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Connection is the weakest point of the structural building system. Structural construction building system must ensure that there is only a tensile force or just axial compression that is working on the connection. Data on the lateral design values (Z) double shear connection wood beam with nails of steel side plates for various types of tropical Indonesian wood have not studied much. Average moisture content (MC) for the main member varies from 13.3 to 22.5% while average specific gravity (r) f Sucahyo SADIYO; Naresworo NUGROHO; Surjono SURJOKUSUMO; Imam WAHYUDI
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Connection is the weakest point of the structural building system. Structural construction building system must ensure that there is only a tensile force or just axial compression that is working on the connection. Data on the lateral design values (Z) double shear connection wood beam with nails of steel side plates for various types of tropical Indonesian wood have not studied much. Average moisture content (MC) for the main member varies from 13.3 to 22.5% while average specific gravity (r) from 0.27 to 0.76 and then wood density from 0.31 to 0.89 g/cm3. From this average value of MC, SG and wood density the lowest is sengon and the highest is rasamala wood. Average allowable load of compression parallel to grain ( ) and parallel tensile ( )is sengon, but the highest is bangkirai. There is a general tendency that and is linier to r of those wood. is approximately 2 times greater than its . The number of nail (4-10 pieces) did not give effect of average Z, but with the nail diameter 4.1 to 5.2 mm Z increased significantly and this value decreased on 5.5 mm diameter nail. Average Z also increases with increasing of ρ for displacement 1.50 mm (Indonesian Standard PKKI NI-5 1961)) and 5.0 mm (breaking load). The increasing of Z happens because ρ effect. At 5.0 mm displacement the increase of Z is not as sharp as that of 1.5 mm. Power regression type is the best equation to predict Z of wood density for several diameters of nails. Keywords : Allowable load of tensile parallel to grain, density, displacement, double shear connection, lateral design values

The use of wood as a construction material is still the primary choice for most Indonesian people. For the purposes of structural construction, it would require a long span of wood, whereas stock in the market is limited, so usually it is overcomed with joint technique which can be done with type of joint and connector. Kind of joint that is needed to be considered seriously is tensile, shear and moment joint. Nail joint is relatively cheap and easy to be done. Variables which are used to see an Sucahyo SADIYO; Imam WAHYUDI; Yeyet .
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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The use of wood as a construction material is still the primary choice for most Indonesian people. For the purposes of structural construction, it would require a long span of wood, whereas stock in the market is limited, so usually it is overcomed with joint technique which can be done with type of joint and connector. Kind of joint that is needed to be considered seriously is tensile, shear and moment joint. Nail joint is relatively cheap and easy to be done. Variables which are used to see and predict the level of allowable load for a nail joint are diameter and number of nails. Therefore, the objective of this research was to know the influence from the variables to the strength of joints under uni-axial compression loading from 3 wood species. The results showed that double shear connections strength of nangka wood (allowable load per nail and also total load) has the highest value compared with rasamala and sengon. Nangka wood also reached the highest value for maximum crushing strength. Maximum crushing strength had positive relationship with double shear connections strength. Based on the result of this research, maximum crushing strength is applicable to predict the strength of nails. Keywords : allowable load, maximum crushing strength, nails, double shear connections, tensile joint

PERBAIKAN KARAKTERISTIK KAYU KELAPA HIBRIDA MELALUI METODE PEMANASAN DAN PEMADATAN . Suhasman; Sucahyo Sadiyo; Zahrial Coto
PERENNIAL Vol. 5 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Forestry Faculty of Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/perennial.v5i1.183

For optimum utilization of coconut wood, there are necessity to improve the quality of the wood caused by higroscopicity, low dimensional stability, and extreme variability of dimension in lateral direction. The purpose of the research were to analyze the characteristics of coconut wood that had been treated by heating and densification. The treatment consist of one or two hours heating, one hour heating combined to 10 or 20% densification, two hours heating combined to 10 or 20% densification. Temperature that applied for all specimen were 180 oC. The research results are as follows: (1) Heating treatment combined to densification effective to reduce higroscopicity of coconut wood, (2) Heating treatment for two hours are suffice as pretreatment to densify the soft part of coconut wood for 20%, (3) Dimensional stability of coconut wood may improve using heating combined to densification treatments that indicated by decreasing rate of dimensional change, (4) Heating and densification treatment effective to improve the hardness of soft part coconut wood. Keywords : coconut wood, heating treatment, densification References

NILAI DESAIN ACUAN SAMBUNGAN KAYU GESER GANDA DENGAN PAKU BERPELAT SISI BAJA AKIBAT BEBAN UNI-AKSIAL TEKAN MENURUT BERBAGAI ANALISIS PENDEKATAN Sucahyo Sadiyo; Naresworo Nugroho; Surjono Surjokusumo; Imam Wahyudi
PERENNIAL Vol. 6 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Forestry Faculty of Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/perennial.v6i1.191

The purposes of this research are to know the influence of woods specific gravity and nail diameter to reference design value in double shear timber connections with steel side plates nail on four species of Indonesian commercial wood according to various approximation analysis. Analysis is done to four values and it is compared with other research that has been done. This research result from testing which have done by Ziannita (2009) referred as approach of A; result of research of Sadiyo and Sriyanto (2009) and Mansur (2009) referred as approach of B; values referring at literature referred as approach of C and compressive-joint total load divided by nail amount and factor of safety referred as approach of D (Sadiyo and Sriyanto, 2009 and Mansur, 2009). Joint done by using four species of Indonesian commercial wood which is meranti merah (Shorea leprosula), mabang (Shorea pachyphylla), kempas (Koompassia malaccensis) and bangkirai (Shorea laevifolia). Nails that applied in this research are nail with diameter of 4.1 mm length of 10 cm, nail with diameter of 5.2 mm length of 12.5 cm and nail with diameter of 5.5 mm length of 15 cm. The calculation of this research is done according to National Design Specification for Wood Construction-2005. Analysis results indicate that wood specific gravity influence the strength of connection, excelsior wood specific gravity will produce high strength of connection also. This can be influenced by mechanical properties from wood such as maximum crushing strength. Bangkirai have higher specific gravity than three others wood but result approach of D shows that the connections assess reference design value which is lower compared with two other woods (kempas and mabang wood). Then, the bigger on nail diameter brings bigger strength of connection also, but this thing depends on the conditions from nail and quality of nail materials. Key words: compression loading, double shear connections, nail, reference design value, steel side plates.

PENGARUH DIAMETER DAN JUMLAH PAKU TERHADAP KEKUATAN SAMBUNGAN GESER GANDA BALOK KAYU NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus) dan RASAMALA (Altingia excelsa Noronha) DENGAN PELAT BAJA Sucahyo Sadiyo; Emma Yusrina Wulandari
PERENNIAL Vol. 8 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Forestry Faculty of Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/perennial.v8i1.213

The application of nail connection for part of the structural construction in Indonesia is still become the main choice. Connection type that must be counted on seriously for structural construction, are tension, shear and momen connection. Nangka wood is a type of woods that available in sawing or community woods work around Bogor. Rasamala is endemic and unique woods from West Java. Nails as connection are cheap, available and workable. This research objective is to investigate the effect of diameter and amount of nails to double shear connection strength on two type of woods. The results showed that the increase of diameter and amount of nail will rise the capacity of total allowable load per shear plane (RT) or double shear connection strength of nangka woods and rasamala-steel plate, but this phenomena is different for allowable load capacity per nail per shear plane (R) for both of that type. Design value for nangka wood based on diameter size 4,1; 5,2 and 5,5 mm are 261; 358 and 365 kg respectively, and for rasamala wood the design value is sligthly low, which is 227; 311 and 321 kg respectively. The minimum value becomes fundamental for determining design value of total allowable load per shear plane connection (RT) based on amount of nail (4-10), which is determined by multiply the value of certain type woods with amount of nails used. Key words: double shear, displacement, allowable load per nail per shear plane (R), total allowable load per shear plane (RT)

ANALISIS KEKUATAN SAMBUNGAN GESER GANDA ENAM JENIS KAYU PADA BERBAGAI SESARAN MENURUT DIAMETER DAN JUMLAH BAUT Sucahyo Sadiyo; Imam Wahyudi; Fengky Satria Yoresta; . Nurhasanah; Muhammad Sholihin
PERENNIAL Vol. 8 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Forestry Faculty of Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/perennial.v8i2.215

This research aims to determine the effect of double shear connection strength of six types of timber in various displacement based on diameter and the number of bolts. Six types of wood used are bangkirai, punak, meranti, sengon, bintangur and kapur. Double shear connection consists of the main member (wood) and side member (steel plate) with bolts connected. The average moisture content of sengon, meranti, bintangur and bangkirai are relatively similar (about 12 %), while kapur and punak are slightly higher at around 14 %. In contrast, the average density of six wood species are greatly vary ranging from the lowest sengon 0.26 g cm-3, to the highest 0.82 g cm-3 of bangkirai wood. The total load and load per bolt on double shear connection using bolts connector are influenced by the type of wood, diameter and number of bolts. There is a strong tendency that the higher specific gravity or density of the wood makes higher total load and load per bolt on double shear connection for each displacement. In addition, an increasing number of bolts makes the total load increased. On the other hand, it decreases load per bolts for each of bolts diameter. The use of 10 pieces of 7.9 mm diameter bolts on double shear connection for almost all type of wood produces the highest average total load compared to the other bolt diameter for both displacement 1.5 mm and 5 mm. In the same connection displacement the highest load per bolt is still obtained from using 7.9 mm bolt diameter but with the use of 4 pieces of bolts for almost all types of wood with the exception for punak and bitangur showing the highest values are obtained from 6 pieces of bolts. Bangkirai wood, kapur, punak, bintangur and meranti can be used as the main member in double shear connection by using bolt with diameter 6.4 mm, 7.9 mm and 9.5 mm because of fulfilling the requirements of PKKI (1961). Key words: Bolts, double shear connections, displacement, total load, load per bolt

Properties of Oriented Strand Board Prepared from Steam Treated Bamboo Strands under Various Adhesive Combinations Adrin Adrin; Fauzi Febrianto; Sucahyo Sadiyo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objectives of this research were to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of Oriented Strand Board (OSB) prepared from steam treated betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) strands under various adhesive combinations. The strands were steamed at 126 °C for 1 h with the pressure of 1.4 kg cm-2 prior to be blended with adhesive. Three-layered OSBs with the core layer orientation perpendicular to the face layers were prepared by bonding using 5% methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (ISO), 7% phenol formaldehyde (PF), combination of ISO:PF:ISO and PF:ISO:PF adhesives. Paraffin in amount of 1% was added as an additive. The strand ratio for face, core, and back layers was 1:1:1, respectively.The results indicated that the physical properties i.e., water absorption and thickness swelling, and mechanical properties i.e., modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity both parallel and perpendicular to the grain direction and internal bond of OSB bonded ISO and combination of ISO:PF:ISO adhesives were much better than that of bonded with combination PF:ISO:PF and PF adhesives. Almost all parameters of OSB tested in this experiment were higher than the minimum criteria requirement of CSA 0437.0 (Grade 0-2) standard, except the value of MOE perpendicular to the grain direction of OSB bonded with PF adhesive.Key words: betung bamboo, isocyanate, oriented strand board, phenol formaldehyde, steam

Characteristics Ultrasonic Waves Velocity and Anatomical Properties of Tapping Pine Maryam Jamilah; Lina Karlinasari; Sucahyo Sadiyo; Gunawan Santosa
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 13, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Non-destructive testing based on sound wave propagation has been used widely to estimate wood quality of standing trees. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the sound wave velocity in relation to pine resin productivity and resin intercellular frequency and diameter. The samples were 72 trees consisted of 36 trees which were tapped by the quarre method and 36 other trees were tapped with addition of stimulants. The speed of sound waves propagation was measured by SylvatestDuo for radial direction and longitudinal. The tapping position was determined refering to the wind direction. The resin productivity was twice for tapping with stimulant comparing to the control. The highest resin productivity was 87.31 g per harvest for tapping with stimulant and the lowest (39.86 g per harvest) for control. Statistically, there was not significant difference in sound speed for tapped position as well as for measurement before and after tapped of both radial and longitudinal testing, as well as for the anatomical properties of both of treatments. A high positive correlation was found between resin productivity and intercellular frequency for both treatments (r>0.80), however, there was not significance correlation between resin productivity and other parameters.Keywords: Pinus merkusii, resin tapping, sound wave propagation

Kajian Hubungan antara Kekuatan Sambungan Paku dengan Diameter Paku dan Berat Jenis Kayu pada Beberapa Kayu Indonesia Study on Correlation between Nail Connection Strength and Both Nail Diameter and Specific Gravity on Several Indonesian Wood Sucahyo Sadiyo; Agustina Suharti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 1 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

On a strong, stiff, and stable wood construction for structural purposes, wood connection on several elements on its constituent is generally performed. On this construction, wood connection is a critical point. The strength of this connection is affected by the strength of 3 components, i.e. the connector, the wood, and the connection type. In a truss of structural construction, element of its constituent will receive compressive or tensile loads. In a case of connection, such load is called lateral resistance. In this study, the nail and several Indonesian wood species namely Sengon, Meranti, Kamper, and Bangkirai representing the low, moderate, and high specific gravity, were utilized. Effect of the nail diameter as a connector and wood specific gravity on wood connection has been investigated.The main objective of this research was to study the correlation between nail connection strength in two types of loading (lateral and withdrawal), and both nail diameter and wood specific gravity on several Indonesian wood.Based on this study there was a positive correlation between nail diameter and wood specific gravity on lateral or withdrawal resistance. Increasing both the nail diameter and wood specific gravity, resulted in increasing the wood connection strength. Correlation model for lateral and withdrawal resistances using P as the ultimate load, D as nail diameter, and G as wood specific gravity, respectively were P = 19.95 GD2.07 and P = 38.02 G1.42D

Lateral Design Value (Z) for Various Double Shear Multi-Nailed Wood Connections with Steel Side Plates Sucahyo Sadiyo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Experiments were conducted to analyze the lateral design value (Z) for double shear wood connections using multiple nails with steel side plates of seven different Indonesian tropical wood species under uniaxial compression loading. Results showed variations in average wood moisture content (MC) for nail connections, the lowest in Kempas to the highest in Bornean Super wood. Whereas for average specific gravity (SG), density (ρ), allowable load compressive stress parallel to grain (Ftk//) and tensile stress parallel to grain (Ftr//), the lowest was in Meranti merah and highest in Bangkirai wood. Values for Ftk//, Ftr// and Z tent to be proportional to the wood’s SG or ρ. Ftr// values were 1.5 to 2 times higher than Ftk//. Pattern or parallel line distribution of average Z values among the experiments was relatively similar. The highest Z value was obtained by 5.2 mm nail followed by 5.5 mm nail for all experiments, except experiment-I (theoretical) and experiment II-B (EC5 2007). Generally, the number of nails did not provide significant effect (relatively uniform) on the average Z value double shear connections.

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