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All Journal Konversi Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri Mitra Akademia: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmiah Berkala: Sains dan Terapan Kimia
Marinda Rahim
Politeknik Negeri Samarinda
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Social Sciences

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OPTIMASI WAKTU HIDROLISIS TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT MENJADI FURFURAL BERBANTUKAN GELOMBANG MIKRO Rahim, Marinda; Nadir, Mardhiyah
Konversi Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Oktober 2015
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v4i2.265

Abstract

Abstrak- Sebagai daerah sentra pengembangan perkebunan kelapa sawit dan industri crude palm oil (CPO), Kalimantan Timur memiliki potensi untuk menghasilkan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dalam jumlah yang cukup besar. TKKS merupakan limbah padat dari hasil industri CPO yang menggunakan tandan buah sawit (TBS) sebagai bahan bakunya.  Bagian TKKS adalah 23% dari TBS. TKKS memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi jika diolah lebih lanjut. Salah satu cara yang digunakan adalah dengan menghidrolisis kandungan pentosan di dalam TKKS menjadi furfural. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah megembangkan teknik hidrolisis satu tahap TKKS menjadi furfural dengan bantuan gelombang mikro untuk mendapatkan waktu optimum yang dapat mengasilkan furfural maksimum.. Pada penelitian ini 10 gram TKKS ditambahkan dengan 250 mL H2SO4 15% sebagai katalis. Campuran kemudian dihidrolisis menggunakan bantuan gelombang mikro dengan variasi waktu 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, dan 105 menit. Hasil analisa dengan Gas Chromatography (GC) menunjukkan hasil furfural tertinggi diperoleh pada waktu 75 menit dengan konsentrasi 1,34 mg/mL.  Kata Kunci: furfural, gelombang mikro, hidrolisis, TKKS Abstract- As a regional center for the development of oil palm plantations and crude palm oil (CPO) industry, East Kalimantan has the potential to produce oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) in large enough quantities. EFB is the solid waste from the palm oil industry which uses palm fruit bunches (FFB) as a raw material. EFB part is 23% of FFB. Whereas EFB has a high economic value if processed further. One of the method that is used to hydrolyze the content of pentosan in EFB into furfural. The purpose of this research is to develop one step hydrolysis technique of EFB into furfural  with microwaves assistance  to obtain the optimum time which can produce maximum furfural. In this research 10 grams of EFB was added with 250 mL of H2SO4 15%  as the catalyst. The mixture was then hydrolyzed using microwave-assisted with a time variety of for 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and105 minutes. The results of analysis by Gas Chromatography (GC) showed that the highest results of furfural  was at 75 minutes with a concentration of 1.34 mg / mL. Keywords: EFB, furfural, microwaves, hydrolysis
OPTIMASI WAKTU HIDROLISIS TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT MENJADI FURFURAL BERBANTUKAN GELOMBANG MIKRO Marinda Rahim; Mardhiyah Nadir
Konversi Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Oktober 2015
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v4i2.265

Abstract

Abstrak- Sebagai daerah sentra pengembangan perkebunan kelapa sawit dan industri crude palm oil (CPO), Kalimantan Timur memiliki potensi untuk menghasilkan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dalam jumlah yang cukup besar. TKKS merupakan limbah padat dari hasil industri CPO yang menggunakan tandan buah sawit (TBS) sebagai bahan bakunya.  Bagian TKKS adalah 23% dari TBS. TKKS memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi jika diolah lebih lanjut. Salah satu cara yang digunakan adalah dengan menghidrolisis kandungan pentosan di dalam TKKS menjadi furfural. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah megembangkan teknik hidrolisis satu tahap TKKS menjadi furfural dengan bantuan gelombang mikro untuk mendapatkan waktu optimum yang dapat mengasilkan furfural maksimum.. Pada penelitian ini 10 gram TKKS ditambahkan dengan 250 mL H2SO4 15% sebagai katalis. Campuran kemudian dihidrolisis menggunakan bantuan gelombang mikro dengan variasi waktu 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, dan 105 menit. Hasil analisa dengan Gas Chromatography (GC) menunjukkan hasil furfural tertinggi diperoleh pada waktu 75 menit dengan konsentrasi 1,34 mg/mL.  Kata Kunci: furfural, gelombang mikro, hidrolisis, TKKS Abstract- As a regional center for the development of oil palm plantations and crude palm oil (CPO) industry, East Kalimantan has the potential to produce oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) in large enough quantities. EFB is the solid waste from the palm oil industry which uses palm fruit bunches (FFB) as a raw material. EFB part is 23% of FFB. Whereas EFB has a high economic value if processed further. One of the method that is used to hydrolyze the content of pentosan in EFB into furfural. The purpose of this research is to develop one step hydrolysis technique of EFB into furfural  with microwaves assistance  to obtain the optimum time which can produce maximum furfural. In this research 10 grams of EFB was added with 250 mL of H2SO4 15%  as the catalyst. The mixture was then hydrolyzed using microwave-assisted with a time variety of for 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and105 minutes. The results of analysis by Gas Chromatography (GC) showed that the highest results of furfural  was at 75 minutes with a concentration of 1.34 mg / mL. Keywords: EFB, furfural, microwaves, hydrolysis
OPTIMIZATION OF RICE HUSK HYDROLYSIS TIME INTO FURFURAL ASSISTED BY MICROWAVE Marinda Rahim; Arief Adhiksana; Mina Indriani
Konversi Vol 8, No 2 (2019): Oktober 2019
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v8i2.7013

Abstract

Rice production in East Kalimantan is quite high. In the process of milling usually rice husk obtained is about 20-30% from grains weight produced. The quite potential amount of rice husk  has not yet widely utilized, even though rice husk contains pentosan which can be processed into furfural by hydrolysis method.  The purpose of this research is to develop one step hydrolysis technique of rice husk into furfural  with  microwaves assistance to obtain the optimum time which can produce maximum furfural. In  this research 50 grams of rice husk was added with 500 mL of H2SO4 1% as the catalyst. The mixture was then hydrolyzed using microwave-assisted method with a time variety of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120  minutes.  The result of analysis by Gas Chromatography (GC) showed that the highest result of furfural was at 90 minutes with a yield of 2.923%.
ADSORPSI ZAT WARNA DIRECT BLACK 38 MENGGUNAKAN KITOSAN BERBASIS LIMBAH UDANG DELTA MAHAKAM Zainal Arifin; Dedy Irawan; Marinda Rahim; Ferdi Ramantiya
Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia Vol 6, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (425.822 KB) | DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v6i1.2104

Abstract

Telah dilakukan penelitian dekolorisasi Direct Black 38 menggunakan kitosan dari limbah udang Delta Mahakam. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimum proses dan kapasitas adsorpsi kitosan. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu: waktu (20-480 menit), massa kitosan (0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 1.75, 2 gram), dan konsentrasi Direct Black 38 (2, 5, 10, 50, 100 ppm). Direct Black 38 dengan konsentrasi awal 500 ppm diencerkan menjadi 100 ppm. Sampel sebanyak 100 mL dimasukkan dalam erlenmeyer dan ditambahkan sejumlah kitosan. Sampel diaduk menggunakan shaker dengan kecepatan tertentu hingga tercapai kesetimbangan. Sampel disaring dengan Whatman 40 kemudian dianalisis penurunan konsentrasi Direct Black 38 menggunakan UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 505.7 nm. Untuk mendapatkan data kapasitas adsorpsi kitosan digunakan model isoterm Freundlich. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum adsorpsi Direct Black 38 adalah waktu adsorpsi 360 menit dan massa kitosan 1.5 gram. Penurunan konsentrasi Direct Black 38 pada kondisi optimum mencapai 63.10%. Data kapasitas adsorpsi kitosan terbesar diperoleh sebesar 4.21 mg/g berdasarkan persamaan isoterm Freundlich. Kata kunci: adsorpsi, dekolorisasi, direct black 38, kitin, kitosan 
PENGENALAN HIDROPONIK DAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DI KALANGAN PEREMPUAN PEKERJA KEBERSIHAN POLITEKNIK NEGERI SAMARINDA Mardhiyah Nadir; Marinda Rahim; Fitri yana; Galih Pangestu; Amjat Fadilan
Mitra Akademia: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Mitra Akademia
Publisher : Unit Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (UP2M) Politeknik Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32722/mapnj.v5i1.4509

Abstract

Female cleaning service employees at Politeknik Negeri Samarinda (Polnes) are mostly housewives with low-grade education and working to help their husbands to increase their income. Their income will be increased as long as they have the knowledge and skill to produce other businesses such as organic nutrients and hydroponic organic vegetable plants from garbage or waste. This community service activity was held at the Politeknik Negeri Samarinda campus’ nearby area with training and practice methods. 15 female cleaning service workers on this campus., The first session was subject to making liquid organic fertilizer using waste materials from Terminalia catappa L. leaves and banana peels which are fermented using EM-4 bacteria and brown sugar nutrients which are used as organic nutrients for hydroponic plant. Meanwhile, the second session was subject to making hydroponicmedia from waste materials such as mineral water glass packaging, mineral water bottles, used Styrofoam from fruit or rice packaging, and wasted flannel. At the end of the community service activity, the participants had a well understanding of making liquid organic fertilizer and hydroponic media.Keywords: garbage, hydroponic, liquid organic fertilizer Abstrak Pekerja perempuan yang menjadi pegawai cleaning service di Politeknik Negeri Samarinda (Polnes) mayoritas merupakan pekerja perempuan rumah tangga berpendidikan rendah, yang bekerja untuk membantu suami guna menambah penghasilan keluarga. Penghasilan pekerja perempuan petugas cleaning service ini dapat ditingkatkan jika mereka memiliki pengetahuan untuk membuat nutrisi organik serta tanaman sayur organik hidroponik yang dapat dijual dengan memanfaatkan bahan utama yang sudah menjadi sampah atau limbah yang dengan mudah dapat diperoleh oleh pekerja perempuan tersebut. Peserta terdiri dari 15 orang pekerja perempuan cleaning service di Polnes. Sesi pertama merupakan materi untuk membuat pupuk organik cair dengan menggunakan bahan sampah daun ketapang dan kulit pisang yang difermentasi menggunakan bakteri EM-4 dan nutrisi gula merahyang digunakan sebagai nutrisi organik untuk tanaman hidroponik. Sedangkan sesi kedua merupakan materi pembuatan media hidroponik dari bahan-bahan limbah seperti kemasan gelas air mineral, botol air mineral, styrofoam bekas kemasan buah atau nasi, dan kain perca bekas. peserta pelatihan telah sangat memahami cara membuat pupuk organik cair dan media hidroponik.Kata kunci: hidroponik, pupuk organik cair, sampah organik  
Produksi Kitosan Berbasis Limbah Udang Delta Mahakam : Tinjauan Proses Deasetilasi Zainal Arifin; Dedy Irawan; Marinda Rahim; Lalang Dwiyoga Sakti
Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri Vol 6 No 11 Juni 2012
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Samarinda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (7351.078 KB) | DOI: 10.26578/jrti.v6i11.1504

Abstract

Frozen shrimp activities of many companies in the Mahakam Delta region leaving the potential of shrimp waste that has not been maximally utilized. Application of appropriate technology capable to transforming shrimp waste into products of high economic value such as chitosan. Chitosan is produced through a sequence of processes, namely the extraction of chitin and deacetylation. In this research was review to deacetylation process as the function of temperature and concentration of alkali by measuring the degree of deacetylation. This research was used design of experiment of completely randomized design (CRD)-single factor. Chitin powder introduced into a reactor together with concentrated solution of alkali (50-80% w/w) on 1:20 ratio. The mixture was heated (80-120oC) with stirring. After that, the mixture was filtered and the solids neutralized and dried it. Degree of deacetylation of chitosan was analyzed using FTIR. The results showed that the optimum conditions of deacetylation process is achieved at a temperature of 100°C, alkali 70% (w/v) and a ratio 1:20 (w/v) with the degree of deacetylation 80.59%. Chitosan analysis with the parameters of ash content, moisture, and viscosity were found to be 0.01%, 6.99% and 3.6 cP, respectively. The chitosan product is suitable for industrial applications. 
Proses Peningkatan Nilai Kalor Batubara Lignit Samarinda Melalui Penambahan Aditif Low Wax Sulfur Residu dan Perlakuan Temperatur pada Tekanan Atmosfer Marinda Rahim; Nur Wana B.Z
Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri Vol 6 No 11 Juni 2012
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Samarinda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (6638.631 KB) | DOI: 10.26578/jrti.v6i11.1506

Abstract

The increasing calorific value of brown coal using upgrading brown coal (UBC) method is generally conducted by heating it at the temperature of 150oC-160oC and the pressure of 350 kPa, in which the coal about to be processed is previously mixed with low sulfur wax residue (LSWR) as an additive substance diluted with kerosin. This research was aimed to know the effect of the heat temperature in UBC process which was done at the atmospheric pressure to increase the calorific value of the brown coal. One gram of brown coal was mixed with 0.5 mL LSWR dissolved in kerosin. The mixture was then heated using oven heater for 1 hour with the temperature variation of 100°C, 125°C, 150°C, 175°C, and 200°C. The results of the research show that the heating process at the temperature of 175°C produced coal with the highest increase caloric value  e.g.   52,4%. The coal characteristic produced  calorificc value was 5482 cal/g, water content was 3.138%, ash content was 6.009%, volatile matter was 66.288%, and fixed carbon was 24.565%.
Co-Authors Amjat Fadilan Arief Adhiksana Dedy Irawan Ferdi Ramantiya Fitri yana Galih Pangestu Irawan, Dedy Lalang Dwiyoga Sakti Mardhiyah Nadir Mardhiyah Nadir Mardhiyah Nadir, Mardhiyah Mina Indriani Nur Wana B.Z Zainal Arifin