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Hubungan Antara Obesitas dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Tekanan Darah Pasien Hipertensi Julianti, Azizah; Pangastuti, Retno; Ulvie, Yuliana Noor Setiawati
Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2015): July 2015
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara obesitas dan aktivitas ï sik dengan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Kotagede I Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien hipertensi rawat jalan Puskesmas Kotagede I Kota Yogyakarta. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 64 orang. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan pengukuran tekanan darah. Analisis data menggunakan analisis korelasi Kendallâs Tau. Hasil penelitian : status gizi pasien hipertensi dalam kategori obesitas sebesar 64,1%. Aktivitas ï sik pada pasien hipertensi dalam kategori sedang sebesar 67,3%. Hasil analisisKendallâs Taudiperoleh nilai p valuesebesar 0,235 (p>0,05) tidak terdapat hubungan obesitas dengan tekanan darah. Hasil analisis Kendallâs Taudiperoleh nilai p value sebesar 0,651 (p>0,05) tidak terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas ï sik dengan tekanan darah. Simpulan : tidak terdapat hubungan yang signiï kan obesitas dan aktivitas ï sik dengan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Kotagede I Kota Yogyakarta.

Status Gizi sebagai Prediktor Kualitas Hidup Pasien Kanker Kepala dan Leher Kurniasari, Fuadiyah Nila; Surono, Agus; Pangastuti, Retno
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

AbstrakPrevalensi kanker kepala leher (KKL) di Indonesia cukup tinggi dengan prevalensi 4,7 per 100.000 penduduk. Pasien kanker berisiko tinggi terhadap gizi kurang, dimana status gizi berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup dan perasaan nyaman pada pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berbagai indikator status gizi yang dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi kualitas hidup pasien KKL. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang yang dilakukan di RS Saiful Anwar Malang selama bulan Nopember 2010 â€“ Januari 2011. Subjek yang diteliti adalah pasien KKL yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 45 subjek. Status gizi ditentukan melalui 3 metode, yaitu indeks massa tubuh (IMT), Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), dan asupan makanan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan pemeriksaan. Analisis bivariat menggunakan Chi Square dan multivariat menggunakan regresi linier ganda. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara SGA kategori A (Î²1=30,631; p=0,001), asupan protein (Î²2=0,344; p=0,009), IMT (Î²3=-1,533; p=0,028), dan SGA kategori B (Î²4=13,353; p=0,039) dengan kualitas hidup pasien KKL dengan konstanta multivariat sebesar 47,086. Asupan energi terwakili oleh asupan protein, dimana hubungan keduanya adalah sinergis. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara asupan vitamin A dengan kualitas hidup (Î²5=0,000; p=0,907). Sehingga status gizi dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor untuk menentukan skor kualitas hidup pasien KKL yaitu dengan formula: kualitas hidup pasien KKL = 47,1 + 30,6 (jika SGA A) + 0,3 (asupan protein (g)) â€“ 1,5 (IMT (kg/m2)) + 13,3 (jika SGA B).Â Status gizi yang dinilai dengan IMT, asupan protein, dan SGA dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi besarnya skor kualitas hidup pasien KKL, dimana SGA merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh dalam menentukan kualitas hidup pasien KKL.Kata Kunci: indeks massa tubuh, asupan energi, protein, vitamin A, subjective global assessment (SGA), kualitas hidup, kanker kepala dan leherÂ AbstrakIn Indonesia cancer is the seventh cause of mortality. The prevalence of the Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) in Indonesia is high (4,7/100.000). Cancer patients have high risk for weight loss and malnutrition, where nutritional status affects quality of life and comfortable feeling in cancer patients. Determining the nutritional status indicators can be used to predict the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer. The study was observational with cross sectional design in Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang in November 2010 â€“ January 2011. Subjects were HNC patients that met inclusion criteria (n=45). Nutritional status was determined with 3 methods, which are body mass index (BMI), subjective global assessment (SGA), and dietary intake assessment. Interview, weight and height measurement and physical examination were held to collect data. Chi square and linier regression analysis were used to get data analysis. There was a significant correlation between SGA of category A (Î²1=30,631; p=0.001), intake of protein (Î²2=0,344; p=0.009), body mass index (Î²3=-1,533; p=0.028), and SGA of category B (Î²4=13,353; p=0.039) with quality of life of head and neck in cancer patients. Intake of energy was represented from intake of protein whereby both were mutually supportive. There was no correlation between intake of vitamin A and quality of life (Î²5=0,000; p=0.907).The nutritional status can be used as a predictor for determining the quality of life scores of head and neck cancer patients, with the formula is: quality of life of HNC patients =47.1+30.6(if SGAA) +0.3(protein intake (g)) -1.5(BMI (kg/m2)) +13.3(if SGAB). Nutritional status was assessed by BMI, intake of protein, and SGA can be used to predict the quality of life scores in head and neck of cancer patients, where SGA is the most influential factor in determining the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer. Keywords: body mass index, intake of energy, protein, vitamin A, subjective global assessment, quality of life, head and neck cancer

Asupan vitamin, mineral, rasio asupan kalsium dan fosfor dan hubungannya dengan kepadatan mineral tulang kalkaneus wanita Ramayulis, Rita; Pramantara, I Dewa; Pangastuti, Retno
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 7, No 3 (2011): Maret
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Background: The prevalence of osteoporosis as defined by bone mineral density (BMD) > - 2.5 below the average of young women in Indonesia is not yet known; however the risk for the prevalence of osteoporosis is relatively high. Nutrients especially micronutrients have an important role in maintaining bone status. Yet, until today millions of people have micronutrient deficiency in vitamin and mineral such as calcium, zinc and beta-carotene.Objective: To identify the relationship between intake of vitamin A, C and mineral calcium, phosphor, zinc and ratio of intake of calcium and phosphor and BMD.Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design. Subject of the study were young women of 35 â€“ 40 years old at Health Fitness Centre of the Ministry of Health in 2007.Â There were as many as 102 subjects purposively taken. The dependent variable of the study was BMD and the independent variables were intake of vitamin A, C, and mineral calcium, phosphor, zinc and ratio of calcium and phosphor intake. The confounding variables were nutritional status, exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption, caffeine consumption, genetic, disease and medication factors. Intake data were obtained through blood record and food frequency methods. Data analysis used chi square, Fisherâ€™s exact test and independent t-test.Results: The proportion of BMD of young women was 6,9% osteoporosis, 32,4% osteopenia and 60,8% normal. Young women with good intake of vitamin A and C, calcium, phosphor, zinc had average score of BMD as much as 0,35 point; 0,36 point and 0,97 point; 1,02 point; 1,26 point subsequently higher than those with less intake. Young women with ratio of good calcium and phosphor intake had BMD score as much as 1,13 point lower than those with ratio of poor calcium and phosphor intake. However, the relationship between intake of vitamin A, C, calcium, phosphor, zinc and ratio of calcium and phosphor intake and BMD was statistically insignificant (p>0.05).Conclusion: The relationship between intake of vitamin A, C, calcium, phosphor, zinc and ratio of calcium and phosphor intake and BMD was statistically insignifcant. Young women with good intake of vitamin A, C and calcium, phosphor, zinc tended to have higher score of BMD than those with poor intake.

Pengendalian status gizi, kadar glukosa darah, dan tekanan darah melalui terapi gizi medis pada pasien diabetes mellitus (DM) tipe 2 rawat jalan di RSU Mataram NTB Suhaema, Suhaema; Asdie, Ahmad Husain; Pangastuti, Retno
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2010): November
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing globally, including in Indonesia. Studies by Diabetes Control and Complication Trial (DCCT) and U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group (UKPDS) prove the benefit of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) to glycemic control. Similar studies have not been done much in Indonesia.Objective: To identify the effects of MNT to nutrient intake, control of nutrition status, blood glucose and blood pressure of type 2 DM outpatients.Method: This was a randomized controlled trial. Subject of the study consisted of 60 people. The experiment group got MNT; whereas the control group got conventional nutrition counseling. Data were processed using computer, nutrients were analyzed using nutrisurvey. Statistical t-test was done to identify the effect of intervention.Result: Intake of energy, fat and carbohydrate of the experiment group decreased signifcantly close to the necessity at subsequent decrease as much as -14.05 (p= 0. 009), -35.64 (p=0.019) and -19.14 (p=0.035). Body mass index In the experiment group decreased -0.41kg/mÂ and waist circumference -0.24cm, where as the control group -0.23 kg/mÂ and -014cm. Blood glucose level during fasting decreased -23.6 mg/dl in the experiment group and -14.03 mg/dl in the control group (p=0.036). Systolic and dyastolic blood pressure of the experiment group decreased -3.33 mmHg (p=0.035) and 2 2 -1.67 mmgHg (p=0.895), whereas the control group + 0.5 mmHgÂ and -1.33 mmHg; the change was insignificant.Conclusion: Intake of nutrient, nutrition status, blood glucose level and blood pressure of type 2 DM patients that got MNT was more controllable than of those that got conventional nutrition counseling.

Pola makan dan konsumsi alkohol sebagai faktor risiko hipertensi pada lansia Malonda, Nancy Swanida Henriette; Dinarti, Lucia Kris; Pangastuti, Retno
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 8, No 4 (2012): April
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Background: Hypertension is one of the major chronic diseases in the elderly and the prevalence is constantly increasing. The results of Health Research Survey (Riskesdas) in 2007 showed that the prevalence of hypertension in the city of Tomohon was 41.6%. The prevalence of fatty foods consumption in Tomohon was relatively high, amounted to 17.2%. The proportion of alcohol consumer in North Sulawesi province was higher (17.4%) than the National proportion (4.6%), and Tomohon has signifi cantly higher alcohol consumers (36%). The consumption pattern of fatty foods and alcoholic beverages were factors that might increase the risk of hypertension.Objectives: To identify the infl uence of eating pattern and alcohol consumption as risk factors of hypertension in the elderly at Tomohon Municipality.Methods: This is an analytic observational study with case control design. Subjects were elderly people aged 60 â€“ 65 years at Tomohon Municipality consisted of 76 cases (hypertensive) and 76 control (non-hypertensive). Data was collected through structured interviews, food frequency questionaire (FFQ ) was used to assess dietary pattern, mental health questionnaire (Self Reporting Questionnaire) was used to determine the condition of stress, waist-hip ratio measurement for obesity status, and blood pressure measurements. Data were analysed by bivariate and multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: The result of bivariate analysis showed that fat intake (OR=3.046; 95% CI:1.338 â€“6.933; p=0.008), alcohol consumption (OR=2.8; 95% CI:1.418 â€“ 5.299; p=0.003), and obesity (OR=2.4; 95% CI:1.072 â€“ 5.404; p=0.033) signifi cant increase the risk of hypertension. The intake of natrium, potassium and calcium, family history, smoking and stress showed no signifi cant association with hypertension. Statistical analysis revealed that the variables that become dominant risk factors for hypertension and affected the incidence of hypertension were fat (OR=3.303; 95% CI:1.346 â€“ 8.10; p=0.009) and alcohol consumption (OR=2.792; 95% CI:1.347â€“5.789; p=0.006).Conclusion: High fat and alcohol consumption were risk factors that affect the incidence of hypertension amongst the elderly at Tomohon Municipality.

Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kebugaran lanjut usia penghuni Panti Budi Agung Kupang di Kota Kupang Setia, Agustina; Pramantara, I Dewa Putu; Pangastuti, Retno
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2006): November
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Background: A major physiological change during aging is decreasing need of energy which occurs as a consequence of decreasing lean body mass and physical activity. This process affects absorption level. Nutrition has an important role in improving physical fitness, preventing degenerative diseases, and minimizing dependence. Decreasing fitness among the elderly may be overcome through physical exercise, sufficient nutrient intake, autonomy and mobility in undertaking daily activities.Objective: To find out factors related to fitness of the elderly at Budi Agung Charitable House, Kupang.Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design. Subject of the study based on inclusion criteria were the elderly aged more than 60 years old, could do daily activities, had no acute diseases. Exclusion criteria were those who had heart disease, lung disease, cognitive disorder, and mobility disorder. Data of nutrient intake were obtained from food record processed with computer program. Data of nutrition status were measured with body mass index, haemoglobin level with cyanmethemoglobin, and daily activities with functional independence measurement. Fitness level was measured using 6 minute-walk test. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression test.Results: The study showed that there were 10 variables significantly related to physical fitness of the elderly, i.e. energy intake (p=0.009, r=0,368), protein intake (p=0.012, r=0.354), carbohydrate intake (p=0.036, r=0.297), vitamin BÂ intake (p=0.000, r=0.691), vitamin D intake (p=0.001, r=0.455), folic acid intake (p=0.005, r=0.394), iron intake (p=0.000, r=0.540), age (p=0.002, r=-0.428), haemoglobin level (p=0.003, r=0.410), activities of daily living (p=0.000, r=0.800), but intake ofÂ fat and vitamin BÂ were not. Body mass index statistically had no significant relationship (p>0.05) with elderly fitness level. Multiple regression analysis showed that the most influential variables that made the elderly unfit were protein intake (p=0.012 and B= -3.730), vitamin BÂ intake (p=0.000 and B=10.352), folic acid intake (p=0.045 and B=7.085), activities of daily living (p=0.000 and B=8.014).Conclusion: High protein intake, vitamin BÂ intake, folic acid intake, and activities of daily living increased physical fit- ness of the elderly at Budi Agung Charitable House, Kupang.

Pengaruh suplementasi Fe dan Zn terhadap kadar hemoglobin dan kesegaran jasmani pada lansia anemia di Kabupaten Bantul Pamungkasiwi, Endang; Lestariana, Wiryatun; Pangastuti, Retno
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 2, No 3 (2006): Maret
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Background: Province of Yogyakarta Special Territory is a province of â€œelderlyâ€ structure population, as viewed from the number of elderly which is 15% of total population. Anemia is one of nutrition problems of elderly which reaches as high as 50%. This is caused by low intake of iron and other substances related to iron metabolism process in forming hemoglobin. Low hemoglobin concentration can be one of causes of elderly declining physical fitness. Efforts to overcome anemic problems can be done through the supply of iron and zinc for the elderly twice a week.Objective: To know effect of iron and zinc supply to hemoglobin concentration and physical fitness for anemic elderly at Bantul District, Province of Yogyakarta Special Territory.Methods: The study was a randomized double blind controlled trial design. Subject of the study were anemic elderly that fulfilled inclusion criteria. The supply of iron, combination of iron and zinc to trial group was given twice a week on different days, supply of iron was given on Monday and Thursday, while supply of zinc was given on Tuesday and Saturday. Laboratory and physical fitness examination to both group were done prior and after treatment. Nutrition intake data were achieved through food record. Next, to know effect of iron, iron and zinc supply to elderly hemoglobin concentration and physical fitness, covariant analysis was done.Results: The result of the study showed that after 3 monthsâ€™ treatment, there was significant difference of hemoglobin concentration caused by different treatment of group with iron supply, iron and zinc combination supply and control group (p=0.012) although iron and combined iron and zinc supply had equal effectiveness in increasing hemoglobin concentration (p=0.404). There was no significant relationship between elderly hemoglobin concentration and physical fitness (p=0.448). This showed that treatment given affected increase of hemoglobin concentration but the supply andÂ increase ofÂ hemoglobin concentration did not affect increase of elderly physical fitness.Conclusion: The supply of iron and combined iron and zinc increase hemoglobin concentration, but the supply and in- crease of hemoglobin concentration did not increase the elderly physical fitness.

Pengaruh konseling gizi dan penambahan makanan terhadap asupan zat gizi dan status gizi pasien HIV/AIDS Yuniarti, Yuniarti; Purba, Martalena Br; Pangastuti, Retno
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 9, No 3 (2013): Januari
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Background: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a syndrome of opportunistic disease due to decreased immunity in patient HIV/AIDS with the symptom of losing weight progressively and low nutrition status. To cover the condition, it is necessary to give nutrition support. Objective: To compare the effect of nutrition counseling and nutrition supplementation with nutrition counseling only towards the nutrition status and nutrition intake of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).Method: The study was experimental non randomized control group pre-post test design. Subject consisted of two groupsÂ i.e. nutrition counseling plus (with nutrition supplementation) and nutrition counseling only. The study was carried out at Dr. Sardjito Hospital from January to March 2012. The sample were taken purposively with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by using paired t-test and linear regression to calculate nutrient intake and nutrition status.Results: The energy intake of nutrition counseling plus group showed significantly higher amount than the group with nutrition counseling only (change of 141.40 kcal vs 15.99 kcal; OR=4.96). Protein intake was insignificantly higher than nutrition counseling (change of 6.28 g vs 5.11 g; OR=1.94), weight were insignificantly lower than nutrition counseling (change of 0.46 kg vs 0.75 kg; OR=1.21), and nutrition status were insignificantly lower than nutrition counseling (changes in body mass index 0.18 kg/m2 vs 0.32 kg/m2; OR=1.25).Conclusion: Nutrition counseling plus could increase energy intake but could not increase protein intake, weight, and body mass index.

Pola makan berhubungan dengan sindrom metabolik pada lanjut usia di Poliklinik Geriatri RSUP Sanglah Denpasar Dewi, IGA Sagung Kusuma; Pramantara, I Dewa Putu; Pangastuti, Retno
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 6, No 3 (2010): Maret
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Background: Food intake is a factor determining health status and risk for degenerative diseases including metabolic syndrome. The fundamental function of someoneâ€™s nutritional status in the process of the emergence of generative disease and metabolic syndrome can be identified through the effect of food to the prevalence of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia or glucose tolerance disorder.Objective: To identify the association between eating pattern and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the elderly at Geriatric Polyclinic of Sanglah Hospital Denpasar.Method: The study was analytic observational with matched case control study design using ratio 1:1. There were 80 samples consisting of 40 as control group and 40 as cases matched by age and gender. Eating pattern was identified through food frequency questionnaire and calculated and compared to the need. Statistical analysis used chi square and risk factors were measured using odds ratio (OR). Multivariate analysis used double logistic regression to find out risk factors dominantly affected metabolic syndrome.Result: The result of bivariate statistical test showed significant difference in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (p < 0.05) for energy intake (OR: 9.1; CI95%: 1.9-43.8), protein (OR: 3.8; CI95%: 1.5-9.7), fat (OR: 3.8; CI95%: 1.1-13.2), carbohydrate (OR:11.4; CI95%: 2.3-54.2). The result of multivariate analysis showed that the variables having dominant risk and significant difference in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome were carbohydrate consumption (OR: 8.1; CI95%: 1.29â€“50.89), fat consumption (OR: 4.9; CI95%: 1.17-20.61) and protein consumption (OR: 3.9; CI95%: 1.27-12.30).Conclusion: There was difference in eating pattern, i.e. high consumption of carbohydrate, fat and protein which became risk factor for the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the elderly at Geriatric Polyclinic of Sanglah Hospital Denpasar.

Status kesehatan oral dan asupan zat gizi berhubungan dengan status gizi lansia Wijaya, Akhdrisa Mura; Pramantara, I Dewa Putu; Pangastuti, Retno
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 8, No 3 (2012): Januari
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Background: Central Bureau of Statistics data in 2006, showed that the average life expectancy of the population living in Yogyakarta (DIY) was 73 years, and 73.8 years for those living in Sleman. This was higher than the average national life expectancy of 68.5 years. National Health Survey in 2007 showed that the prevalence of oral and dental problems in DIY was 23.6%, while the pulp and periapical tissue diseases in the elderly in Sleman districts was approximately 1704 cases. Hence, it was classified as one of the 10 most prevalent diseases in Public Health Centre. In addition, there were 406 older adults who were underweight.Objectives: To investigate the relationship between oral health status, nutrient intake and nutritional status in older adults.Methods: This study is an observational study with cross sectional design. Subjects were 310 patients aged 60-74 years old in Sleman district. Data obtained by interview, examination of the oral health status, measurement of body weight and arm span. Data were analyzed with Chi-square test.Results: There was a significant association between oral health status and protein intake (RP=2.38; 95%CI:1.42-3.970). Energy, fat and carbohydrates intake were not associated with oral health status (p>0,05). Nutritional status was significantly associated with the intake of the energy (RP=2.98, 95%CI:1.58-5.58), protein (RP=2.44, 95%CI:1,05-5.67), fat (RP=3.68, 95%CI:1.93-7.03) and carbohydrates (RP=4.89, 95%CI:2.54-9.4). However, there were no relationship found between oral health and nutritional status (RP=1.79, 95%CI:0.94-3.43.)Conclusion: There was a significant association between oral health status and protein intake. The intake of nutrients (energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate) was significantly associated with nutritional status. However, there was no significant relationship found between oral health and nutritional status in older adults.

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