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All Journal Scientific Contribution Oil and Gas Makara Journal of Technology
Nelson Saksono
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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 1 
DEVELOPMENT OF WRIGHT BLENDING METHOD IN VISCOSITY ESTIMATION OF LIQUID-BINARY MIXTURE OF BASE OIL AND OLEFIN COPOLYMERS (OCPs) Saksono, Nelson; Subiyanto, Subiyanto; Widodo, Setyo
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 34, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : PPPTMGB "LEMIGAS"

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.34.1.642

Abstract

This study aims to develop mathematical equations used in Wright’s method to predictkinematic viscosity of liquid-binary mixture consisting of base oil and additive. The equationis developed by addition of specific constants (αi and αc), representing interaction ofeach component in the mixtures. Evaluation is done using 70 empirical data from 35 samplesderived from liquid blending of 4 types of base oils (B.1, B.2, B.3 and B.4) and olefincopolymers (OCPs), varied in the range of 5-30 % of weight. Kinematic viscosity is measuredat 40oC and 100oC using a cannon automatic viscometer series 2000 (CAV 2000)according to ASTM method D 445. Validation of the equation (Developed-Wright’s method)is performed over all of liquid-binary mixtures of base oil-OCPs, and the accuracy isindicated by percent average absolute deviation (%AAD). The results show that the additionof specific constants could minimize the deviations of estimated values. The averagedeviation of Developed-Wright’s method on kinematic viscosity estimation at 40oC and100oC becomes 2.056 % and 1.917% respectively, lower than Wright’s method which are8.341 % and 14.696%; meanwhile the maximum deviation reaches 5.821 % and 4.657%,lower than Wright’s method which are 21.256 % and 25.265% respectively. These valuesindicate that the Developed-Wright’s method has better accuracy.
Study Effect of Salt Washing Process on Content and Iodium Stability of Salt Saksono, Nelson
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 6, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Effect of Salt Washing Process on Content and Iodium Stability of Salt. Salt washing process should increase the salt quality. It should clean the salt from sludge or clay and also reduce the impurity compound such as Mg, Ca and the reductor content. The objective of these reseach is to assess the effect of washing process on the content og hygroscopic impurities compound (Ca and Mg), and reductor content of salt. The research also investigate the water absorbing, pH, KIO3 content as function of time to obtain effect of washing process on KIO3 stability in salt. The experiment result shows that the lowest content of Mg and reductor compound 0.016 % wt and 2.65 ppm respectively which is reached at the fi ne salt washing process using 27 % wt brine. The analysis of water content indicates an increase the Ca and Mg content, causing an water absorbtion in salt , However the effect on pH the is not clear.
Iodat Analysis Content in Cooking Ingredients Using Iodometry and X-ray Fluorescence Methods. Saksono, Nelson
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 6, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Iodat Analysis Content in Cooking Ingredients Using Iodometry and X-ray Fluorescence Methods. Salt iodization program using iodine fortification into salt method is the best method that is effective and economical to overcome the problems caused by iodine deficiency. However in, its development there are some issues clamed that the use of iodized salt is ineffective since iodine content reduces, even disappear when the salt mix with other cooking ingredients. In order to investigated the existence of iodine in cooking ingredients, a research applying iodometry and X-ray fluorescence methods was carry out. The result obtained by iodometry method showed decreases in iodine content in each ingredient, as chili was 75,5 %, ketumbar was 51,43 %, and pepper was 20.99 %. On the other hand, the X-ray Fluorescence measurement showed the iodat deficiency in chili was 12.84 %, ketumbar was 6.42 %, and pepper was 1.14 %. The difference in the result of iodat deficiency can be caused by difference in principle and possessed by them. Iodometry only can analyze iodine in iodat form, while in cooking ingredients iodat may exist in various compound. X-ray Fluorescence can analyze iodat in some compounds so that the complicated matrix ingredient with not interfere the measurement.
Dipole Magnetization Effect to Kerosene Characteristics Chalid, Mochamad; Saksono, Nelson; Adiwar, Adiwar; Darsono, Nono
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 9, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Dipole Magnetization Effect to Kerosene Characteristics. Investigation of kerosene characteristics has been done by ex-situ dipole magnetization. The results show that magnetization technique can be able to influence kerosene characteristics. Polarity and viscosity of the kerosene are observed by measuring refractive index and viscosity. An hour of 4330 Gauss flux magnetic will increase refractive index from 1.447 to 1.449 and decrease the viscosity from 1.278 to 1.256. Those changing support de-clustering occurrence and polarity increment of kerosene molecule. Gas chromatography and infrared result show that those changing do not alter kerosene structure and composition.
Magnetic Field Effects on CaCO3 Precipitation Process in Hard Water Saksono, Nelson; Bismo, Setijo; Krisanti, Elsa; Manaf, Azwar; Widaningrum, Roekmijati
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 10, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Magnetic Field Effects on CaCO3 Precipitation Process in Hard Water. Magnetic treatment is applied as physical water treatment for scale prevention especially CaCO3, from hard water in piping equipment by reducing its hardness. Na2CO3 and CaCl2 solution sample was used in to investigate the magnetic fields influence on the formation of particle of CaCO3. By changing the strength of magnetic fields, exposure time and concentration of samples solution, this study presents quantitative results of total scale deposit, total precipitated CaCO3 and morphology of the deposit. This research was run by comparing magnetically and non-magnetically treated samples. The results showed an increase of deposits formation rate and total number of precipitated CaCO3 of magnetically treated samples. The increase of concentration solution sample will also raised the deposit under magnetic field. Microscope images showed a greater number but smaller size of CaCO3 deposits form in magnetically treated samples, and aggregation during the processes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that magnetically samples were dominated by calcite. But, there was a significant decrease of calcite’s peak intensities from magnetized samples that indicated the decrease of the amount of calcite and an increase of total amorphous of deposits. This result showed that magnetization of hard water leaded to the decreasing of ion Ca2+ due to the increasing of total CaCO3 precipitation process.
Effects of Ph on Calcium Carbonate Precipitation Under Magnetic Field Saksono, Nelson; Yuliusman, Yuliusman; Bismo, Setijo; Soemantojo, Roekmijati W.; Manaf, Azwar
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 13, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Magnetic field effect on CaCO3 precipitation is the key parameter in evaluating the effectiveness of Anti-scale Magnetic Treatment (AMT). The purpose of this study was to investigate magnetic fields influence on CaCO3 precipitation in high and low super-saturated CaCO3 solution by varied pH CaCO3 solution using circulation flow fluid system. The observation results in the high super saturated solution (pH 8.5) showed the increase of precipited CaCO3 in magnetized solutions compared to those in non-magnetic solution during circulation process. In the low super-saturated CaCO3 solution (pH 6.4) it was found that magnetic treatment increased CaCO3 precipitation after circulation process. In high super-saturated solution, magnetic field strengthens ion interactions, which reduce precipitation during circulation process. However, in low super-saturated CaCO3 solution, magnetic field weakens hydrate ion interaction which indicated by decreasing of the conductivity of solution. It increases the precipitation of CaCO3 after the circulation of magnetization process has completed.
Formation of CaCO3 Particle and Conductivity of Na2CO3 and CaCl2 Solution Under Magnetic Field on Dynamic Fluid System Saksono, Nelson; Bismo, Setijo; Widaningroem, Roekmijati; Manaf, Azwar
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 15, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Hard water causes the CaCO3 scale formation on the pipe walls and heat exchanger equipments in industrial or domestic water processes. A great number of experimental researches on the prevention of the CaCO3 precipitation process by magnetic field have been carried out. In this research, Na2CO3 and CaCl2 solutions was magnetized in the circulated flow condition (dynamic fluid system). The velocity of fluid and the circulation time was modified to examine its influences to the magnetization process. CaCO3 content was measured by titration method of EDTA complexometry. Conductivity test was conducted to find out hydrate ion bonding. The results showed that magnetization increased the CaCO3 formation and the optimum process reaches for 10 minutes circulation on 0.554 m/s of flow rate. Magnetic field decreases the conductivities of Na2CO3 and CaCl2 solution, hence reduced the ion hydrate bonding. These results showed that magnetization on Na2CO3 and CaCl2 ionic solution was effective in controlling the CaCO3 formation by increasing CaCO3 precipitation.
The Plasma Electrolysis Phenomenon in a Two-Compartment Reactor for Chlor-Alkali Production Saksono, Nelson; Abqari, Fakhrian; Bismo, Setijo
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 17, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Chlor-alkali is one of the most important processes in the chemical industry. It produces chlorine and caustic soda, which become the main feedstock of daily products. The aim of this study is to report the phenomenon of plasma electrolysis and how it can be used in chlor-alkali production for more efficient energy consumption. When the plasma is formed, the current fluctuates and gradually declines. Plasma electrolysis begins with the process of electrolysis itself. Due to Joule heating, gas bubbles are formed and a sheath is made on both electrodes, resulting in the plasma field. Plasma electrolysis can be identified by its radical production. The higher the voltage and concentration, the greater the production of radicals. In 10 minutes or less, the number of OH radicals produced can reach 4 ppm at 400 V and 0.1 M. This amount is relatively small and is caused by other reactions consuming OH radicals to form other radicals such as chlorine. The energy consumption of plasma electrolysis in this study can reach 16 kJ/mmol Cl2 at 0.5 M NaCl solution.
Co-Authors Adiwar Adiwar Adiwar Adiwar, Adiwar Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani Azwar Manaf Bondan Ariawan, Bondan Elsa Krisanti Elsa Krisanti, Elsa Fakhrian Abqari Fakhrian Abqari, Fakhrian Mochamad Chalid Nono Darsono Nono Darsono, Nono Rahma Muthia, Rahma Ratih Tien Seratri, Ratih Roekmijati Soemantojo Roekmijati Soemantojo, Roekmijati Roekmijati W. Soemantojo, Roekmijati W. Roekmijati Widaningroem Roekmijati Widaningroem, Roekmijati Roekmijati Widaningrum Roekmijati Widaningrum, Roekmijati Setijo Bismo TATI NURHAYATI Yuliusman Yuliusman Yuliusman Yuliusman