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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Jurnal Ilmiah Aplikasi Isotop Radiasi Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences agriTECH AGRIKAN Jurnal Ilmiah Agribisnis dan Perikanan Kaizen : Management Systems and Industrial Engineering Journal JURNAL PANGAN Jurnal Mutu Pangan : Indonesian Journal of Food Quality Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri) Majalah Teknik Industri Jurnal Teknologi Informasi Indonesia
Eko Hari Purnomo
2. Departemen Ilmu Dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor 3. SEAFAST Center, Institut Pertanian Bogor
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FRAKSINASI KERING MINYAK KELAPA MENGGUNAKAN KRISTALISATOR SKALA 120 KG UNTUK MENGHASILKAN FRAKSI MINYAK KAYA TRIASILGLISER0L RANTAI MENENGAH MURSALIN, MURSALIN; HARIYADI, PURWIYATNO; PURNOMO, EKO HARI; ANDARWULAN, NURI; FARDIAZ, DEDI
853-8212
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

ABSTRAKMinyak kelapa merupakan sumber medium chain triglycerides(MCT) utama. Melalui proses fraksinasi dapat dihasilkan fraksi minyakdengan kandungan MCT tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajaripengaruh berbagai faktor perlakuan dingin terhadap kristalisasi danfraksinasi minyak kelapa, serta untuk menetapkan prosedur pendinginanyang efektif dalam menghasilkan fraksi minyak dengan kandungan MCTtinggi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium SEAFAST CENTER IPBdari bulan Maret 2012 sampai bulan Februari 2013. Fraksinasi dilakukandengan memanaskan minyak pada suhu 70°C lalu didinginkan padaberbagai laju pendinginan untuk mencapai beberapa variasi suhukristalisasi, diaduk dengan kecepatan 15 rpm, dibiarkan mengkristal padalama waktu yang berbeda (hingga 900 menit), serta difraksinasi denganpenyaringan vakum menggunakan kertas Whatman 40. Tiga tahappendinginan yang merupakan faktor kunci keberhasilan proses kristalisasiminyak kelapa yaitu tahap pendinginan awal dari suhu 70 hingga 29°C;tahap pendinginan kritis 29°C hingga suhu kristalisasi; dan tahapkristalisasi itu sendiri. Pada tahap pertama minyak kelapa didinginkansecepat mungkin untuk menurunkan waktu proses, tetapi pada tahap keduaharus dilaksanakan dengan laju pendinginan lambat (kurang dari 0,176°C/menit) untuk menghasilkan kristal yang berukuran besar dan tidak mudahmeleleh. Minyak dengan kandungan triasilgliserol tinggi dapat diperolehdari fraksi olein minyak kelapa. Pada perlakuan suhu kristalisasi 21,30-21,73°C untuk laju pendinginan kritis antara 0,013 hingga 0,176°C/menit,semakin rendah laju pendinginan kritis dan semakin lama proseskristalisasi maka kandungan MCT fraksi olein yang dihasilkan akansemakin tinggi.Kata kunci: minyak kelapa, laju pendinginan, kristalisasi, fraksinasi, MCTABSTRACTCoconut oil is the main source of medium chain triglycerides(MCT). Fractionation produce oil fraction containing MCT concentrate.This research aims to study the influence of various factors of coolingtreatment on the crystallization and fractionation of coconut oil, and toestablish effective cooling procedure to produce oil fraction with highMCT content. The research was conducted in Laboratorium of SEAFASTCENTER IPB from March 2012 to February 2013. Coconut oil washeated at 70°C then cooled at different cooling rate to reach variouscrystalization temperatures. The oil was then stirred at 15 rpm and allow tocrystallized at different period of time (up to 900 min), and finallyfractionated by vacuum filtration using Whatman #40 paper. Fractionationtemperatures was the same as crystalization temperature. The resultsshowed that there were three distinct cooling regimes critical tocrystallization process, i.e temperature range from 70 to 29°C; 29°C tocrystallization temperature; and crystallization temperature. In the firstregime, melted coconut oil might be cooled quickly to save time, but in thesecond regime need be done with a cooling rate of less than 0.176°C/minto produce physically stable crystal. Oil with high triacylglycerol contentcould be obtained from olein fraction of coconut oil. At the crystallizationtemperature 21.30-21.73°C for the critical cooling rate between 0.013 to0.176°C/min, the higher MCT content of olein fraction were produced bythe lower critical cooling rate and the longer crystallization process.Keywords: fractionation, crystallization, MCT, coconut oil, cooling rate.
Chemical Characterization of Flour Fractions from Five Yam (Dioscorea alata) Cultivars in Indonesia Nadia, Lula; Wirakartakusumah, M. Aman; Andarwulan, Nuri; Purnomo, Eko Hari; Noda, Takahiro; Ishiguro, Koji
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (387.836 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2015.47.1.7

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of particle size on  the  chemical properties  of yam flour  in five  cultivars, yellow/YY, orange/OY, light purple/LPY, purple/PY, and dark purple/DPY. With a mesh sieve, three  flour fractions  were separated according to particle size:  small (128.6-139.7 µm), medium (228.7-257.9 µm), and large (475.4-596.3 µm). The content of moisture (6.81-11.26 %db) and lipids (4.48-9.85 %db) decreased with the increase of particle size, while proteins (4.48-9.85 %db) and carbohydrates (78.12-83.76 %db) were not influenced by particle size. Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and chlorogenic acid were used as standard to investigate the total phenolic compounds  in  the  yam  flour,  and  high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to investigate the anthocyanin and carotene contents. It was found that there was no size influence on the content of phenolics (0.27-2.82%db), anthocyanin (2.25-15.27  mg/100g db) in LPY, PY, DPY  or  carotene (23.75-132.12 mg/100g db) in YY, OY. The differences in chemical composition were due to differences in particle size and heat treatment, but may also have been caused by the different composition of the milling process.
Kajian Proses Perumusan Standar dan Peraturan Keamanan Pangan di Indonesia Formulation Process Assessment on Food Safety Standards and Regulations in Indonesia Hariyadi, Purwiyatno; Sumarto, Sumarto; Hari Purnomo, Eko
JURNAL PANGAN Vol 23, No 2 (2014): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (621.371 KB) | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v23i2.55

Abstract

Standar dan peraturan keamanan pangan tidak saja bertujuan untuk melindungi kesehatan publik, tetapi juga menjamin perdagangan yang adil dan meningkatkan daya saing bangsa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kesenjangan antara prinsip-prinsip baik dan kenyataan penerapannya pada pengembangan standar dan peraturan keamanan pangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei dan diskusi kelompok terarah (focus group discussion/FGD) melibatkan pemangku kepentingan keamanan pangan. Hasil survei dan FGD menunjukkan bahwa banyak standar dan peraturan keamanan pangan yang mengalami hambatan dalam penerapannya disebabkan karena telah terjadi kesenjangan antara prinsip-prinsip baik dan kenyataan penerapannya. Kesenjangan tersebut adalah dalam hal (i) rendahnya informasi tentang proses dan perkembangan perumusan, (ii) kurangnya pembahasan yang mempertimbangkan kepentingan dan keterlibatan pemangku kepentingan, (iii) rendahnya relevansi antara tujuan perlindungan kesehatan publik dengan kondisi nyata produk dan industri pangan Indonesia, dan (iv) kurangnya kesiapan pelaku usaha dan unsur penunjangnya. Diidentifikasi pula adanya perbedaan persepsi antara pemerintah dan industri pangan tentang prinsipprinsip (i) transparansi, dan (ii) efektifitas dan relevansi. Hal ini perlu diatasi dengan perbaikan (i) sistem informasi, (ii) akses kepada pemangku kepentingan, (iii) kesiapan infrastruktur, dan (iv) kesepakatan mengenai dimensi pengembangan nasional, khususnya untuk (a) kepentingan UMKM, (b) pengembangan bahan baku lokal, dan (c) peningkatan daya saing.Food safety standards and regulations are developed not only for protecting public health but also for facilitating fair trade and nation competitiveness. The objectives of this research are to identify gap between good principles and their implementation in the development of food safety standards and regulations. Survey and focus group discussion (FGD) are used in this research. We find that gaps between good principles and actual development of food safety standard and regulation are the most frequently cited by stakeholders as the main factor hindering standard implementation. Gaps identified are lack of (i) information, (ii) intensive discussions among stakeholders, (iii) relevancy in term of consumer protection objective, and (iv) readiness of business community and its supporting system. Our results suggest that there is also a perception gap between food industry and government regulatory agencies on aspects of (i) transparency and (ii) effectiveness and relevancy. Improvement should be done by (i) improving the information system, (ii) providing access to stakeholders, (iii) making the infrastructures ready, and (iv)streamlining the consensus on national development dimensions; especially those associated with (a) interest for SMEs development, (b) development of local foods and food ingredients, and (c) improvement of competitiveness of Indonesian food products.
Pengembangan Produk Makaroni dari Campuran Jewawut (Setaria italica L.), Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas var. Ayamurasaki) dan Terigu (Triticum aestivum L.) (Development of Macaroni Products Made from Mixtures of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) Flour, Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas var. Ayamurasaki) and Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Flour) Fitriani, Fitriani; Sugiyono, Sugiyono; Purnomo, Eko Hari
JURNAL PANGAN Vol 22, No 4 (2013): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (361.306 KB) | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v22i4.136

Abstract

Jewawut (Setaria italica L.) dan ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas) adalah tanaman pangan lokal yang pemanfaatannya belum optimal. Salah satu usaha yang dilakukan adalah diversifikasi produk olahannya menjadi makaroni. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat formulasi makaroni dari jewawut, ubi jalar ungu, dan terigu (Triticum aestivum L.). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makaroni terbaik adalah pada formulasi tepung jewawut 40 persen, ubi jalar ungu 50 persen dan terigu 10 persen dengan proses pembuatan terbaik yaitu adonan dikukus selama 10 menit. Makaroni terbaik memiliki skor kekerasan 3063,13 gf, kadar air 7,02 persen bb, kadar abu 3,26 persen bk, lemak 4,64 persen bk, protein 11,43 persen bk, karbohidrat 80,67 persen bk, serat kasar 6,88 persen bk dan aktivitas antioksidannya 661,25 mg vitamin C eq/kg makaroni. Hasil uji organoleptik dan fisik pada penyimpanan selama 5 minggu menunjukkan bahwa produk makaroni tidak banyak mengalami perubahan pada suhu ruang.Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) are local food commodities which have not been utilized optimally. These food commodities can actually be utilized in the production of various food products. The objective of this study was to develop macaroni products made from mixtures of foxtail millet flour, purple sweet potato, and wheat flour. The results showed that the best formulation of macaroni product was the mixture of 40 percent foxtail millet flour, 50 percent purple sweet potato, and 10 percent wheat flour that was steamed for 10 minutes. The best macaroni product had properties of 3063.13 gf hardness, 7.02 percent moisture, 3.26 percent ash, 4.64 percent fat, 11.43 percent protein, 80.67 percent carbohydrate, 6.88 percent dietary fiber and antioxidant activity of 661,25 mg vitamin C eq/kg. The organoleptic and physical characteristics of the macaroni products did not change much during five weeks storage at room temperature. 
Protokol Penanggulangan dan Penyelamatan Krisis Pangan dan Gizi pada Kelompok Rawan (Protocol for Recovery and Prevention of Food and Nutrition Crises on Vurnerable Group) Briawan, Dodik; Hariyadi, Purwiyatno; Hari Purnomo, Eko Hari Purnomo; M. Taqi, Fahim
JURNAL PANGAN Vol 24, No 2 (2015): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1724.573 KB) | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v24i2.32

Abstract

Krisis pangan dan gizi merupakan permasalahan yang berdampak terhadap pembangunan di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan protokol pencegahan dan penanggulangan krisis pangan dan gizi. Data yang digunakan terdiri dari data sekunder dan primer. Protokol krisis pangan dan gizi dikembangkan dengan melibatkan ahli dan narasumber dari pemerintah daerah di Sukabumi, Situbondo dan Bogor. Kondisi krisis pangan dan gizi dapat ditetapkan dengan sistem survailan menggunakan indikator yang valid, sensitif, dan mudah dikumpulkan. Model yang sudah ada yaitu “Sistem Kewaspadaan Pangan dan Gizi” dapat digunakan dengan beberapa modifikasi tertutama pada komponen indikator. Protokol pencegahan dan penanggulangan dikembangkan untuk kelompok rumah tangga rawan di masyarakat. Kelompok ini dapat ditetapkan berdasarkan 14 indikator nonmoneter yang dikembangkan oleh BPS, dengan prioritas yang mempunyai anak di bawah usia lima tahun dan atau ibu hamil. Upaya penyelamatan terutama dilakukan dengan memberikan makanan tambahan pada kelompok rawan ini. Penanggulangan diarahkan melalui bantuan ekonomi kepada rumah tangga sasaran. Pemerintah daerahperlu membentuk tim manajemen krisis pangan dan gizi yang disertai peran dan tanggungjawab yang jelas. Disarankan, pemerintah daerah mempunyai kewenangan dalam menetapkan kondisi krisis, yang disertai anggaran pelaksanaan protokol tersebut. Selain itu, dalam jangka panjang program seperti SKPG, Posyandu dan UPGK perlu diperbaiki dan ditingkatkan.Food and nutrition crises affect Indonesian development. This study aims to develop general protocol for prevention and recovery of food and nutrition crises. The data comprises of secondary and primary data. The crisis protocol is developed by involving experts and resource persons from Sukabumi, Situbondo and Bogor local governments. The crisis condition could be determined using mechanism of surveillances, valid, sensitive, and easy to generate indicators. The existing “Sistem Kewaspadaan Pangan dan Gizi” model could be applied with some modification on its components. The recovery and prevention protocolshould specifically be developed for vulnerable groups which can be determined using 14 non-monetary indicators developed by CBS, with special priority given to households with children under 5 years and/or pregnant mothers. The recovery is focused on feeding program for those groups. Prevention program is designed for the development of economic activities for the targeted households. The local government need to establish a crisis management team with well defined roles and responsibilities. It is proposed that Head of Local Governments should have authority to determine, declare crisis condition, and allocate budget to execute the protocol. In the long run, existing food and nutrition programs; especially SKPG, Posyandu and UPGKshall be up-graded and improved.
Pengaruh Laju Pendinginan, Suhu, dan Lama Kristalisasi pada Profil Triasilgliserol dan Sifat Pelelehan Produk Fraksionasi Minyak Kelapa . Mursalin; Purwiyatno Hariyadi; Eko Hari Purnomo; Nuri Andarwulan; Dedi Fardiaz
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 1 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Abstract

Dry fractionation will produce a fraction of olein and stearin with different composition of high melting and low melting as well the distribution of triacylglycerol (TAG) in the form of trisaturated (St3), disaturated (St2U) and monosaturated (StU2). This research aimed to study the effect of critical cooling rate and crystallization temperature on the composition and profile of TAG changes as well the melting properties of the fractionated coconut oil products. Coconut oilwas heated at 70°C then cooledat differentcooling rate to reach various crystalization temperatures. The oil was then stirred at 15rpm and allowed to crystallize at different period of time, and finally fractionated by vacuum filtration using Whatman #40 paper. Fractionation temperatures were the same as crystalization temperatures. The results showed that the critical cooling rate was proportional to the solid-like to liquid-like ratio, the content of St3 and SFC profile of olein fraction but inversely proportional to the content of St2U and StU2 TAG. Interval crystallization temperature between 21.30 and 21.73 °C produced the S/L ratio, the content of St3 TAG and SFC profiles of olein fractions lower and the content of St2U and StU2 TAG higher than the temperature interval below or above it. Coconut oil fractionation more effective in higher crystallization temperature or lower critical cooling rate. In these cooling treatments, St3 TAG which has high melting pointwould be concentrated at stearin fraction, while St2U and StU2 TAG and MCTwould be at olein fraction. Therefore, it will increase melting properties of stearin fraction and decrease olein fraction.
Klorofil Daun Suji: Potensi dan Tantangan Pengembangan Pewarna Hijau Alami Dias Indrasti; Nuri Andarwulan; Eko Hari Purnomo; Nur Wulandari
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (364.205 KB) | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.24.2.109

Abstract

Chlorophyll has long been used as a green colorant for food and non-food applications. One source of chlorophyll is suji (Dracaena angustifolia (Medik.) Roxb.) leaf. The suji leaf chlorophyll has advantages and unique characteristics compared to the other chlorophyll sources that potential to be developed as a natural colorant. However, chlorophyll is easily degraded due to enzymatic and environmental factors. During processing and storage, the chlorophyll structure changes to its derivative compounds which are no longer green. Several attempts have been done to maintain the quality of the green color and quantity of chlorophyll contained in suji leaves. The formation of metallo-chlorophyll and development of suji leaf powder colorant have not been able to match the quality and quantity of its extract. These constraints become a challenge in the development of suji leaves as a natural colorant.
PARAMETER KINETIKA INAKTIVASI TERMAL DAN ISOLASI Staphylococcus aureus PADA MINUMAN DARI GEL CINCAU HIJAU DAN ROSELA Eko Hari Purnomo; Puspo Edi Giriwono; Dias Indrasti; Antung Sima Firlieyanti; Andini Giwang Kinasih
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 26 No. 1 (2015): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (192.466 KB) | DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2015.26.1.124

Abstract

Information about heat resistance (D and z values) of target bacteria is needed for the thermal process design on drink from Green Grass Jelly (Premna oblongifolia Merr.) and Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), so it can guarantee quality and safety of the product. The objectives of this research were to isolate Staphylococcus aureus from commercial green grass jelly and to determine the D and z values of Staphylococcus aureus (from commercial product and standard clinical isolate ATCC 25923) on heating menstruum of green grass jelly and roselle. Isolation of S. aureus was done by inoculation in selective medium, D and z values of Staphylococcus aureus were assessed by heating at constant temperatures of 57, 53, 49, and 45°C during the time interval 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The results showed that one isolate (Isolate A) gave positive response of Staphylococcus aureus in isolation tests and had similar percentage with the reference culture of 41.8% using the API Staph Kit. Heat resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (represented as D value) isolated from green grass jelly at constant heating temperature of D45, D49, D53 and D57 were 32.3, 17.9, 4.6, and 1.5 minutes. On the other hand, D value of isolates ATCC 25923 (standard clinical isolate) at constant heating temperature of D45, D49, D53 and D57 were 18.5, 6.8, 2.9, and 1.4 minutes. The z value of isolates A and ATCC 25923 were 8.8°C and 10.8°C. Smaller z value of isolate A showed that pasteurization process can be accelerated and optimized with increasing the temperature slightly but has the same lethality effect.
OPTIMASI PENGGUNAAN HIDROKOLOID TERHADAP PASTA MAKARONI BERBASIS BERAS BERAMILOSA TINGGI Eko Hari Purnomo; Endang Yuli Purwani; Tri Wahyu Sulistyawati
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 26 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (349.896 KB) | DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2015.26.2.241

Abstract

Pasta is an extrusion product which is commonly produced from wheat flour. Gluten is key substance of wheat flour that affect quality of pasta, such as low cooking loss, low adhesiveness and firm pasta structure. However, gluten may cause health problem for consumers with celiac disease or gluten intolerance. Rice is safe for celiac disease sufferer, but it is technologically challenging to develop rice-based pasta. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of different ratio between xanthan gum and guar gum (2%) on the physical characteristics of macaroni pasta from rice flour. This research consisted of several steps which include flour milling and characterization, formulation, and final product analysis. The result showed that different ratio of xanthan gum and guar gum had significant effect to cooking loss, adhesiveness, springiness and hue parameters (P<0.05), but it did not give significant effect to water absorbtion, swelling volume, chroma and lightness response (P>0.05). The optimum formula was noodle by hydrocolloid ratio 2% of xanthan gum and 0 % of guar gum which had desirability value of 0.798. The selected formula was organoleptically accepted by panelists and containing 9.84 % of water, 1.65% of ash, 12.05% of protein, 1.41% of fat, 75.05% of carbohydrate, 24.49% of amylose, also 33.49  of pore size.
SIFAT REOLOGI DAN STABILITAS FISIK MINUMAN EMULSI MINYAK SAWIT Nurlita Dianingsih; Eko Hari Purnomo; Tien R. Muchtadi
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 27 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (488.945 KB) | DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2016.27.2.165

Abstract

Palm oil emulsion drink is one of the food diversification product, containing high provitamin-A. The dispersed phase of the emulsion is palm olein, while the rest was water as the dispersion medium (ratio 7:3). The low content of dispersion medium in the emulsion caused the rheological properties, droplet size and distribution, as well as its level of stability to be different from other commercial product of beverage emulsion. This research investigated the effect of storage time on the rheological properties, droplet size distributions and stability of the emulsion. The emulsion morphology was observed by polarized light microscopy, while its size and distribution were analyzed by dynamic light scattering technique using Zetasizer. The rheological analysis, including the determination of the flow behavior and consistency index, were measured using a rotational dial reading viscometer. The results showed that increasing of storage time led to increased droplet size and distribution (d4.3 value from 4.83 to 6.12 µm, value of flow behavior index from 0.9782 to 0.9873, and consistency index from 3.473 to5.047 Pa.sn). However, this condition also caused a decrease in emulsion stability (from 0.880 to 0.823). According to Pearson’s correlation coefficients, the droplet size was negatively correlated with emulsion stability (R = -0.907; α = 0.01). However, the droplet size were positively correlated with the flow behavior index (R = 0.778; α = 0.01) and consistency index (R = 0.939; α = 0.01). These results may help formulate palm oil emulsion drink with improved stability and shelf-life.
Co-Authors - Mursalin . Mursalin Achmad Nasir Ginanjar Alexander Tommy Wicaksono Andini Giwang Kinasih Andriani, Cynthia Anis Zamaluddien Antung Sima Firlieyanti Antung Sima Firlieyanti Azis B. Sitanggang Budi Nurtama Cynthia Andriani Dedi Fardiaz Denny S. Agustin Dewi Fortuna Ayu Dias Indrasti Dodik Briawan Endang Yuli Purwani Fadlillah, Hendry Noer Fahim M. Taqi Feri Kusnandar Feri Kusnandar Feri Kusnandar Fitriani Fitriani Fujio Lamtarida Panggabean Ginanjar, Achmad Nasir Hafzialman Hafzialman Hendry Noer Fadlillah Iwan Makhmul Rambe Koji Ishiguro Koji Ishiguro Laksono Trisnantoro Lilis Nuraida Lula Nadia M. Aman Wirakartakusumah M. Aman Wirakartakusumah M. Taqi, Fahim Mawi Prabudi MURSALIN MURSALIN NICOLAS HUTASOIT Nicolas Hutasoit Nur Fitriana Dewi Nur Wulandari Nuri Andarwulan Nurlita Dianingsih, Nurlita Purwanto, Agung Ari Purwiyatno Hariyadi Puspo Edi Giriwono Rindy Panca Tanhindarto Santi Dwi Astuti Stefani Hartono Sugiyono Sugiyono Sugiyono Sugiyono Sumarto Sumarto Sumarto Sumarto Takahiro Noda Takahiro Noda Tien R. Muchtadi Tri Wahyu Sulistyawati Yogi Akbar Sunardiansya Yogi Akbar Sunardiansyah Yundari, Yundari Zamaluddien, Anis Zita L. Sarungallo Zubaidah Irawati