Fauzan Saleh
STAIN Kediri

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Revitalisasi Nilai-nilai Moral Keagamaan dalam Merespon Realitas Zaman Saleh, Fauzan
ISLAMICA: Jurnal Studi Keislaman Vol 6, No 1 (2011): Islamica
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (118.748 KB) | DOI: 10.15642/islamica.2011.6.1.134-152

Abstract

Indonesia has been developed in a various ways. But there remains one field in which this country has been kept captive of, namely the field of morality. Morally speaking, the country is not improving, nor is it heading toward the right direction. It is even regressing. The regress of proper moral virtue has made this country lost its very identity and hope. The situation is worsened by the fact that the schools and universities that are supposed to play the central role in moral education have not been effective either. Religion has been presented wrongly simply as a belief system. Its aspect as moral system is partly or completely ignored. This paper is an attempt to explore this abandoned precious dimension of religion and its importance in the process of moral education. We assume that it is only through religion, to be more precise through inacting the religous morality that we can cure the social malayses, and move on with our aspiration and hope.
Is Prophethood Superfluous?Conflicting Outlook on the Necessity of Prophethood between Badiuzzaman Said Nursi and Some Muslim Philosophers Saleh, Fauzan
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 53, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2015.531.205-224

Abstract

As early as tenth century, Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (d. 925), a notable figure in Islamic philosophy, claimed that prophethood is entirely superfluous, since God imparted the gift of reason to humankind, and reason is enough to guide them. Al-Rāzī’s skeptical view sounds provocative, and thus worthy of further study. However, some other philosophers, like al-Farābī, Ibn Sīnā and Ibn Maskawaih, acknowledge the necessity of prophethood for the guidance of human life. Their idea, though formulated in different reasoning from the one held by Muslim theologians, indicates their acceptance of the authority of divine revelation. On the other hand, Said Nursi, one of the greatest Muslim reformers in the modern time, maintains that since “divine power does not leave the ant without leader, or bees without a queen, it surely would not leave mankind without prophet or code of law.” After all, the order of the world necessitates the existence of the prophets to preserve its solidity. This article will scrutinize more critically Nursi’s idea on the necessity of divine revelation that would enlighten human path to truth, to be compared with some ideas held by Muslim philosophers in discussing the relationship between reason and revelation, and its corollaries.[Filsuf besar dari abad ke-10, Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (w. 925), menyatakan bahwa diutusnya seorang nabi sebenarnya tidak perlu lagi, karena Tuhan telah menganugerahkan akal pada manusia yang akan mampu membimbing mereka. Pandangan skeptis dari al-Rāzī ini terdengar provokatif dan perlu dieksplorasi lebih lanjut. Namun, beberapa filsuf seperti al-Farabi, Ibnu Sina, dan Ibn Maskawaih mengakui perlunya nabi untuk membimbing manusia. Pandangan para filsuf ini, meski dengan nalar yang berbeda dengan para ahli teologi, mengindikasikan penerimaan terhadap otoritas wahyu ketuhanan. Di sisi lain, Said Nursi, seorang pemikir-reformis modern, menyatakan bahwa karena “kuasa Tuhan tidak pernah membiarkan sekawanan semut tanpa pemimpin, atau sekelompok lebah tanpa ratunya, maka pastilah manusia juga tidak akan dibiarkan tanpa seorang nabi atau syariat.” Lebih dari itu, tata dunia juga memerlukan kehadiran seorang nabi untuk menjaga soliditasnya. Tulisan ini akan melihat secara lebih dalam dan kritis mengenai pemikiran Said Nursi tentang pentingnya wahyu ketuhanan untuk menerangi langkah manusia menemukan kebenaran; kemudian dibandingkan dengan pandangan filsuf-filsuf muslim lainnya dalam membincang keterkaitan nalar dan wahyu dengan segala konsekuensinya.]
The Puppet Caliphs and the Titular Heads of State: the Abbasid Caliphate Under the Buyids Reign Saleh, Fauzan
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 42, No 1 (2004)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2004.421.1-33

Abstract

Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah yang berlangsung selama lima abad lebih telahmengalammi masa pasang surut dengan dinamika yang tinggi. Di masakejayaannya, kekhalifahan Abbasiyah  merepresentasikan zamankeemasan Islam dengan kemajuan peradabannya. namun dalam masasurutnya, Abbasiyah telah jatuh dalam dominasi penguasa asing,termasuk amir al-umara dari dinasti Buyid. Para penguasa militer yangmestinya tunduk kepada khalifah ini justru telah memainkan peran yangjauh lebih menentukan, bahkan lebih berkuasa dari khalifah sendiri.Hal ini terjadi karena lemahnya posisi khalifah, sehingga hampir seluruhhak dan kewenangannya di ambil alih oleh penguasa militer tersebut.Dalam kondisi seperti itu menurut al-Mawardi,khalifah seperti itu tidak berhak lagi mendudukijabatannya dan ia harus diturunkan. Namun, meskipun para khalifahAbbasiyah telah kehilangan kekuasaan eksekutifnya, mereka ternyatamasih dapat mempertahankan kedudukan mereka, bahkan hingga jauhsetelah kekuasaan dinasti Buyid itu sendiri hancur. Bagi kaum Sunni,seperti apapun bentuknya, keberadaan khalifah harus tetapdipertahankan sebagas simbol pemerintahan yang sah dan sebagaimanifestasi dari kesatuan seluruh amat Islam.