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Aplikasi Bioaktivator SuperDec dalam Pengomposan Limbah Padat Organik Tebu Didiek Hadjar Goenadi; Laksmita Prima Santi
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 34 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

The development of a suitable technology for handling sugar cane plantation's solid organic waste especially bagasse, filter mud, and trash is one of the most important concerns in the management system of sugar cane plantation. Solid organic waste of sugar cane is potentially suitable as a compost raw material processed by introducing lingocellulosic-degrading microbes, particularly Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trichoderma pseudokoningii, and Trichoderma sp. The microbes were formulated in a commercial bioactivator product namely SuperDec. The significant results have been obtained on biodegradation of trash composted by using this bioactivator. Compost maturity could be reached in 7-21 days of incubation indicated by the reductions of solid organic waste particle size and C/N ratio. Based on selected production component values of this trial, the production cost of trash-originated compost is Rp. 200,-/kg with nutrient value equivalent to Rp. 260,-/kg. Combined applications of the compost with NPK single or with NPK compound fertilizers yielded higher biomass production i.e. 28.5 and 13.3%, respectively, than that obtained from standard NPK single fertilizer application. Key words: Sugar cane plantation, solid organic waste, SuperDec, composting technology, C/N ratio, production cost

Evaluasi Aplikasi Biofertilizer EMAS pada Tanaman Jagung di Pelaihari, Kalimantan Selatan Laksmita Prima Santi; , Sumaryono; Didiek Hadjar Goenadi1
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 35 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Implementation of national food safety program to increase food production still faces some constraints. The intensification program has resulted the marginal land to be fully dependent on chemical fertilizers, where leveling-off production has occurred. Low organic matter content as a source of microbial feed and energy decreased the activity of soil microbes. Efficiency of fertilization on marginally suitable soils might be achieved by the application of biofertilizer. Enhancing Microbial Activities in the Soils (EMAS) is a biofertilizer consisting of non-symbiotic N-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing microbes, and aggregate stabilizing microbes. This experiment was initiated to evaluate the effectiveness of EMAS bio-fertilizer in reducing the dosage of conventional fertilizers used in corn at Pelaihari, South Kalimantan. Based on the current production value and total of cost production, reducing 25, 50 and 75% conventional fertilizer provided the planters with 1.44, 1.13, and 1.12 revenue cost ratio. Yield of dry grain of corn was higher (+41.8%) by application of 75% standard dosage and 1 gram EMAS biofertilizer/plant (53.3 kg/ha) than by standard dosage of conventional fertilizer. Key words: bio-fertilizer EMAS, corn, evaluation, pelaihari

BIO-SUPERPHOSPHATE (BIO-SP) APPLICATION ON SUGAR CANE (Saccharum officinarum L.) Didiek Hadjar Goenadi; Laksmita Prima Santi
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v35i1.190

The highest expense on sugarcane management is fertilization in which one of them is phosphate fertilizer produced by imported raw materials. An innovation was made by using the local phosphate deposits with low reactivity processed further to improve their effectiveness for sugarcane. The objective of this study was to investigate the growth, yield and quality of sugarcane as affected by bio-superphosphate (Bio-SP) application on a highly weathered tropical soil. A nine-month field experiment was conducted at Jatitujuh Sugar Mill area, West Java, Indonesia, comparing between sugarcane fertilized with Bio-SP to replace conventional single superphosphate (SP-36) and that fertilized with SP-36. Urea and MOP (Muriate of Potash) were applied at similar dosages as recommended by division of Jatitujuh Sugar Mill Agronomy Research. Bio-SP was formulated by reacting a Central Java Rock Phosphate with liquid culture supernatant (LCS) and phosphoric acid characterized by 33% total soluble P2O5, 23.1, and 10.7 % citric acid and water-soluble P2O5, respectively. The results indicated that Bio-SP at 50% dosage of SP-36 was as effective as the SP-36 in supporting sugarcane growth and improved yield up to 8% as crystal sugar. Further consequence of this finding is that the application of Bio-SP reduced 9.2% of fertilizer cost for sugarcane. Keywords: microbial enrichment, highly weathe-red soils, fertilizer efficiency

101 Pengaruh Inokulasi Burkholderia cenocepacia KTG terhadap Retensi Air dan Hara Tanah Typic Udipsamment Laksmita Prima Santi
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 38, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v38n2.2014.107-108

Potensi fungi pelapuk putih asal lingkungan tropik untuk bioremediasi herbisida The potential white-rot fungi native of tropical environment for herbicides bioremediation Laksmita Prima SANTI; Lisdar Idwan SUDIRMAN; Didiek Hadjar GOENADI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 75, No 1: Juni 2007
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

SummaryFungal treatment by using white-rot fungito reduce a wide variety of herbicide com-pounds is a specialized bioremediation pro-cess. A laboratory experiment was conductedto determine the ability of Phanerochaetechrysosporium, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora,and Pleurocybella porrigens and seven white-rot fungi isolated from a native of tropicalenvironment to grow on yeast malt extractglucose (YMG) agar containing highconcentration of (I) 2,4-dichlorophenoxy aceticacid, (R) glyphosate, and (G) paraquat. Thedata indicated that P. chrysosporium couldgrow on YMG media containing 5000 ppm of(I) 2,4-D, whereas BPBPI 02/04 isolate onYMG 250 ppm of (R) glyphosate or (G)paraquat. Relative values of growth inhibitionof these fungi are 81.1; 27.8; and 50.0%respectively. Biodegradation capability ofherbicides by candidate inoculants in soil-sandmedia was also determined in greenhouseexperiment by using peanut, sorghum, corn,and Borreria alata as bio-indicators. Peanutand B. alata were found to be the bestresponsive seedlings as bio-indicator on thepresence of (I) 2,4-D herbicide in soil-sandmedia.RingkasanTeknologi bioremediasi dengan fungipelapuk putih (FPP) digunakan untuk me-reduksi sejumlah senyawa herbisida. Kegiatanpenelitian yang dilakukan di laboratoriumbertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan tum-buh Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Ceripo-riopsis subvermispora, dan Pleurocybellaporrigens serta tujuh isolat FPP yang diperolehdari lingkungan tropik secara in vitro padamedium agar yeast malt extract glucose(YMG) yang mengandung (I) 2,4-dikloro-fenoksi asam asetat, (R) glifosat, dan (G)parakuat konsentrasi tinggi. Dari data yangdiperoleh, diketahui bahwa Ph. chrysosporiummemiliki kemampuan tumbuh dalam mediumpadat YMG yang mengandung 5000 ppm (I)2,4-D dan isolat BPBPI 02/04 pada 250 ppm(R) glifosat dan (G) parakuat dengan nilaihambatan pertumbuhan relatif terhadap kontrol(HPR) masing-masing 81,1; 27,8; dan 50,0%.Pengujian isolat terpilih terhadap kemampuanmendegradasi herbisida di dalam mediumtanah dan pasir juga dilakukan di rumah kacadengan menggunakan kacang tanah, sorgum,jagung, dan Boreria alata sebagai bioindikator.Kacang tanah dan B. alata memberikan responterbaik terhadap keberadaan herbisida (I) 2,4-Ddi dalam medium tanah dan pasir .

Karakteristik gugus fungsional eksopolisakarida Burkholderia cenocepacia strain KTG dalam tiga kelas tekstur tanah The characteristic of exopolysaccharide functional group of Burkholderia cenocepacia strain KTG in three soil texture classes Laksmita Prima SANTI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 79, No 2: Desember 2011
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Abstract This research was carried out to investigate the characteristics of exopolysaccharide functional groups of Burkholderia cenocepacia strain KTG originated from three different soil texture classes. This bacterium was isolated from rhizosphere of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) and has a highly potential exopolysaccharides production (4.3- 5.8 mg/mL) promoting soil aggregate formation. Fouriertransformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used for obtaining vibrational spectra of the exopolysaccharide. The bacterium was cultured in ATCC no.4 medium with a different source of carbon i.e. 2% (w/v) of sucrose, glucose, manitol, lactose, and 4-hydroxy-phenyl acetic acid as carbon sources respectively for initial characterization and then soil suspension of clay, sandy loam, and loamy sand. Analysis of the FTIR spectrum of the exopolysaccharide B. cenocepacia KTG strain both contain similar source of carbon in liquid ATCC no.14 medium and soil solution after 72 hours incubation showed intensive bands in the range of 3403-3400 cm-1 and 1651-1636 cm-1 corresponding to the stretching band of O-H (hydroxyl) and C=O (carbonyl) of exopolysaccharide. In the region 1135-993 cm-1 , exopolysaccharide of B. cenocepacia KTG strain exhibited the characteristic absorption at 1126 cm-1 corresponding to the existence of α and β configurationsAbstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik gugus fungsional eksopolisakarida Burkholderia cenocepacia strain KTG di dalam tiga kelas tekstur tanah yang berbeda. Bakteri ini diisolasi dari rizosfer kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) dan memiliki potensi menghasilkan eksopolisakarida dalam jumlah tinggi (4,3-5,8 mg/mL) untuk membentuk agregat tanah. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) digunakan untuk memperoleh gambaran spektra dari eksopolisakarida. Sebagai tahap awal karakterisasi gugus fungsional, bakteri ditumbuhkan di dalam medium ATCC no.14 dengan 2 % (b/v) sumber karbon berbeda yaitu: sukrosa, glukosa, manitol, laktosa, dan 4- hydroxyphenyl acetic acid dan diuji pula dalam larutan bahan tanah berliat, lempung berpasir, dan pasir berlempung. Hasil analisis dengan spektrum menunjukkan bahwa di dalam medium ATCC no.14 dengan jenis karbon berbeda ataupun di dalam larutan tanah setelah inkubasi 72 jam terlihat penyerapan pita yang intensif pada bilangan gelombang 3403-3400 cm-1 dan 1651-1636 cm-1 yang menandakan gugus hidroksil dan karbonil. Pada wilayah bilangan gelombang 1135-992.9 cm-1 , eksopolisakarida B. cenocepacia strain KTG menunjukkan penyerapan spesifik pada bilangan gelombang 1126 cm-1 yang menandakan konfigurasi ikatan α dan β.

Penetapan penambatan N 2 Rhizobacterium secara kuantitatif dengan teknik isotop 15 N Quantitative assessment of N 2 fixing Rhizobacterium using isotope 15 N technique Laksmita Prima SANTI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 81, No 2: Desember 2013
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

AbstractAbility to quantify the amounts of N 2 fixed in agri-cultural land is critical to manage the N cycle for optimalfood and plantation crop production. Isotope and relatednuclear technique such as 15 N isotope dilution technique hasplayed a significant role in nutrient management analysis forquantification of biological N 2 fixation. The largest pool of Nin the environment is atmospheric N 2 and it has a constantnatural abundance of 0.3663 % atom15 N. 15 N is a stableisotope of N and used as a unique tracer to evaluate thepotential of N 2 fixing bacteria, especially symbiotic and non-symbiotic Rhizobacterium. A field experiment has beeninitiated at IBRIEC to assess the N 2 fixing capacity ofrhizobacterium isolated from sandy textured soil at CentralKalimantan and evaluate the potential of bacteria N 2 fixingon corn (Zea mays). Field experiment has been conducted atCiomas Research Station, IBRIEC-Bogor for four months.The field experiment has been organized according to themethod of Randomized Complete Blocks Design with sixtreatments and three replicates. The results of this studysuggested that the method was reliable for estimation of %Ndfa as well as quantitative analysis of the amount of N fixedfrom the atmosphare. The proportion of N 2 uptake derivedfrom the atmophere was estimated as 32% of the whole plantbasis which was equivalent to approximately 4.8 kg N/ha.The inoculation of Rhizobacterium increased dry matter ofcorn leaves, roots, and grains significantly.AbstrakKemampuan penetapan jumlah N 2 yang dapat ditambatpada lahan pertanian merupakan suatu hal yang penting untukmengatur siklus N sebagai upaya mencapai tingkat produk-tivitas yang optimal di tanaman pangan dan perkebunan.Teknik isotop atau yang berhubungan dengan teknologinuklir seperti isotop 15 N memiliki peran signifikan di dalammanagemen kebun berbasis nutrisi untuk mengkuantifikasipenambatan N 2 secara biologi. Cadangan N terbesar di dalamlingkungan adalah N 2 atmosfer. Cadangan ini memilikikelimpahan alami yang stabil pada 0,3663 % atom 15 N. 15 Nmerupakan isotop yang stabil dan digunakan sebagai pelacakyang bersifat spesifik untuk mengevaluasi bakteri penambatN 2 potensial, khususnya bakteri di daerah perakaran, baikyang bersifat simbiotik ataupun non simbiotik. Penelitianterkait dengan uraian di atas telah dilakukan di BalaiPenelitian Bioteknologi Perkebunan Indonesia (BPBPI) dengan tujuan untuk menetapkan kemampuan menambatnitrogen dari Rhizobacterium yang diisolasi dari tanahtekstur berpasir asal Kalimantan Tengah serta mengevaluasipotensi bakteri dalam menambat N 2 pada tanaman jagung(Zea mays). Percobaan lapang dilakukan di Kebun PercobaanCiomas, BPBPI selama empat bulan. Kegiatan di lapangdidesain dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan enamperlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa metode isotop 15 N dapat diaplikasikan untuk mem-perkirakan persentase N 2 yang ditambat dari atmosfer (Ndfa).Proporsi N yang diambil dari atmosfer diperkirakan sebesar32% dari seluruh bagian tanaman jagung yang setara dengan4,8 kg N/ha. Perlakuan inokulasi dengan Rhizobacteriummeningkatkan bobot kering daun, akar, dan pipilan jagungsecara signifikan.

Potensi Pseudomonas fluorescens strain KTSS untuk bioremediasi merkuri di dalam tanah The Potential use of Pseudomonas fluorescens KTSS strain formercury bioremediation in the soil Laksmita Prima SANTI; Didiek Hadjar GOENADI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 77, No 2: Desember 2009
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

AbstractHeavy metals are widespread pollutants insoil and become environmental concern as theyare non-degradable and highly persistent. Solidand/or liquid wastes containing toxic heavymetals may be generated in various industrial ormining processes. A heavy metal resistantbacterium may be present in the soil and miningsite. As they already preconditioned by abundantheavy metals contaminant, the use of thesebacterium is assumed to be effective in improvingmetals reduction. To obtain bacterial isolateshighly capable of mercury (Hg) reduction,isolation activities have been conducted atselected sites of mining locations in SouthSumatera. The highly potential bacteriapossessing mercury reducing capability has beenisolated from this site i.e. Pseudomonasfluorescens KTSS strain. Inoculating of 25%(v/w) suspension of P. fluorescens KTSS strain insoil material added 5000 ppb of mercury, couldreduced about 53.3% of mercury soil contents.Best vegetative growth performance of cocoaseedlings was shown by the application of 15-15-15 NPK conventional fertilizers in combinationwith the addition of 1.6 – 3.25 g of P. fluorescensKTSS bio-ameliorant/seed. A Greenhouseexperiment results of cocoa seedlings were inconcordance with those obtained from field trialsof paddy.AbstrakLogam berat merupakan jenis polutan yangterdistribusi secara luas di dalam tanah danmendapat perhatian secara khusus karena sifatnyayang tidak dapat terdegradasi serta dapat bertahanlama di dalam lingkungan. Limbah padatdan/atau cair yang dihasilkan dari berbagai prosesindustri dan pertambangan mengandung logamberat toksik. Jenis bakteri yang resisten terhadaplogam berat mungkin berada di dalam tanah dandi lokasi tambang. Apabila bakteri tersebut dapatberadaptasi pada lingkungan dengan tingkatkontaminasi logam berat yang tinggi, makadiasumsikan bahwa penggunaan bakteri tersebutsangat efektif dalam meningkatkan reduksi logamberat. Untuk memperoleh isolat bakteri yangmemiliki kemampuan mereduksi merkuri (Hg),maka satu rangkaian kegiatan isolasi telahdilakukan di lokasi tambang terpilih di SumateraSelatan. Bakteri potensial pereduksi merkuri yangtelah diisolasi dari lokasi ini diidentifikasisebagai Pseudomonas fluorescens strain KTSS.Inokulasi sebanyak 25% (v/b) suspensi P. fluore-scens strain KTSS ke dalam bahan tanah yangtelah ditambah dengan 5000 ppb merkuri, dapatmereduksi sekitar 53,3% kandungan merkuri didalam tanah. Pertumbuhan terbaik dari bibitkakao diperoleh dari perlakuan pupuk NPK 15-15-15 yang dikombinasikan dengan 1,6 – 3,25 gbioamelioran P. Fluorescens strain KTSS/bibit.Pengujian bioamelioran P. fluorescens strainKTSS di lapang pada tanaman padi memberikanpola keefektifan yang sama dengan hasilpengujian terhadap bibit kakao yang dilakukan dirumah kaca.

Peningkatan kemantapan agregat tanah mineral oleh bakteri penghasil eksopolisakarida Aggregate stability improvement of mineral soil by exopolysaccharide-producing bacteria Laksmita Prima SANTI; Ai DARIAH; Didiek Hadjar GOENADI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 76, No 2: Desember 2008
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Summary Pseudomonas fluorescens PG7II.1, Flavobacterium sp. PG7II.2, and Pseudomonas diminuta PG7II.9 have a potential to produce exopolysaccharide which help the formation and stabilization of soil aggregate. These bacteria have been isolated from the rhizosphere of Saccharum officinarum. Exopolysaccharide production in ATCC 14 liquid medium with sucrose was higher than that obtained from glucose, lactose, and 4-hydroxyphenil acetic acid (4-HAA) as a carbon sources. Producing of exopolysaccharide from these bacteria were 8.04 (P. fluorescens PG7II.1), 2.0 (Flavo-bacterium sp. PG7II.2) and 1.82 mg/mL (P. diminuta PG7II.9). Aggregate Stability Index (ASI) of mineral soil material was 114 when inoculated by these isolates after 60 days incubation period at ambient temperature. The ASI value of inoculated mineral soil material significantly different with uninoculated. The optimum of bacterial suspension to increase aggregate stability of mineral soil material was 12.5% (v/w) consisted of 109 CFU per mL. Ringkasan Pseudomonas fluorescens PG7II.1, Flavobacterium sp. PG7II.2, dan Pseudomonas diminuta PG7II.9, memiliki potensi dalam menghasilkan eksopolisakarida untuk pem-bentukan dan kemantapan agregat tanah. Ketiga bakteri tersebut diisolasi dari rhizosfer Saccharum officinarum. Sukrosa merupakan sumber karbon terbaik untuk produksi eksopolisakarida di dalam medium cair ATCC 14 apabila dibandingkan dengan glukosa, laktosa, dan 4-hydroxyphenil acetic acid (4-HAA). Eksopolisakarida yang dihasilkan dari ketiga bakteri tersebut masing-masing 8,04 (P. fluorescens PG7II.1); 2,0 (Flavobacterium sp. PG7II.2) dan 1,82 mg/mL (P. diminuta PG7II.9). Inokulasi ketiga isolat tersebut ke dalam bahan tanah mineral memberikan indeks stabilitas agregat (ASI) sebesar 114 setelah 60 hari inkubasi pada suhu ruang. Nilai indeks ini berbeda secara nyata apabila dibandingkan dengan bahan tanah mineral tanpa inokulan. Jumlah suspensi bakteri yang diperlukan untuk meningkatkan nilai indeks stabilitas agregat di dalam bahan tanah mineral secara optimum ialah 12,5% (v/b), dengan jumlah populasi bakteri 109 CFU per mL.

Pengaruh pemberian inokulan Burkholderia cenocepacia dan bahan organik terhadap sifat fisik tanah berpasir Effect of the inoculation of Burkholderia cenocepacia and organic materials on physical properties of a sandy soil Laksmita Prima SANTI; . SUDARSONO; Didiek Hadjar GOENADI; Kukuh MURTILAKSONO; Dwi Andreas SANTOSA
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 78, No 1: Juni 2010
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

AbstractSoil aggregation is a dynamic and very important factor for the development of agricultural soil functions. Unstable soil aggregation in a sandy soil type is a limiting factor for plant growth. The aim of this study was to investigate theinfluence of a exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium and organic material on some physical properties of a sandy soil. A highly potential bacterium for exopolysaccharides production, i.e Burkholderia cenocepacia, was isolated froma sandy soil located at Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan. The isolated bacterium is capable on improving aggregate’s stability of a soil with about 60% sand fraction [medium sand fraction (MSF)]. Interaction between available water and electric conductivity with aggregate stability index has significant correlation in medium sand fraction inoculated by 109 CFU of B. cenocepacia suspension, i.e. r = 0.806* and r=0.966**, respectively. Organic materials and its combination with the addition of 108 CFU B. cenocepacia suspension treatments could increase the aggregate stability index but have no effects on bulk density and total pore space values in an artificial condition of medium sand fraction. AbstrakAgregasi tanah bersifat dinamis dan merupakan faktor penting untuk pengembangan fungsi tanah pertanian. Ketidakstabilan agregat tanah pada jenis tanah berpasir merupakan faktor pembatas untuk pertumbuhan tanaman.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh eksopolisakarida bakteri dan bahan organik terhadap beberapa sifat fisik bahan tanah berpasir. Satu bakteri potensial penghasil eksopolisakarida yaitu Burkholderia cenocepacia telah berhasil diisolasi dari bahan tanah berpasir asal Kotawaringin Barat, Kalimantan Tengah. Bakteri ini dapat meningkatkan kemantapan agregat bahan tanah dengan kandungan fraksi pasir sekitar 60% [fraksi pasir sedang (FPS)]. Hubungan antara air tersedia dan konduktivitas elektrik terhadap indeks kemantapan agregat sangat nyata pada bahan tanah FPS yang diinokulasi dengan 109 CFU suspensi B. cenocepacia masing-masing r = 0,806* dan = 0,966**. Perlakuan bahan organik dan kombinasinya dengan penambahan 109CFU suspensi B. cenocepacia dapat meningkatkan indeks kemantapan agregat tetapi tidak mempengaruhi nilai kerapatan lindak dan total ruang pori di dalam fraksi pasir sedang.

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