistakes for 5 (five) years on the Decision of the Judges of the Takengon District Court. The purpose of this study is to determine the criminal liability of children who participate in murder and to know the legal protection of children who participate in murder according to Article 340 of the Criminal Code. The method used in completing this research is normative juridical. This study uses a conceptual, statutory, and comparative approach. The nature of this research is descriptive, which aims to describe a problem that occurs by interpreting legal materials for problem solving. The results of this study found that in principle children are still subject to criminal responsibility. In the consideration of the Judges of the Takengon District Court, it stated that there was no justification and excuse for abolishing the crime against children, so that children were considered capable of being responsible and found guilty. However, as a child, their rights will still be protected as stipulated in Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection (UUPA) where the State, Government, Regional Government, Community, Family, and Parents or Guardians are obliged and responsible for the implementation of Child Protection. Protection of children against perpetrators of crime is very important to do in order to anticipate prevention in the future there will be no more children committing the same crime. Keywords: Children, Criminal Liability, Child Protection, Inclusion
Manfaat Ilmu Forensik dalam Hukum Pidana Cut Khairunnisa; Zulfan
Cendekia : Jurnal Hukum, Sosial dan Humaniora Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Cendekia : Jurnal Hukum, Sosial dan Humaniora
Publisher : Lembaga Pusat Studi Sosial dan Humaniora [LPS2H]

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (257.348 KB)

Abstract

Ilmu kedokteran Forensik merupakan salah satu disiplin ilmu yang menerapkan ilmu kedokteran klinis terhadap manusia khususnya korban kejahatan. Ilmu forensik selalu dikaitkan dengan penegakkan hukum khususnya aspek hukum hukum pidana. Hasil pembahasan ditemukan bahwa manfaat ilmu forensik terhadap penegakan hukum pidana adalah untuk menemukan kebenaran dan keadilan baik terhadap kasus terbaru maupun kasus-kasus yang sudah lama. Dalam ilmu kedokteran Forensik identifikasi merupakan hal yang penting sehingga dengan disiplin ilmu tersebut kasus yang sudah lamapun bisa terungkap. Dalam penyidikan suatu kasus kejahatan, observasi terhadap bukti fisik dan interpretasi dari hasil analisis barang bukti merupakan alat utama dalam penyidikan sehingga mendapatkan informasi dan fakta yang sesungguhnya. Dalam penyidikan, ada beberapa kendala yang dihadapi oleh penyidik misalnya kasus mutilasi, kesulitannya adalah mengidentifikasi korban, penyebab kematian dan lain-lain. Untuk menemukan kebenaran tersebut penyidik membutuhkan ahli forensik.