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All Journal eJurnal Kedokteran Indonesia Sari Pediatri Paediatrica Indonesiana eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia
Rini Sekartini
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Hubungan Kecukupan Asupan Energi dan Makronutrien dengan Status Gizi Anak Usia 5-7 Tahun di Kelurahan Kampung Melayu, Jakarta Timur Tahun 2012 Evan Regar; Rini Sekartini
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 1, No 3 (2013): Desember
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

Status gizi merupakan parameter yang dapat mengetahui masalah kesehatan di suatu daerah ataunegara. Hingga saat ini prevalensi masalah gizi di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi dan masalah gizi kronisakan menimbulkan komplikasi jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungankecukupan asupan energi dan makronutrien dengan status gizi pada anak usia 5-7 tahun. Desainpenelitian ini adalah observasional-analitik potong lintang menggunakan data sekunder. Status giziditentukan dengan indeks berat badan menurut usia (BB/U) dan tinggi badan menurut usia (TB/U).Data yang dianalisis adalah data yang memenuhi kelengkapan tanggal lahir, pengukuran antropometri,serta analisis food recall 24 jam. Besar sampel penelitian ini adalah 122 anak. Analisis statistik yangdigunakan adalah metode Fisher. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antarakecukupan asupan protein dengan status gizi (indeks BB/U: p=0,024; indeks TB/U: p=0,037). Tidakterdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kecukupan asupan energi dengan status gizi (indeks BB/U:p=0,358; indeks TB/U: p=0,733), kecukupan asupan lemak dengan status gizi (indeks BB/U: p=1,000;indeks TB/U: p=1,000), dan kecukupan asupan karbohidrat status gizi (indeks BB/U: p=0,462; indeksTB/U: p=1,000). Disimpulkan asupan energi dan makronutrien berhubungan dengan status gizi anak.Kata Kunci: asupan energi, makronutrien, status gizi
Hubungan Status Gizi, Asupan Besi, dan Magnesium dengan Gangguan Tidur Anak Usia 5-7 Tahun di Kampung Melayu, Jakarta Timur Tahun 2012 William Cheng; Rini Sekartini
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol. 2, No. 2 (2014): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

AbstrakTidur adalah hal yang penting bagi anak karena terjadi peningkatan aktivitas susunan saraf pusat tertentu untuk memberikan efek fisiologis bagi tubuh. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan gangguan tidur, salah satu yang dapat dimodifikasi adalah faktor nutrisi. Aspek nutrisi yang diperkirakan berkaitanadalah status gizi, asupan besi, dan asupan magnesium. Status gizi merupakan parameter secara umum keseimbangan antara derajat kebutuhan fisik anak terhadap nutrien. Besi dan magnesium berhubungan karena mempengaruhi substansi yang berperan dalam pengaturan fisiologi tidur. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasi-analitik untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi, asupan besi, dan asupan magnesium dengan gangguan tidur pada anak usia 5-7 tahun dengan metode cross-sectional dari data sekunder pada anak-anak di Posyandu Kampung Melayu, berupa status antopometri, asupan besi, asupan magnesium, dan skor gangguan tidur dengan kuesioner Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC). Gangguan tidur dinyatakan bila skor SDSC melewati angka39. Prevalensi anak yang mengalami gangguan tidur pada penelitian ini adalah 23,1%. Pada uji chi square untuk hubungan indeks Berat Badan/Umur dan Tinggi Badan/Umur dengan gangguan tidur didapatkan p>0,05 yang menyatakan bahwa tidak ada hubungan secara statistik. Pada uji chi square untuk hubungan asupan besi dan magnesium dengan gangguan tidur, didapatkan p>0,05 yang menandakan tidak terdapat hubungan secara statistik.Kata kunci: asupan besi, asupan magnesium, gangguan tidur, dan status gizi.AbstractSleep is essential for children because there is enhancement of neural system activities that give physiologic effects for the body. There are several factors that relate with sleep disturbances, where one of the modifiable factors is nutrition. Nutritional status, iron intake, and magnesium intake are examples of nutrition that are believed to relate with sleep. Nutritional status represents thebalance between nutritional intake and expenditure. Iron and magnesium are micronutrients that are related to the substance that regulate sleep mechanism. This study is an observational-analysis study to examine the association of nutritional status, iron intake, and magnesium intake to the sleep disturbance in age five to seven children using cross-sectional method on the secondary data of children in Posyandu Kampung Melayu. Data include nutritional status, iron intake, magnesium intake, and sleep disturbance diagnosed with the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children. The cut-off point to identify the disturbance is 39. Prevalence of children that have sleep disturbance is 23,1%. There was no statistically significant difference found between Body Weight on Age, Height on Age and sleep disturbance, using the chi square analysis, with p value more than 0,05. The same nonsignificant result was found from the chi square analysis to determine the relation between iron intake and magnesium intake to sleep disturbance, with the p value more than 0,05.Keywords: Iron intake, magnesium intake, nutritional status, and sleep disturbance.
Stimulation and cognitive function in short-stature preschoolers Ika Citra Dewi; Rini Sekartini; Hartono Gunardi; Asrawati Nurdin
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 61 No 2 (2021): March 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi61.2.2021.74-81

Abstract

Background Normal-height children generally have better cognitive function than growth-stunted, short-stature children. Children’s cognitive function reportedly improves with stimulation. However, a correlation between stimulation and cognitive function in children with a history of short stature remains unclear. Objective To assess correlation between stimulation and cognitive function in normal-height vs. short-stature preschool children. Methods A cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling was performed in four sub-district areas in Jakarta. Preschool-aged children and their primary caregivers from previous studies on short stature were eligible for inclusion. An Indonesian version of a questionnaire was used to assess stimulation. A psychologist assessed verbal IQ (VIQ), performance IQ (PIQ), and full-scale IQ (FSIQ) with the Indonesian version of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and Chi-square tests, and P values <0.05 were considered to be significant. Results Of 62 subjects, 64.5% had normal height and 35.5% had short stature. Both normal-height and short-stature children had similar IQ outcome and history of stimulation. The stimulation was significantly correlated with FSIQ in normal-height children (r= 0.316; P=0.047), but not short-stature children (r=0.049; P=0.828). However, the percentage differences in VIQ, PIQ, and FSIQ between normal-height and short-stature children were not significant (P=0.409, 0.119 and 0.877, respectively). Conclusion There is a significant correlation between stimulation and IQ in normal-height children. Short-stature preschoolers were not worse in terms of IQ than normal-height preschoolers. Parents and caregivers should be encouraged to provide regular and adequate stimulation to their young children.
Hubungan antara Prestasi Belajar pada Anak dengan Gangguan Tidur di SDN 03 Pondok Cina Depok Nuri Indahwati; Rini Sekartini
Sari Pediatri Vol 18, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp18.3.2016.175-81

Abstract

Latar belakang. Prevalensi gangguan tidur pada anak terbanyak terjadi pada anak usia sekolah. Di Indonesia, prevalensi gangguan tidur pada anak tergolong cukup tinggi, tetapi kesadaran orang tua masih rendah. Gangguan tidur pada anak dapat berdampak pada prestasi belajar anak.Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan antara gangguan tidur dan faktor sosiodemografi dengan prestasi belajar anak usia sekolah.Metode. Studi potong lintang dilakukan pada Oktober 2015-September 2016 terhadap anak berusia 7-12 tahun di SDN 03 Pondok Cina, Depok. Orang tua anak mengisi kuesioner sosiodemografi dan kuesioner sleep disturbance scale for children. Prestasi belajar didapat dari nilai rapor mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, Matematika, dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA).Hasil. Sejumlah 154 subjek melengkapi kuesioner dan didapatkan prevalensi gangguan tidur 44,8%, dengan jenis terbanyak gangguan transisi tidur-bangun (50,6%). Gangguan tidur berhubungan dengan prestasi belajar yang rendah pada pelajaran Matematika (p=0,006) dan nilai rata-rata Bahasa Indonesia, Matematika, dan IPA (p=0,025). Faktor sosiodemografi yaitu usia anak, jenis kelamin, usia ibu, pendidikan terakhir ibu, pekerjaan ibu, pendapatan ayah, pendapatan ibu, dan bentuk keluarga berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar anak.Kesimpulan. Gangguan tidur dan beberapa faktor sosiodemografi berhubungan dengan prestasi belajar anak usia sekolah.
Autism spectrum disorder screening in children aged 16-30 months using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-Revised (M-CHAT-R) Clarissa Josephine Aditya; Jenni Kim Dahliana; Ariani Dewi Widodo; Rini Sekartini
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 61 No 5 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi61.5.2021.247-52

Abstract

Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a global prevalence of 7.6 in 1,000 children. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers - Revised (M-CHAT-R) is one of many screening tools for ASD. It is fast, easy to use, and has been translated and validated in the Indonesian language. Objective To determine the prevalence of ASD in Indonesia and its risk factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to October 2020. In the first protocol (March to July 2020), 219 children aged 16-30 months from 20 hospital walk-in clinics in five districts of Jakarta were included. Subjects’ parents filled out the M-CHAT-R questionnaire during their visit. A series of questions were asked to provide information about probable risk factors associated with ASD: gender, family history of ASD, preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), and history of seizures. The second protocol (August to October 2020) was completed by parents via an online form, where 746 children aged 16-30 months were enrolled. Therefore, a total of 965 subjects were eligible for statistical analysis. Results Of 965 subjects, 56.58% were males. Subjects’ mean of age was 22.59 (SD 4.15) months. M-CHAT-R screening showed that 34 (3.52%) subjects were at high risk of developing ASD. Only male gender was significantly associated with ASD. Conclusion We screened for ASD in healthy 16-30-month-old Indonesian children. The rate of high-risk M-CHAT-R score was 3.52%. Male gender was a significant risk factor for high-risk M-CHAT-R results.
Relationship between Covid-19 Pandemic and Changes in Sleep Pattern in Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder Andintia Aisyah Santoso; Adantio Rashid Santoso; R.A. Deta Hanifah; Rini Sekartini
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Vol 10, No. 2 - Agustus 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23886/ejki.10.82.177-85

Abstract

Studies showed that COVID-19 lockdown has caused changes in sleep-wake rhythms and sleep disturbances in a large percentage of the population, related to limitation of activities. Specific populations such as ASD children were predicted to experience greater difficulties due to disruption of strictly bound daily routine. This review aimed to systematically investigate whether children diagnosed with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced any changes in their sleep patterns. We performed a journal search from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Proquest, and Scopus databases starting on January 1st 2020 until August 12th 2021. The searches were limited to study with ASD children (0-18 years) population samples without other neurodevelopmental disorders. Of 12 articles screened, 4 studies were included. Our included studies found that in ASD children there is no significant difference (p>0.05) in sleep duration changes between pre-pandemic and during the pandemic period while several sleep quality problems such as longer sleep latency, anxiety at bedtime, sleep terrors, daytime sleepiness, and night wakings showed a significant increase (p<0.05). COVID-19 pandemic is thought to disrupt children with ASD sleep patterns and multifactorial aspects need to be evaluated further. Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, children, COVID-19, pandemic, sleep patterns.   Hubungan Pandemi COVID-19 dengan Perubahan Pola Tidur pada Anak Terdiagnosis Autism Spectrum Disorder Abstrak Beberapa studi menunjukkan bahwa lockdown pada pandemi COVID-19 telah menyebabkan perubahan ritme tidur-bangun dan terjadinya gangguan tidur pada sebagian besar populasi, berkaitan dengan terbatasnya aktivitas. Populasi spesifik seperti anak dengan autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diperkirakan mengalami tantangan yang lebih besar karena adanya perubahan pada rutinitas harian yang semula sangat teratur. Tinjauan ini dibuat untuk menelusuri apakah anak ASD mengalami perubahan pola tidur selama pandemi COVID-19. Kami melakukan pencarian jurnal melalui basis data PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Proquest, dan Scopus yang dipublikasikan mulai 1 Januari 2020 hingga 12 Agustus 2021. Pencarian terbatas pada populasi sampel yakni anak dengan ASD (0-18 tahun) tanpa adanya gangguan perkembangan saraf lainnya. Dari 12 artikel terpilih, empat di antaranya memenuhi kriteria untuk dimasukkan ke dalam tinjauan ini. Studi-studi yang kami temukan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perubahan signifikan (p>0,05) pada pola tidur anak ASD sebelum pandemi dibandingkan selama pandemi sementara beberapa masalah kualitas tidur seperti latensi tidur yang lebih lama, kecemasan pada jam tidur, sleep terrors, rasa mengantuk pada pagi hari, dan terbangun di malam hari menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan (p<0,05). Pandemi COVID-19 dipikirkan dapat mengganggu pola tidur anak dengan ASD dan berbagai aspek multifaktorial perlu dipelajari lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: anak, autism spectrum dIsorder, COVID-19, pandemi, pola tidur.
Co-Authors Adantio Rashid Santoso Andintia Aisyah Santoso Ariani Dewi Widodo Asrawati Nurdin Clarissa Josephine Aditya Evan Regar Hartono Gunardi Ika Citra Dewi Jenni Kim Dahliana Nuri Indahwati R.A. Deta Hanifah William Cheng