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Physical Function–Tardive Dyskinesia (PATD) on Critical Patients in Intensive Care Unit Heru Suwardianto; Selvia David Richard; Awal Prasetyo; Reni Sulung Utami
Jurnal Ners Vol. 12 No. 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Introduction: Critical patients are patients who potentially get reversible dysfunction in one or more life-threatening organs and require care in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).Methods: The objective of this research is to analyse the physical function-tardive dyskinesia in critical patients with sedation in the ICU. The design of this research is cross-sectional. The population is all of the critical patients in the ICU of the Baptist Hospital in Kediri. The purposive sample population was 41 respondents based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The variables are ‘giving the sedation’ and ‘physical function-tardive dyskinesia’. The data was collected using a Motor Activity Assessment, and the Sedation Scale for Critically Ill Patients and Tardive Dyskinesia Screening.Results: The results showed that giving sedation can slow physical function in the form of motor activity; the response of noxious stimuli (7.3%), response to touch or calling name (19.5%) and an increasing score of agitation and co-operative (4.9%). Symptoms of tardive dyskinesia increased after sedation in the form of tongue protrusion (4.9%), lip-smacking, puckering and pursing (2.4%), and rapid movements of the arms and legs. The administration of sedation in the first 24-hours in ICU patients affects the physical function of the critical patients (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Giving sedation affects the patients’ physical functions. Therefore, the prevention of the effects of sedation and treatment during ICU is needed in order to avoid a decrease in the physical function of critical patients.

Peningkatan Ekspresi PD-L1 pada Squamous Cell Carcinoma Nasofaring Tipe Undifferentiated Non Keratinizing Franky Yusuf; Awal Prasetyo; Vega Karlowee; Meira Dewi Kusuma Astuti; Rizki Widya Nur
Medica Hospitalia : Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021): Med Hosp
Publisher : RSUP Dr. Kariadi

Increased Expression of PD-L1 in Undifferentiated Non Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma Nasopharynx ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: PD-L1 expressed by tumor cells in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) can be used by tumor cells to avoid the patient's immune system. This can affect prognosis such as age, gender, histopathological type, tumor stage and quality of life through immunosuppressive activity. PD-L1 expression is expected to be a biomarker for prognostic factor assessment and immunotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is a relationship between the level of PD-L1 expression and prognostic factors in NPC. METHODS: This is analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. PD-L1 expression was examined immunohistochemically using 61 samples of paraffin block, which had been diagnosed as NPC in the Laboratory of Anatomical Pathology, Dr. Kariadi from January 2017 to June 2020. Patient clinical data were used as prognostic factors, namely age, gender, histopathological type, tumor stage and quality of life. Analysis was performed with the Chi-Square test to determine the relationship between the level of PD-L1 expression and prognostic factors. RESULTS: There was a significant correlation between PD-L1expression in tumor cells and histopathological type (p=0.001). No significant correlation between PD-L1 expression and age (p=0.405), gender (p=0.241), tumor stage (p=0.928) and quality of life (p=0.103). CONCLUSION: PD-L1 expression in this study cannot be used as a prognostic factor in NPC patients, although the histopathological type shows a significant relationship, so further research is needed with a larger sample and a longer period. Keywords: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma; PD-L1; prognostic factor

The Effect of Multilevel Doses of Caffeine on Tissue Macrophage and Blood Lymphocyte Count in Autologous Full Thickness Skin Graft Healing in Sprague Dawley Rats Wahyu Haris Prabowo; Awal Prasetyo; Neni Susilaningsih
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 5 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i5.498

Backgrounds. A skin graft is one of the routine surgical procedures performed. This procedure gives excellent results when done as early as possible after the trauma. Caffeine has a mechanism as an adenosine-receptor A2 antagonist which can induce wound healing through increased angiogenesis. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of coffee caffeine in the initiation of full thickness skin graft autologous wound healing by assessing the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods. The research design is an experimental study with a post-test-only approach with a control group design. Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats aged 15 weeks (140 – 150 grams) were randomly divided into four groups. One group became the control group (decaffeinated) while the other group received various doses of caffeine (3 mg/kgBW, 6 mg/kgBW, and 9 mg/kgBW). Autologous skin grafts were performed in all groups. HE examination was performed to confirm the number of macrophage cells in the tissue. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS 25 software. Results. There were significant differences in the number of tissue macrophages in the four groups. The group that received 9 mg/kgBW of caffeine showed the highest number of macrophages compared to the other groups. Based on the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, the group that received a dose of 6 mg/kg BW showed the highest number of lymphocytes compared to other groups. Conclusion. Caffeine showed the ability to initiate full thickness skin graft autologous wound healing by increasing the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in Sprague Dawley rats.

Profile of p53 Protein Expression in Basal Cell Carcinoma Low-Risk and High-Risk Subtype Alendra Chakramurty; Meira Dewi Kusuma Astuti; Hermawan Istiadi; Awal Prasetyo; Dik Puspasari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 6 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i6.538

Background: Basal cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in the world, and its incidence is increasing over time. It is estimated that it accounts for three-quarters of all non-melanoma skin cancers, and the incidence increases exponentially in predominantly white areas. The p53 gene is the gene that most undergoes mutations due to sun exposure and is the cause of skin cancer, especially basal cell carcinoma. This finding explains that p53 expression can be used as marker analysis in cases of basal cell carcinoma. Methods: Observational analytic design was carried out with a cross-sectional. The population and samples were paraffin blocks which histopathologically diagnosed Basal Cell Carcinoma in the anatomical pathology laboratory, Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang. Samples were processed by the p53 immunohistochemical staining method. The p53 expression was given a quantitative score to be 0 = negative, 1-2 = low, 3-4 = high. The expression of p53 was considered positive when it was colored in the cell nucleus. The correlation between variables was analyzed by Spearman and Mann Whitney correlation test. Results: There is no correlation between p53 expression and the age of p53 patients with p = 0.390 (p > 0.05). There is no correlation between p53 expression and lesion location with p = 0.817 (p > 0.05) There is no difference significant, between p53 expression and gender with p = 0.576 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There is no correlation between high and low-risk Basal Cell Carcinoma subtype associated with age, gender, and lesion location.

THE COMBINE CREAM MIXTURE OF NIGELLA SATIVA AND OLEA EUROPAEA FASTEN THE BURN HEALING PROCESS WITH MINIMAL SCAR Sony Noegroho; Taufiq R Nasihun; Wiratno Wiratno; Awal Prasetyo
Media Medika Muda Vol 2, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Background: The healing process of burns is influenced by epithelial faster grown, VEGF expression (vascular endothelial growth factor) and the amount of collagen. Nigella sativa oil could cure the second grade burn wound as effective as silver sulfadiazine cream. Olea europaea accelerates the formation of collagen, reepitelisation and enhances VEGF expression. The combination of both proved its potential in producing faster wound healing with minimal scarring. Method: This is a true experimental study using “posttest only control group design”, including 40 males Wistar rats as subject, body weight ± 200 grams, and maintained at room temperature 280-320C, standard feed and ad libitum drink, adapted and acclimatized a week in Individual cages before treatment. All rats were induced burns in the back area with previous local anesthesia given. All rats are administered cream therapy immediately after burning induction, and repeated daily once for 5 days, and divided into 4 group with the treatment as follows; Group 1 were applied with Sulfadene® (silver sulfadiazine 1%), group 2 by Nigella sativa cream, Group 3 has given olive oil 5% and group 4 has given combination cream of Nigella sativa and olive oil 5%. On the 5th day of the study, each group was randomly assigned 5 rats to terminate the VEGF expression and counting the amount of fibroblast. The 21st day of the study, all groups were terminated and histopathologic examination of scar formation in scar burn areas measured in thickness with Optilab Pro® software.Result: The highest number of fibroblast cells was consecutive group 1 (27.4), group 3 (26.7), group 2 (26.4), and the least group 4 (18.3). VEGF expression did not differ in all groups (Kruskal Wallis, P = 0.074.Conclusion: The combination of Nigella sativa and Olea europea cream mixes speeds the healing of burns with scarring. Keywords: Nigella sativa, Olea europe, fibroblast, VEGF, burns, scar thickness

ANALISIS FISIKA MEDIK PADA INTENSITAS NYERI PASIEN KANKER NASOFARING SETELAH DILAKUKAN MINDFULLNES Anisa Ell Raharyani; Sri Jumini; Yuriz Bakhtiar; Awal Prasetyo
JURNAL SPEKTRA Vol 6, No 2 (2020): SPEKTRA: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Sains
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika, FITK, UNSIQ

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32699/spektra.v6i2.149

Nyeri pada pasien kanker nasofaring merupakan gejala yang sering terjadi. Keseimbangan pada gaya otot, dan tulang pada nasofaring dapat terganggu. Nyeri ini dapat disebabkan oleh metastase, proses infeksi atau pengobatan dan dapat menimbulkan dampak secara fisik, stres psikologi, dampak spiritual, sosial, bahkan banyak menimbulkan kematian serta menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien. Sebagian besar nyeri ini dialami oleh pasien kanker nasofaring stadium III dan IV. Pengaruh nyeri menimbulkan perubahan pada psikoneuroimunologi, sehingga diperlukan penanganan secara integratif dan holistik untuk mengurangi intensitas nyeri. Salah satu bentuk terapi integratif yang dilakukan adalah Mindfulness.Tujuan : melihat gambaran penurunan intensitas nyeri pada pasien kanker nasofaring setelah dilakukan Mindfulness. Metode:experimental clinical trial pre and post test design one group without control. Jumlah sampel 18, diambil berdasarkan consecutive sampling. Pengukuran intensitas nyeri menggunakan VAS, Hasil : perbedaan rata-rata intensitas nyeri sebelum dilakukan terapi, (mean 4,07 + 0,99) dan setelah dilakukan terapi, mean (3,07 + 0,91), Uji t-test menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang significan p value 0,001. Kesimpulan : ada penurunan intensitas nyeri pada pasien kanker nasofaring setelah dilakukan Mindfulness. Kata Kunci:Intensitas nyeri, keseimbangan otot, mindfulness, kanker nasofaring

EFFECT OF MINDFULNESS INTERVENTION ON THE INTENSITY OF PAIN IN NASOPHARYNGEAL CANCER PATIENTS UNDERGOING RADIATION TREATMENT Anna Jumatul Laely; Awal Prasetyo; Chandra Bagus Ropyanto
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2018): March - April
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Background: Physical responses that occur in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer are the emergence of pain due to the effects of treatment. The problem of pain in these patients at the stage of treatment remains critical to solve because it can cause comorbidity, psychological trauma and mortality. Mindfulness intervention is considered useful in transforming consciousness into the stage of acceptance. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of mindfulness intervention on the intensity of pain in nasopharyngeal cancer patients undergoing radiation treatment. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest posttest control group design. Thirty patients were selected using consecutive sampling, which divided into experiment and control group. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to measure pain. Each respondent received mindfulness intervention for six sessions, divided into three meetings. Paired t-test was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed a significant reduction of pain from 4.12 (moderate pain) to 3.06 (mild pain) in the experiment group. There was a significant difference in pain level before and after mindfulness intervention (p= 0.001). Conclusion: Mindfulness is effective in reducing pain intensity level in nasopharyngeal cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy.

The Effect of Multilevel Doses of Caffeine on Tissue Macrophage and Blood Lymphocyte Count in Autologous Full Thickness Skin Graft Healing in Sprague Dawley Rats Wahyu Haris Prabowo; Awal Prasetyo; Neni Susilaningsih
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 5 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i5.498

Backgrounds. A skin graft is one of the routine surgical procedures performed. This procedure gives excellent results when done as early as possible after the trauma. Caffeine has a mechanism as an adenosine-receptor A2 antagonist which can induce wound healing through increased angiogenesis. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of coffee caffeine in the initiation of full thickness skin graft autologous wound healing by assessing the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods. The research design is an experimental study with a post-test-only approach with a control group design. Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats aged 15 weeks (140 – 150 grams) were randomly divided into four groups. One group became the control group (decaffeinated) while the other group received various doses of caffeine (3 mg/kgBW, 6 mg/kgBW, and 9 mg/kgBW). Autologous skin grafts were performed in all groups. HE examination was performed to confirm the number of macrophage cells in the tissue. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS 25 software. Results. There were significant differences in the number of tissue macrophages in the four groups. The group that received 9 mg/kgBW of caffeine showed the highest number of macrophages compared to the other groups. Based on the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, the group that received a dose of 6 mg/kg BW showed the highest number of lymphocytes compared to other groups. Conclusion. Caffeine showed the ability to initiate full thickness skin graft autologous wound healing by increasing the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in Sprague Dawley rats.

Profile of p53 Protein Expression in Basal Cell Carcinoma Low-Risk and High-Risk Subtype Alendra Chakramurty; Meira Dewi Kusuma Astuti; Hermawan Istiadi; Awal Prasetyo; Dik Puspasari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 6 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i6.538

Background: Basal cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in the world, and its incidence is increasing over time. It is estimated that it accounts for three-quarters of all non-melanoma skin cancers, and the incidence increases exponentially in predominantly white areas. The p53 gene is the gene that most undergoes mutations due to sun exposure and is the cause of skin cancer, especially basal cell carcinoma. This finding explains that p53 expression can be used as marker analysis in cases of basal cell carcinoma. Methods: Observational analytic design was carried out with a cross-sectional. The population and samples were paraffin blocks which histopathologically diagnosed Basal Cell Carcinoma in the anatomical pathology laboratory, Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang. Samples were processed by the p53 immunohistochemical staining method. The p53 expression was given a quantitative score to be 0 = negative, 1-2 = low, 3-4 = high. The expression of p53 was considered positive when it was colored in the cell nucleus. The correlation between variables was analyzed by Spearman and Mann Whitney correlation test. Results: There is no correlation between p53 expression and the age of p53 patients with p = 0.390 (p > 0.05). There is no correlation between p53 expression and lesion location with p = 0.817 (p > 0.05) There is no difference significant, between p53 expression and gender with p = 0.576 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There is no correlation between high and low-risk Basal Cell Carcinoma subtype associated with age, gender, and lesion location.

The Effect of Combination of Green Tea and Roselle Extract on Morphology and Motility of Spermatozoa in Rats Induced by Monosodium Glutamate Nurjaya Adinugroho; Awal Prasetyo; Eriawan Agung Nugroho
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 9 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i9.576

Background: Infertility is a reproductive system problem and has been increasing recently. One of the reasons is the poor quality of spermatozoa, which can be assessed through its morphology and motility. Excessive consumption of MSG can affect the quality of spermatozoa. The provision of a combination of green tea and roselle extract, which is an antioxidant and is expected to be able to counteract the effects of MSG’s free radicals on spermatozoa. The objective of the study is to determine the morphology and motility of Wistar Rats’ spermatozoa in the control group given MSG and in the experimental group given MSG and a combination of green tea and roselle extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day for 14 days. Methods: Fifteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, a control group with MSG, group 1 with MSG and a combination of green tea and roselle extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW/day (P1), and group 2 with MSG and combination green tea and roselle extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg BW/day (P2). After 14 days of treatment, the morphology and motility of the spermatozoa of each mouse were studied and assessed microscopically. Results: In the morphological study, the control group had the lowest normal value and the highest abnormal value among all groups. Meanwhile, the P1 group had the highest normal and lowest abnormal values compared to the other two groups. Conclusion: The administration of a combination of green tea and roselle extract improved the morphology and motility of Wistar rats’ spermatozoa. However, an increased dose of a combination of green tea and roselle extract was not proven to affect the morphology and motility of Wistar rats' spermatozoa.

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