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Tatang Muttaqin
Ministry of National Development Planning
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Why Do Children Stay Out Of School In Indonesia? Tatang Muttaqin; Rafael Wittek; Liesbet Heyse; Marijtje Van Duijn
Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan: The Indonesian Journal of Development Planning Vol. 1 No. 2 (2017): September 2017
Publisher : Ministry of National Development Planning Republic of Indonesia/Bappenas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1636.186 KB) | DOI: 10.36574/jpp.v1i2.12

Abstract

Municipal and household-level determinants for Indonesian children out of school are studied using multilevel analysis of 221,392 children in 136,182 households in 497 municipalities. The higher the poverty rate and public education expenditure per capita, the higher the likelihood that children drop out. However, a high(er) mean of municipality education expenditure significantly reduces children’s likelihood to never attend school while a high(er) poverty rate significantly increases the likelihood that children will never attend school. At the household level, expenditure, spending on education, and head of household’s educational background have a significant effect on reducing the number of children out of school.
Determinants of Unequal Access to and Quality of Education in Indonesia Tatang Muttaqin
Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan: The Indonesian Journal of Development Planning Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): March 2018
Publisher : Ministry of National Development Planning Republic of Indonesia/Bappenas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (751.022 KB) | DOI: 10.36574/jpp.v2i1.27

Abstract

Indonesian government simultaneously improves access to and quality of education for all citizens. Although its efforts had a noticeable impact, many of the targets to improve access to and quality of education nevertheless, still have not been achieved and education inequality is still persistent. Using a multilevel multi-resource framework, this article comprehends some of the mechanisms behind the unequal access to and quality of education. It suggests that the impact of and interplays between human, social, economic, political and infrastructural capital at the individual, household, school, community and government level are important on inequality in access to and quality of education in Indonesia. For instance, family factors, such as wealth, education investment and educational background also reduce the likelihood that children are out of school; reciprocity can compensate low-income families for sending their children to preschool as a within level cross resource effect; living in a higher trust strengthen the effect of association on preschool participation as a between level single resource effect; residing in urban area reinforces the effect of associations but it weakens the effect of reciprocity on preschool participation as a between level cross resource effect consists of urbanization. In terms of decentralization, the length of schooling slightly increased but progress in the length of schooling slightly decreased after decentralization; even though student achievement and achievement gaps are strongly determined by student and family characteristics, the results show that differences between school tracks and streams also play an important role.
Co-Authors Liesbet Heyse Marijtje Van Duijn Rafael Wittek