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PRESCRIPTION ANALYSIS: AN INVESTIGATION ON PRESCRIPTION LEGALITY IN THE PHARMACIES OF KOTAMADYA YOGYAKARTA Rahmawati, Fita; Oetari, R.A.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 13 No 2, 2002
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

A research has been carried out to identify whether prescriptions received in pharmacies at Yogyakarta district fulfilled the legality as the regulation concern. This included an investigation on prescription hand-writing, part of a prescription which has a potential to bring about a medication error due to misinterpretation.The study was conducted by collecting prescription samples, randomly picked-up (ï¡=5% and d=3%), from each of 12 pharmacies. Furthermore, other supporting data, such as questioner and interview, were also collected from 29 pharmacies involving 83 respondents (24 pharmacists and 59 technician assistants). Data were then analyzed descriptively.The result showed that prescriptions fulfilled the regulation was approximately 39.8%. The absences of sign or license number of prescriber, the date of prescription were only examples of the cause. Hand-writing of the prescriber was sometime so bad that causing difficulty to interpret especially name of medicine, dose, usage or administration, uncommon abbreviation, hence increasing the risks of medication error to happen.Key word: prescription, legality aspect of prescription, medication error

EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN PEDIATRI RAWAT INAP Purwaningsih, Avianti Eka Dewi Aditya; Rahmawati, Fita; Wahyono, Djoko
JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Vol 5, No 3
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmpf.150

Meluasnya penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat merupakan isu besar dalam kesehatan masyarakat dan keamanan pasien. Masalah utama pemakaian antibiotik pada anak adalah penentuan jenis antibiotik, dosis, interval, dan rute pemberian. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase antibiotik yang rasional (kategori 0) dan apa saja jenis ketidakrasionalan (kategori II-V), serta untuk mengetahui hubungan rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik dengan luaran terapi yang di capai. Penelitian merupakan penelitian observasional menggunakan metode cohort. Pengambilan data pada penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif dan prospektif selama periode November 2014 sampai Februari 2015. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien pediatri di bangsal rawat inap Rumah Sakit Islam Sultan Agung Semarang, yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Evaluasi rasionalitas antibiotik menggunakan metode Van der Meer dan Gyssens kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hubungan antara rasionalitas antibiotik dengan luaran terapi dianalisis menggunakan Chi-square dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil evaluasi terhadap penggunaan antibiotik pada 385 regimen menunjukkan 23,9% penggunaan antibiotik rasional. Jenis ketidakrasionalan, yaitu kategori V (8,6%); kategori IV A (22,3%); kategori IV C (20%); kategori IV D (1,6%); kategori II A (44,4%); kategori IV B (37,7%). Hasil analisis hubungan rasionalitas dengan luaran terapi menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik dengan luaran terapi (p>0,05).

PERBANDINGAN RESPON KLINIK NIKARDIPIN DENGAN DILTIAZEM PADA HIPERTENSI EMERGENSI Palupi, Poppy Diah; Rahmawati, Fita; Probosuseno, Probosuseno
JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Vol 5, No 3
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmpf.146

Hipertensi emergensi merupakan suatu kedaruratan medik dan memerlukan tindakan yang cepat dan tepat untuk menyelamatkan jiwa penderita. Secara umum, obat antihipertensi yang digunakan pada pasien hipertensi emergensi diberikan secara parenteral. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui respon klinik nikardipin dengan diltiazem intravena dalam menurunkan tekanan darah, mean arterial pressure, dan denyut jantung pada pasien hipertensi emergensi. Penelitian merupakan penelitian analitik dengan rancangan retrospective cohort study. Data diambil dari rekam medik pasien hipertensi emergensi yang dirawat di Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), maupun bangsal rawat inap selama periode Januari sampai Desember 2014 di RSUD Kota Semarang. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 117 pasien, terdiri dari 66 pasien kelompok nikardipin dan 51 pasien kelompok diltiazem. Nikardipin dapat menurunkan mean arterial pressure (MAP) sebesar 14,45%, sedangkan diltiazem sebesar 12,20%. Nikardipin menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik 17,69%, sedangkan diltiazem sebesar 17,63%. Nikardipin menurunkan tekanan darah diastolik 21,56% dan denyut jantung sebesar 1,74%, sedangkan diltiazem menurunkan tekanan darah sebesar 20,30% dan denyut jantung sebesar 7,83%. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam menurunkan tekanan darah dan MAP antara nikardipin dan diltiazem. Namun, terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam menurunkan denyut jantung antara nikardipin dan diltiazem.

PROBLEM PEMILIHAN OBAT PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP GERIATRI DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA Rahmawati, Fita; Ellykusuma, Nany Yusuf; Pramantara, I Dewa Putu; Sulaiman, Syed Azhar Syed
JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X Vol 4, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Research Gateway

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Old age is associated with chronic diseases and disabilities, which in turn require multiple medications. This often complicate diagnosed and appropriate drug therapy. The aim of the study was to determine types and number of inappropriate drug in geriatric patients in Bougenville Ward Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Research type is descriptive. Data taken prospectively during two period, January to February 2006 and Agust to October 2006. The study was conducted in 100 geriatric patients hospitalized with inclusion criteria 65 years old and above and admission into Bougainville ward (interne department) RSUP Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. Data collecting was conducted through medical record then adjustment of inappropriate drug of choice was identified by pharmacist-physician discussion. Evaluation of the data was carried out descriptively. The result of the study showed that inappropriate drug of choice occurred in 48 cases. This problem include more effective drug available 12 cases, contraindication present 15 cases, dosage form inappropriate 2 cases, condition refractory to drug 1 case, drug not indicated (unsafe) for condition 9 cases, patient received unnecessary multiple drug combination 9 cases. The finding of our study support pharmacist in collaboration between physician-pharmacist-nurse can effectively reduce incidence of Drug Related Problems in geriatric patient. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah dan persentase Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) yang terjadi pada pasien geriatri di Bangsal Bougenville IRNA I RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif, pengambilan data dilakukan secara prospektif pada 100 pasien dengan kriteria pasien berumur lebih dari 60 tahun dan menjalani rawat inap di bangsal Bougenville IRNA I bagian Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Data diambil pada 2 periode waktu yaitu bulan Januari – Februari 2006 dan bulan Agustus-Oktober 2006. Identifikasi Drug Related Problem (DRP) terkait dengan pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat dilakukan melalui diskusi dengan klinisi. Analisis data selanjutnya dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa problem pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat terjadi sejumlah 48 kasus. Problem ini meliputi obat yang diterima pasien bukan merupakan obat yang paling tepat 12 kasus, pasien menerima kombinasi obat yang tidak diperlukan sebanyak 9 kasus, obat dikontraindikasikan pemakaiannya untuk pasien sejumlah 15 kasus, obat tidak aman bagi kondisi pasien 9 kasus, bentuk sediaan tidak tepat 2 kasus, obat yang digunakan sudah merupakan obat yang paling tepat namun pada kasus tersebut tidak efektif sejumlah 1 kasus. Untuk mengurangi kejadian Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) pada pasien geriatri diperlukan peningkatan peran aktif farmasis serta kerja sama diantara tenaga medis dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan.

PROBLEM PEMILIHAN OBAT PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP GERIATRI DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA Rahmawati, Fita; Ellykusuma, Nany Yusuf; Pramantara, I Dewa Putu; Sulaiman, Syed Azhar Syed
JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X Vol 4, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Research Gateway

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Old age is associated with chronic diseases and disabilities, which in turn require multiple medications. This often complicate diagnosed and appropriate drug therapy. The aim of the study was to determine types and number of inappropriate drug in geriatric patients in Bougenville Ward Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Research type is descriptive. Data taken prospectively during two period, January to February 2006 and Agust to October 2006. The study was conducted in 100 geriatric patients hospitalized with inclusion criteria 65 years old and above and admission into Bougainville ward (interne department) RSUP Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. Data collecting was conducted through medical record then adjustment of inappropriate drug of choice was identified by pharmacist-physician discussion. Evaluation of the data was carried out descriptively. The result of the study showed that inappropriate drug of choice occurred in 48 cases. This problem include more effective drug available 12 cases, contraindication present 15 cases, dosage form inappropriate 2 cases, condition refractory to drug 1 case, drug not indicated (unsafe) for condition 9 cases, patient received unnecessary multiple drug combination 9 cases. The finding of our study support pharmacist in collaboration between physician-pharmacist-nurse can effectively reduce incidence of Drug Related Problems in geriatric patient. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah dan persentase Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) yang terjadi pada pasien geriatri di Bangsal Bougenville IRNA I RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif, pengambilan data dilakukan secara prospektif pada 100 pasien dengan kriteria pasien berumur lebih dari 60 tahun dan menjalani rawat inap di bangsal Bougenville IRNA I bagian Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Data diambil pada 2 periode waktu yaitu bulan Januari – Februari 2006 dan bulan Agustus-Oktober 2006. Identifikasi Drug Related Problem (DRP) terkait dengan pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat dilakukan melalui diskusi dengan klinisi. Analisis data selanjutnya dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa problem pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat terjadi sejumlah 48 kasus. Problem ini meliputi obat yang diterima pasien bukan merupakan obat yang paling tepat 12 kasus, pasien menerima kombinasi obat yang tidak diperlukan sebanyak 9 kasus, obat dikontraindikasikan pemakaiannya untuk pasien sejumlah 15 kasus, obat tidak aman bagi kondisi pasien 9 kasus, bentuk sediaan tidak tepat 2 kasus, obat yang digunakan sudah merupakan obat yang paling tepat namun pada kasus tersebut tidak efektif sejumlah 1 kasus. Untuk mengurangi kejadian Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) pada pasien geriatri diperlukan peningkatan peran aktif farmasis serta kerja sama diantara tenaga medis dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan.

EFEKTIVITAS PAIKEM GEMBROT MELALUI MEDIA WAYANG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA Rahmawati, Fita; Mashar, Riana; Mahardika, Astuti
Edukasi: Jurnal Penelitian dan Artikel Pendidikan Vol 6 No 12 (2014): Vol. 6 No. 12, Juni 2014
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (364.158 KB)

The research is supposed toknow applying Paikem Gembrot Approach using wayang to improve student?s ability in sains?learning in Ar Risalah Islamic Elementary School Secang. Type of this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) that was adapted from Kemmis and Mc Taggart model with two cycle. Every cycle consisted of planning, acting, observation and reflection. Subject of the reseacrh are students of Ar Risalah Islamic Elementary School in grade III about 29 students.Technique of collecting data are test, observation and documentation. Result of the research had shown that Paikem Gembrot Approach using wayang gave positif effect for increasing score and ability in Sains?Learning. That was prove from the averrage of Sains score, it was increasing in every cycle. Score of the students before treatment about 62, 93 with the percentage 24,13%. In cycle I it was increasing became 74,48 with the percentage 58, 62%. In cycle II there was significant increasing became 89, 65%. Based on result of the research, it was concluded that with applying Paikem Gembrot Approach using Wayang can increase result in Sains?Learning with the discussion about the way to conserve the natural environment in grade III Ar Risalah Islamic Elementary School Secang.

PROBLEM PEMILIHAN OBAT PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP GERIATRI DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA Rahmawati, Fita; Ellykusuma, Nany Yusuf; Pramantara, I Dewa Putu; Sulaiman, Syed Azhar Syed
Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35617/jfi.v4i1.5

Old age is associated with chronic diseases and disabilities, which in turn require multiple medications. This often complicate diagnosed and appropriate drug therapy. The aim of the study was to determine types and number of inappropriate drug in geriatric patients in Bougenville Ward Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Research type is descriptive. Data taken prospectively during two period, January to February 2006 and Agust to October 2006. The study was conducted in 100 geriatric patients hospitalized with inclusion criteria 65 years old and above and admission into Bougainville ward (interne department) RSUP Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. Data collecting was conducted through medical record then adjustment of inappropriate drug of choice was identified by pharmacist-physician discussion. Evaluation of the data was carried out descriptively. The result of the study showed that inappropriate drug of choice occurred in 48 cases. This problem include more effective drug available 12 cases, contraindication present 15 cases, dosage form inappropriate 2 cases, condition refractory to drug 1 case, drug not indicated (unsafe) for condition 9 cases, patient received unnecessary multiple drug combination 9 cases. The finding of our study support pharmacist in collaboration between physician-pharmacist-nurse can effectively reduce incidence of Drug Related Problems in geriatric patient. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah dan persentase Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) yang terjadi pada pasien geriatri di Bangsal Bougenville IRNA I RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif, pengambilan data dilakukan secara prospektif pada 100 pasien dengan kriteria pasien berumur lebih dari 60 tahun dan menjalani rawat inap di bangsal Bougenville IRNA I bagian Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Data diambil pada 2 periode waktu yaitu bulan Januari â?? Februari 2006 dan bulan Agustus-Oktober 2006. Identifikasi Drug Related Problem (DRP) terkait dengan pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat dilakukan melalui diskusi dengan klinisi. Analisis data selanjutnya dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa problem pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat terjadi sejumlah 48 kasus. Problem ini meliputi obat yang diterima pasien bukan merupakan obat yang paling tepat 12 kasus, pasien menerima kombinasi obat yang tidak diperlukan sebanyak 9 kasus, obat dikontraindikasikan pemakaiannya untuk pasien sejumlah 15 kasus, obat tidak aman bagi kondisi pasien 9 kasus, bentuk sediaan tidak tepat 2 kasus, obat yang digunakan sudah merupakan obat yang paling tepat namun pada kasus tersebut tidak efektif sejumlah 1 kasus. Untuk mengurangi kejadian Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) pada pasien geriatri diperlukan peningkatan peran aktif farmasis serta kerja sama diantara tenaga medis dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan.

PROBLEM PEMILIHAN OBAT PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP GERIATRI DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA Rahmawati, Fita; Ellykusuma, Nany Yusuf; Pramantara, I Dewa Putu; Sulaiman, Syed Azhar Syed
Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35617/jfi.v4i1.6

Old age is associated with chronic diseases and disabilities, which in turn require multiple medications. This often complicate diagnosed and appropriate drug therapy. The aim of the study was to determine types and number of inappropriate drug in geriatric patients in Bougenville Ward Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Research type is descriptive. Data taken prospectively during two period, January to February 2006 and Agust to October 2006. The study was conducted in 100 geriatric patients hospitalized with inclusion criteria 65 years old and above and admission into Bougainville ward (interne department) RSUP Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. Data collecting was conducted through medical record then adjustment of inappropriate drug of choice was identified by pharmacist-physician discussion. Evaluation of the data was carried out descriptively. The result of the study showed that inappropriate drug of choice occurred in 48 cases. This problem include more effective drug available 12 cases, contraindication present 15 cases, dosage form inappropriate 2 cases, condition refractory to drug 1 case, drug not indicated (unsafe) for condition 9 cases, patient received unnecessary multiple drug combination 9 cases. The finding of our study support pharmacist in collaboration between physician-pharmacist-nurse can effectively reduce incidence of Drug Related Problems in geriatric patient. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah dan persentase Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) yang terjadi pada pasien geriatri di Bangsal Bougenville IRNA I RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif, pengambilan data dilakukan secara prospektif pada 100 pasien dengan kriteria pasien berumur lebih dari 60 tahun dan menjalani rawat inap di bangsal Bougenville IRNA I bagian Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Data diambil pada 2 periode waktu yaitu bulan Januari â?? Februari 2006 dan bulan Agustus-Oktober 2006. Identifikasi Drug Related Problem (DRP) terkait dengan pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat dilakukan melalui diskusi dengan klinisi. Analisis data selanjutnya dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa problem pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat terjadi sejumlah 48 kasus. Problem ini meliputi obat yang diterima pasien bukan merupakan obat yang paling tepat 12 kasus, pasien menerima kombinasi obat yang tidak diperlukan sebanyak 9 kasus, obat dikontraindikasikan pemakaiannya untuk pasien sejumlah 15 kasus, obat tidak aman bagi kondisi pasien 9 kasus, bentuk sediaan tidak tepat 2 kasus, obat yang digunakan sudah merupakan obat yang paling tepat namun pada kasus tersebut tidak efektif sejumlah 1 kasus. Untuk mengurangi kejadian Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) pada pasien geriatri diperlukan peningkatan peran aktif farmasis serta kerja sama diantara tenaga medis dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan.

PENERAPAN STRATEGI COOPERATIVE SCRIPT DENGAN MEDIA KOMIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SD NEGERI II GEDONG TAHUN AJARAN 2013/ 2014 Hidayati, Yulia Maftuhah; Rahmawati, Fita; Herawati, Astri
Profesi Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 1, No. 1, Juli 2014
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/ppd.v1i1.1554

The study aims to understand the studentsâ€™ learning motivation at Class V of the Indonesiancourse by applying a Cooperative Script strategy with comic media. It was aclass action research. The population included all the 17 students of the Class V at SDNegeri II Gedong Primary School. It consisted of two cycles. The data collection employedobservation and documentation. The technique of data analysis used a qualitativemethod with an interactive model, including data reduction, display data, and conclusion.The indicators were summarizing, listening, speaking, and expressing opinions.The class action research would be said to be successful if it met 80% of the indicatorsand 80% of the students achieved the KKM. The results of the study were summarizingat the early condition of 90.98%, cycle I of 74.51%, cycle II of 88.24%; listening at theearly condition of 50.98%, cycle I of 72.54%, cycle II of 90.20%; speaking at the earlycondition of 45.09%, cycle I of 64.71%, cycle II of 80.39%; and giving opinions at theearly condition of 43.20%, cycle I at 49.02%, cycle II of 80.39%. At the early condition,the students who achieved the KKM amounted to 9 people, at cycle I of 11 students, andat cycle II of 17 students (or 100%). At the cycle II, the studentsâ€™ motivation had achievedthe indicators. It could be concluded that applying a cooperative script strategy withcomic media could increase the studentsâ€™ Indonesian course.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Antikolinergik Terhadap Gangguan Fungsi Kognitif Pada Pasien Geriatri di Lombok Tengah, Indonesia Lupitaningrum, Dita Marina; Rahmawati, Fita
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Geriatrics are more susceptible to the unwanted effects of drugs, such as potential cognitive impairment effects of anticholinergic drugs. This study aims to determine the effect of anticholinergic drug use on cognitive reduction in Central Lombok geriatric patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted by tracing a medical history and interview result using a Six-item Cognitive Impairment Tests (6-CIT) questionnaire to measure cognitive function. The sample size was 503 geriatric patients with 213 patients as users and 290 patients as non-users. Anticholinergic loads were determined in each patient using Anticholinergic Drug Scale (ADS). The data of the study were analyzed using Chi-square to see the effect of anticholinergic drug use on cognitive function reduction. A total of 168 patients (78.9%) used a single anticholinergic drug. Most of anticholinergic used were level 1 (95.8%). Patients who had a total anticholinergic load of 1 were 156 people (73.2%). In the user group, 191 patients (38%) experienced cognitive reduction. The most common disease experienced by drug user was circulatory system disease (50.9%) and the most widely used drug was furosemide (45.4%). Chi-square analysis showed that anticholinergic drug had significant effect on geriatrics impairment of cognitive function (OR 2.361; CI95% 1.399-3.983; P=0.002). The use of anticholinergic drugs had an effect on cognitive reduction in geriatric patient.

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