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Semangat Feminisme Dalam Pengalaman Spiritual Rabi'ah Al-'Adawiyah Affan, Mohammad
Musawa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam Vol. 6 No. 2 (2008)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & The Asia Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/musawa.2008.62.241-256

Abstract

Sufism (tasawwuf) states strongly the equity of human beings: men and women. Existinggender differences do not hinder the spiritual achievement of men and women because spirituality connotes universal meaning free from any particular gender identity. Spirituality concerns eternal life and values, whereas gender identity is a profane affairs and consituting a wordly life. In this light, although men and women assume different gender role in their worldly life, both of them have same potency to achieve the highest spiritual experience and gain ascetic happiness. Sufis doctrine celebrates oneness without any individuality. The history of sufism witnessed the effifacy of women to the top highest state of spirituality. Rabi'ah Al-Adawiyah was the phenomenal example of one who initiated the concept of mahabbatullah in its holistic meaning. Through her concept of hubb (love) Rabi'ah reached the highest spiritual maqam (state) in sufis ranks, higher than other sufis could reach at her time. The achievement of Rabi'ah to the ultimate stage of spirituality through her notion of mahabbah is a clear and firrn proof that spirituality never requires particular gender identity; both women and men have equal potency and opportunity to attain or experience such ultimate encounter with spirituality.
Shifting paradigm: from Intellectual Quotient, Emotional Quotient, and Spiritual Quotient toward Ruhani Quotient in ruhiology perspectives Achmad Ushuluddin; Abd Madjid; Siswanto Masruri; Mohammad Affan
Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies Vol 11, No 1 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies
Publisher : IAIN Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijims.v11i1.139-162

Abstract

There are three theories of human intelligence, namely Intellectual Quotient (IQ), Emotional Quotient (EQ), and Spiritual Quotient (SQ). In its subsequent development, following the SQ era that considered the God Spot in the human brain as a source of intelligence, the concept of the Heart’s Code (HC) indicates that the source of intelligence lies in the heart, not the brain. The SQ model proposed by Zohar-Marshall and the HC model suggested by Pearsall only touched the biological and psychological realms, namely the material brain and the material heart. Both have yet to touch upon the transcendental level of divinity i.e. the spiritual brain and the spiritual heart. Using Thomas Kuhn’s scientific revolution approach, the current article intends to prove that the source of intelligence is not the brain but the ruh (the soul). When God has perfected the creation of man by blowing ruh in him, the sense of hearing subsequently radiates through the ears, sight through the eyes, smell through the nose, speech through the mouth, taste through the tongue, and intelligence through the brain. As a consequence, the brain is but a tool; it is not a source of intelligence. If IQ, EQ, and SQ are regarded as intelligence models originating from the human mind, which is certainly artificial in nature, then Ruhani Quotient (RQ) is an intelligence model originally created by God. Ruhani Quotient (RQ), which is based on ruh, has implications on new studies pertaining to ‘ruhiology.’
Arab Spring dalam Sastra Arab: Ekspresi dan Representasi Mohammad Affan
Al-Irfan : Journal of Arabic Literature and Islamic Studies Vol 1 No 1 (2018): September
Publisher : Arabic Literature Department STIBA DUBA PAMEKASAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36835/al-irfan.v1i1.3222

Abstract

Karya sastra tidak hadir dalam ruang kosong. Ia merupakan cerminan dari realitas yang melingkupinya. Peristiswa Arab Spring (Musim Semi Arab) yang berawal dari tahun 2011 di Tunisia lalu menjalar ke sejumlah negara di kawasan Timur Tengah tidak luput dari sorotan para sastrawan Arab dalam karya mereka. Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan bagaimana ekspresi dan representasi Arab Spring yang terekam dalam literatur sastra Arab. Dari kajian ini ditemukan sejumlah karya sastra Arab berupa novel, puisi, memoar, dan komik yang merepresentasikan aspek-aspek tematik tertentu (waktu, ruang, dan karakter) dari narasi Arab Spring. Selain itu, muncul genre baru dalam sastra Arab, yaitu sastra digital dalam bentuk klip video sastra yang mengekspresikan tahap baru dalam evolusi sastra Arab. Arab Spring telah menandai munculnya babak baru dalam kehidupan di dunia Arab yang selama ini dikekang oleh rezim diktator, yaitu keberanian untuk menyuarakan dan melawan ketidakadilan, penindasan, dan pelanggaran hak-hak asasi manusia yang terjadi di negerinya
Globalisasi dan Masa Depan Studi Agama (Islam): Antara Tantangan dan Peluang Mohammad Affan
Sukma: Jurnal Pendidikan Vol 5, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Yayasan Sukma Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32533/05202.2021

Abstract

Diskursus tentang globalisasi dalam hubungannya dengan studi agama telah lama menjadi perhatian bahkan polemik di antara para sarjana. Ada yang menganggap globalisasi sebagai tantangan yang di dalamnya juga terdapat peluang bagi pengembangan studi agama. Di sisi lain, tidak sedikit sarjana yang melihat globalisasi lebih banyak mengandung ekses negatif yang dapat mengancam masa depan kehidupan beragama. Diskursus yang sama juga terjadi dalam studi Islam. Terlepas dari polemik tersebut, tidak ada yang menolak bahwa globalisasi adalah keniscayaan yang harus disikapi dengan bijak. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memetakan diskursus globalisasi dalam konteks studi agama dan studi Islam, memahami bagaimana para sarjana menyikapi globalisasi, serta apa implikasinya terhadap masa depan studi agama dan studi Islam. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemetaan tersebut adalah analisis deskriptif.  Dari hasil analisis diketahui bahwa globalisasi bukanlah suatu realitas sejarah yang objektif. Ia sekadar istilah yang digunakan untuk menandai perubahan pesat yang terjadi di dunia disebabkan oleh bergesernya pola-pola hubungan ekonomi dan sosial. Implikasinya, studi agama dan studi Islam dihadapkan pada tantangan untuk mengubah cara pandang terhadap realitas-realitas baru dalam dunia global.
Motif, Konstruksi, dan Keadilan Semu dalam Praktik Poligami Kiai Pesantren di Madura Shofiyullah Muzzammil; Mohammad Affan; Muhammad Alwi HS; Masturiyah Masturiyah
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 7, No 01 (2021): Jurnal SMaRT Studi Masyarakat, Religi dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (419.08 KB) | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v7i01.1207

Abstract

The phenomenon of polygamy by the kiai of the Pesantren in Madura is rooted in the religious teachings that are intertwined with the legitimacy of the patriarchal socio-cultural structure. The research aims to reveal the motives, construction, and apparent justice in polygamy practices still widely practiced by people in Madura, especially by kiai as central figures in Pesantren. This research includes field research by conducting interviews and observations in two Pesantrens in Madura led by kiai, who practice polygamy. By using the descriptive-analytical method, this article discovers some of the kiai's polygamy motives, among others, as an outlet for the tradition of matchmaking in his family environment, the desire to have many children, especially sons, and to minimize the concentration of conflict between the first and second wives by presenting a next wife. The practice of polygamy by kiai is framed in religious discourse and the socio-cultural structure of the Madurese community through the pesantren habitus, which forms the construction of polygamy as something ordinary, even noble. The polygamy discourse is formed through the standardization of gender roles through the rules of the pesantren and the teaching of the kitab kuning. In preventing the fulfillment of the requirements of justice in polygamy, kiai make a pre-marriage contract with the prospective wife to avoid justice demand. In this construction, women are always conditioned to be accepting and obedient. Thus, religious discourse co-opted injustice with the promise of heaven for every polygamous woman so that the kiai's polygamous family household could survive but in an atmosphere of false justice.