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All Journal Buletin Palawija JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
YUSMANI PRAYOGO
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian, Jl. Raya Kendalpayak KM 08, PO. BOX 66 Malang, 65101 Telp. (0341) 801468, 801075
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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EFIKASI CENDAWAN ENTOMOPATOGEN Lecanicillium lecanii (Zare & Gams) UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAMA KEPIK COKLAT PADA KEDELAI Prayogo, Yusmani
Buletin Palawija No 20 (2010)
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian

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Abstract

Kepik coklat (Riptortus linearis) merupakan salah satu hama pengisap polong kedelai yang sangat penting karena mampu menyebabkan kehilangan hasil hingga mencapai 80%. Lebih dari 95% petani kedelai dalam mengendalikan hama tersebut hanya mengandalkan keampuhan dari insektisida kimia. Lecanicillium lecanii merupakan salah satu jenis cendawan entomopatogen yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan hama kepik coklat. Cendawan ini bersifat kosmopolit sehingga mudah ditemukan di daerah tropis maupun subtropis dan mempunyai inang meliputi; ordo Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Thysanoptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, dan Lepidoptera. Cendawan tumbuh pada suhu 15–30 oC namun suhu optimum terjadi pada suhu 25 oC. Kelebihan cendawan tersebut mampu menginfeksi semua stadia kepik coklat, baik stadia nimfa, imago maupun stadia telur. Efikasi cendawan L. lecanii terhadap kepik coklat nimfa instar I dan II lebih tinggi dibandingkan terhadap imago. Meskipun stadia nimfa dan imago juga dapat terinfeksi oleh cendawan namun mobilitas kedua stadia serangga tersebut cukup tinggi sehingga suspensi konidia cendawan yang diaplikasikan kurang infektif. Aplikasi cendawan L. lecanii pada stadia telur lebih efektif dan mampu menekan perkembangan populasi kepik coklat hingga di bawah ambang kendali karena hama sudah ditekan lebih awal sebelum terjadi peledakan. Stadia telur belum mampu merusak polong kedelai, dan stadia telur tidak dapat dikendalikan menggunakan insektisida kimia. Pengendalian telur kepik coklat menggunakan cendawan L. lecanii dianjurkan pada telur yang baru diletakkan oleh imago (0–1 hari) atau pertama kali R. linearis datang di pertanaman kedelai varietas Wilis yaitu terjadi pada umur 35 hari setelah tanam (HST). Ditinjau dari beberapa efikasi L. lecanii maka cendawan tersebut sangat berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bioinsektisida dalam program pengelolaan hama terpadu kepik coklat.
ISOLAT VIRULEN CENDAWAN ENTOMOPATOGEN Lecanicillium lecanii SEBAGAI BIOINSEKTISIDA UNTUK PENGENDALIAN TELUR KEPIK COKLAT Riptortus linearis (F.) PADA KEDELAI Prayogo, Yusmani
Buletin Palawija No 21 (2011)
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian

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Abstract

Lecanicillium lecanii (=Verticillium lecanii) (Zimm.) (Viegas) Zare dan Gams merupakan salah satu jenis cendawan entomopatogen yang efektif untuk mengendalikan kepik coklat Riptortus linearis pada kedelai. Kelebihan cendawan L. lecanii dapat menginfeksi semua stadia serangga kepik coklat, termasuk stadia telur, nimfa maupun imago. Telur kepik coklat yang terinfeksi cendawan L. lecanii akhirnya tidak dapat menetas karena cendawan tersebut bersifat ovisidal. L. lecanii bersifat kosmopolit, mudah ditemukan di berbagai daerah baik tropis maupun sub tropis sehingga mempunyai virulensi yang sangat beragam. Virulensi cendawan dipengaruhi oleh keragaman intraspesies yang memiliki perbedaan karakter fisiologi. Untuk mendapatkan isolat L. lecanii yang memiliki virulensi tinggi dapat eksplorasi dari berbagai sumber, yaitu dari bangkai serangga (cadaver), menggunakan metode pengumpanan serangga dan isolasi dari dalam tanah. Isolat L. lecanii yang virulen tumbuh lebih cepat, karakter koloni wholly, mampu memproduksi konidia lebih banyak, ukuran konidia lebih besar hingga mencapai 6,5 x 2,5 µm, serta memiliki daya kecambah konidia di atas 95% dalam waktu hanya 12 jam. Suhu untuk pertumbuhan vegetatif L. lecanii lebih luas, yaitu 20–27 oC, sedangkan suhu untuk fase generatif pada suhu 27 oC. Isolat yang virulen memiliki kesamaan karakter fisiologi yang sangat dekat dengan derajat kemiripan 98%. Dengan demikian, empat isolat yang virulen memiliki peluang yang sama untuk digunakan sebagai salah satu bioinsektisida yang prospektif dalam pengelolaan hama terpadu (PHT) untuk hama kepik coklat R. linearis pada stadia telur.
Efikasi Cendawan Entomopatogenik Untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Bulu Prayogo, Yusmani; Marwoto, Marwoto; Suharsono, Suharsono
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 8, No 1 (2012): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v8i1.3068

Abstract

The efficacy of entomopthogenic fungus for Tussock Moth Caterpillars Control. The occurrence of Tussock Moth Caterpillar (TMC) out break reported in some areas in East Java at Probolinggo, Malang, Batu and other districts were worried. The high caterpillar population not only attacking mangos, cherry, and wild watercress, but also migrating to living house before pupation. The available control of these caterpillar is chemical pesticide. However, thechemical will kill the natural enemies and other beneficial insects. A laboratory experiment to study the efficacy of five entomopathogenic fungus against TMC and pupae was conducted at the Entomology Laboratory of Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) in April 2011. Our experiment was arranged using completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates using five entomopthogenic fungus. The efficacy was determined by the mortality of caterpillar/larva and pupae infected by the fungus. Result showed that these five fungus had not effectively kill the caterpillar, as the dense setae in integument acted as a mechanical barrier to fungus infection. The pupal stage was more susceptible to fungus infection. It was found that Paecilomyces fumosoroseus and Lecanicillium lecanii fungus were more effective than Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and Nomuraea rileyi repectively. These two fungus could kill 90% of pupae and also were easier to be cultured in a wide range of natural media. Therefore P. fumosoroseus and L. lecanii are potentially used as a biological control agent against TMC out break.Keywords: Entomopathogenic fungus, hairy caterpillar, incubation period, colonization
PERBANDINGAN METODE APLIKASI JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN BEAUVERIA BASSIANA UNTUK PENGENDALIAN CYLAS FORMICARIUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) Prayogo, Yusmani
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 17, No 1 (2017): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (313.671 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11784-95

Abstract

Comparing application methods of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to control Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Cylas formicarius is a major pest of sweet potatoes. The tuber damage caused by C. formicarius reaches 100%. The research objective was to compare application methods of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana to control C. formicarius. The research was conducted at the entomology screen house of Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) at Malang, East Java, from January to September 2013. The treatment consisted of 12 application methods, each was repeated three times. The results showed that application of B. bassiana into the planting pit, soaking the sweet potato cuttings into the conidial suspension of B. bassiana for 30 minutes before planting, followed by spray application with two week interval (2 to 12 weeks after planting, WAP) or P4 was effective in suppressing C. formicarius population and tuber damage. Tuber weight obtained from P4 treatment was 1.4 kg plant-1, while from the chemical insecticide was only 1.1 kg plant-1. Tuber damage from P4 treatment was lower ( 5%) than that from chemical insecticide treatment (42%). Therefore, application of B. bassiana conidial suspension in the planting pit, continued by soaking the sweet potato cuttinginto the B. bassiana conidial suspension for 30 minutes before planting, and followed by spray applications of B. bassiana conidial suspension at two-week intervals ( 2-12 WAP) or P4 method can be recommended to control C. formicarius.
EFIKASI CENDAWAN ENTOMOPATOGENIK UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN ULAT BULU Prayogo, Yusmani; Marwoto, Marwoto; Suharsono, Suharsono
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 8, No 1 (2012): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v8i1.3068

Abstract

The efficacy of entomopthogenic fungus for Tussock Moth Caterpillars Control. The occurrence of Tussock Moth Caterpillar (TMC) out break reported in some areas in East Java at Probolinggo, Malang, Batu and other districts were worried. The high caterpillar population not only attacking mangos, cherry, and wild watercress, but also migrating to living house before pupation. The available control of these caterpillar is chemical pesticide. However, thechemical will kill the natural enemies and other beneficial insects. A laboratory experiment to study the efficacy of five entomopathogenic fungus against TMC and pupae was conducted at the Entomology Laboratory of Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) in April 2011. Our experiment was arranged using completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates using five entomopthogenic fungus. The efficacy was determined by the mortality of caterpillar/larva and pupae infected by the fungus. Result showed that these five fungus had not effectively kill the caterpillar, as the dense setae in integument acted as a mechanical barrier to fungus infection. The pupal stage was more susceptible to fungus infection. It was found that Paecilomyces fumosoroseus and Lecanicillium lecanii fungus were more effective than Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and Nomuraea rileyi repectively. These two fungus could kill 90% of pupae and also were easier to be cultured in a wide range of natural media. Therefore P. fumosoroseus and L. lecanii are potentially used as a biological control agent against TMC out break.Keywords: Entomopathogenic fungus, hairy caterpillar, incubation period, colonization
VALIDATION OF TECHNOLOGY COMPONENTS FOR PEANUT POD BORER (Etiella zinckenellaTriet.) CONTROL Prayogo, Yusmani; Santi Yudha Ika Bayu, Marida
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.1201-12

Abstract

Peanut pod borer caused by Etiella zinckenella is one of the important pests of peanut in Indonesia. The symptoms of E. zinckenella attack are blackened pods and rotten seeds, causing yield loss up to 90%. The research aim was to validate the efficacy of various control technology components of peanut pod borer pests. The research was conducted at the Natar (Lampung) experimental station from April to August 2014. The research was arranged using a complete randomized design (CRD) method, the treatment consisted of six control technology components, and treatment was repeated four times. The results showed that the more larvae found in the pods, the greater the damage of the pods are crushed by larvae. Application of lambda cyhalothrin insecticide (P6) starting at 35–70 days after planting (DAP) was not able to suppress larval populations of E. zinckenella so that damaged pods were also larger and not significantly different from without control (P0). Lamda sihalotrin insecticide application also harms the survival of natural enemies (predators and parasitoids). Lamda cyhalothrin insecticides can be combined with other control components such as soybean trap plants, thiametoxam and carbofuran and parasitoid of Trichogramma bactrae-bactrae to control of peanut pod borer. Application of Lecanicillium lecanii biopesticide was combined with chemical insecticides thiametoxam or carbofuran can suppress E. zinckenella larvae and yield loses, beside it can safety against the survival of predators the order Araneida and Coleoptera and parasitoid of Hymenoptera and Diptera. Biopesticides of L. lecanii were combined with tiametoxam or carbofuran insecticides can be recommended for control agents of peanut pod borer E. zinckenella.
RESISTANCE OF SOYBEAN GENOTYPES WITH LARGE SEED SIZE AND EARLY MATURITY AGAINST POD BORER, Etiella zinckenella TREITSCHKE Bayu, Marida Santi Yudha Ika; Prayogo, Yusmani
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol. 19 No. 2 (2019): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.219135-142

Abstract

Pod borer is a major pest on soybean. The objective of this study was to determine the resistance of soybean genotypes against pod borer based on choice test. The experiment was conducted in green house and laboratory of Entomology, Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute, using Randomized Block Design with 16 soybean genotypes and three replicates. Planting dates was arranged such a way so as to sincronize the flowering time and pod formation of 16 soybean genotypes. A pairs of 4 days emerged adult pod borer were infested into each plant at R4 stage (21 days after flowering) for two days. The number of egg was observed at 2 days after infestation (DAI) and the number of larva and damaged intensity were observed at 14 DAI. The results showed that genotypes significantly affected egg and larval population, pod and seed damage intensity. The lowest egg and larval population found on Anjasmoro, 6,33 eggs and 10 individuals, respectively. The lowest intensity of pod damage found on Anjasmoro (27,74%), and the lowest intensity of seed damage found on Malabar/Sinabung-68 (15,61%). The resistance of soybean genotypes was non-preference as place to lay eggs and as feed. In conclusion, there were two genotypes showed consistently resistant (Anjasmoro and Malabar/Sinabung-68). These genotypes could be used as a source of genes for varietal improvement of soybean resistance against pod borer.
Co-Authors Aminudin Afandhi Gepi M Putra Marida Santi Yudha Ika Bayu, Marida Santi Yudha Ika marwoto marwoto Santi Yudha Ika Bayu, Marida Suharsono Suharsono Tutung Hadiastono