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PENGGANTIAN ALAT PENDUKUNG REAKTOR ANAEROBIK DUA TAHAP GUNA MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HASIL BIOGAS Fitrianie, Alviera Wilma; Budiastuti, Herawati; Ghozali, Mukhtar; Wahyuni, Elis Sri
Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 4, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Teknologi Terapan
Publisher : P3M Politeknik Negeri Indramayu

BOD/COD ratio of leachate is 0.6 so it fulfils requirement for anaerobic treatment. Leachate is potentially to be treated, however leachate is commonly treated by aeration before it is discharged. To avoid environmental pollution and to optimize treatment, leachate can be treated anaerobically to produce biogas. Two-stage anaerobic reactors are considered to be more effective and efficient in degrading organic substances in leachate. This study aims to evaluate the reactors built to increase degradation efficiency and composition of CH4 contained in biogas. To improve reactor’s performance, the feed tank replacement, leackage check, and gas holder replacement were conducted. Leachate was obtained from Sarimukti Padalarang, West Bandung and starter, cow rumen, was obtained from a slaughter house in Ciroyom, Bandung. The value of pH in the 1st reactor (R1) was in the range of 5-6.5 and in the 2nd reactor (R2) was 7-8. Acidic pH range allows the occurrence of hydrolysis and acetogenesys, meanwhile the normal pH range allows the occurrence of methanogenesys. Analysis parameters were COD, BOD, pH, and composition of CH4 in biogas. CH4 produced within 45 days, COD degradation efficiency, and maximum CH4 composition were 2 liters, 86.9%, and 24%, respectively. CH4 was started to be produced after day 18.

Tofu Wastewater Treatment by using Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) with Variation of Feeding Rates Herawati Budiastuti; Ririn Rismawati; Luthfiana Nurfauziah; Laily Isna Ramadhani; Emma Hermawati Muhari
Rekayasa Hijau : Jurnal Teknologi Ramah Lingkungan Vol 5, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Nasional, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26760/jrh.v5i3.197-206

ABSTRAKLimbah cair tahu dari industri tahu di Kabupaten Bandung Barat memiliki kandungan senyawa organik yang tinggi. Salah satu sistem pengolahan air limbah yang dapat dilakukan secara efektif adalah Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peforma terbaik SBR dalam meningkatkan efisiensi pengolahan limbah cair tahu. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pembibitan (seeding), aklimatisasi, dan sistem SBR dengan tahapan variasi kecepatan pengumpanan. Kecepatan pengumpanan SBR pada saat pembibitan (seeding), aklimatisasi, dan running 1 sebesar 200 ml/hari dan sebesar 400 ml/hari pada saat running 2. Hasil penelitian ini memperoleh penurunan konsentrasi COD terbaik dari 8.000 mg/L menjadi 96 mg/L diperoleh pada running 1 dan penurunan konsentrasi COD dari 8.000 mg/L menjadi 160 mg/L diperoleh pada running 2. Efisiensi tertinggi yang dihasilkan adalah 98,8% pada running 1 dan 98% pada running 2.Kata kunci : Limbah cair tahu, Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), Kecepatan Pengumpanan ABSTRACTTofu wastewater collected from the tofu industries in West Bandung Regency has a high organic content. One of the wastewater treatment systems that can be applied effectively is the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) system. The purpose of this study was to find out the best performance of SBR in improving the efficiency of tofu wastewater treatment. This study conducted seeding, acclimatization, and SBR system that varied the feeding rates to find optimum value. The SBR feeding rate at the times of seeding, acclimatization, and running 1 amounted to 200 ml/day and amounted to 400 ml/day at the time of running 2. The results of this study were the best reduction in COD concentration from 8,000 mg/L to 96 mg/L obtained in the first running and reduction in COD concentration from 8,000 mg/L to 160 mg/L obtained in 2nd running. The highest efficiency produced was 98.8% on the first running 1 and 98% obtained from the 2nd running.Keywords: Tofu Wastewater, Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), Feeding Rates

PENGGANTIAN ALAT PENDUKUNG REAKTOR ANAEROBIK DUA TAHAP GUNA MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HASIL BIOGAS Mukhtar Ghozali; Herawati Budiastuti; Alviera Wilma Fitrianie; Elis Sri Wahyuni
Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 4, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Teknologi Terapan
Publisher : P3M Politeknik Negeri Indramayu

BOD/COD ratio of leachate is 0.6 so it fulfils requirement for anaerobic treatment. Leachate is potentially to be treated, however leachate is commonly treated by aeration before it is discharged. To avoid environmental pollution and to optimize treatment, leachate can be treated anaerobically to produce biogas. Two-stage anaerobic reactors are considered to be more effective and efficient in degrading organic substances in leachate. This study aims to evaluate the reactors built to increase degradation efficiency and composition of CH4 contained in biogas. To improve reactor’s performance, the feed tank replacement, leackage check, and gas holder replacement were conducted. Leachate was obtained from Sarimukti Padalarang, West Bandung and starter, cow rumen, was obtained from a slaughter house in Ciroyom, Bandung. The value of pH in the 1st reactor (R1) was in the range of 5-6.5 and in the 2nd reactor (R2) was 7-8. Acidic pH range allows the occurrence of hydrolysis and acetogenesys, meanwhile the normal pH range allows the occurrence of methanogenesys. Analysis parameters were COD, BOD, pH, and composition of CH4 in biogas. CH4 produced within 45 days, COD degradation efficiency, and maximum CH4 composition were 2 liters, 86.9%, and 24%, respectively. CH4 was started to be produced after day 18.

Efektivitas Biji Kelor sebagai Koagulan Alami pada Pengolahan Limbah Cair Tahu Melalui Proses Anaerobik-Aerobik Laily Isna Ramadhani; Yurike Dwiayu Rahmaningsi; Nanda Ravenia Amanda; Herawati Budiastuti
Fluida Vol 13 No 1 (2020): FLUIDA
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v13i1.2060

ABSTRAK Limbah cair tahu merupakan salah satu limbah cair dengan kandungan organik yang tinggi dan berpotensi merusak lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan dua metode pengolahan dengan mengkombinasikan metode pengolahan biologi dan proses koagulasi-flokulasi menggunakan koagulan alami, biji kelor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh dosis dan ukuran partikel koagulan terbaik. Dosis biji kelor divariasikan dari 1.000, 2.000, 3.000, dan 4.000 ppm. Dosis terbaik digunakan untuk menentukan ukuran partikel koagulan terbaik dengan variasi ukuran 250, 500, 1.000, dan 2.000 µm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis biji kelor terbaik untuk metode 1 (aerobik dan koagulasi flokulasi) adalah 2.000 ppm dan untuk metode 2 (kombinasi anaerobik-aerobik dan koagulasi flokulasi) adalah 4.000 ppm. Ukuran partikel terbaik yaitu 500 µm untuk kedua metode dengan efisiensi penurunan kekeruhan sebesar 94,57% untuk efluen metode 1 dan 78,28% untuk efluen metode 2. Kata kunci: Limbah cair tahu, biji kelor,koagulan alami, koagulasi- flokulasi ABSTRACT Tofu wastewater is one of the pollutant wastewater that potentially cause the serious damage to the environment due to its high organic content. The combination of biology method in the help of microorganism and coagulation-flocculation method using kelor seed were applied in this study. This research aims were determining the best dose and the optimum size of coagulant. Doses variation were 1,000, 2,000, 3,000 and 4,000 ppm of coagulant. The best dose resulted would be used to determine the optimum size of coagulant by variating 250, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 µm. The result showed that 2,000 ppm was the best coagulant dose for the first method (aerobic and coagulation-flocculation method) and 4,000 ppm was the optimum dose for the second method (combination of anaerobic-aerobic and coagulation-flocculation method). 500 µm was determined as the optimum particle size of the coagulant for both methods with % removal turbidity level were 94,57% for the first method and 78,28% for the second method. Keywords:Tofu wastewater, kelor seed, natural coagulant, coagulation-flocculation

Penyisihan Kadar Amoniak dalam Limbah Cair Industri Pupuk Menggunakan Sequencing Batch Reactor Robby Sudarman; Herawati Budiastuti; Nancy Siti Djenar; Efniarsi S. Panggalo; Ajie Nurhasyim
Fluida Vol 13 No 2 (2020): FLUIDA
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v13i2.2264

ABSTRAK Sifat toksik nitrogen amoniak dalam limbah cair berbahaya bagi kehidupan sehingga perlu untuk dihilangkan. Pada penelitian ini penyisihan kadar amoniak yang tinggi dalam limbah cair industri pupuk dilakukan melalui proses nitrifikasi dan denitrifikasi menggunakan Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). Dua reaktor SBR digunakan dimana pada reaktor pertama (R1) dilakukan pengadukan dan pada reaktor kedua (R2) dilakukan aerasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pembebanan 0,787 mg amoniak/L/hari dan Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) 20 hari, efisiensi penyisihan kadar amoniak mampu dicapai pada kisaran 71,26%-90,91% (R1) dan 62,32% -92,21% (R2). Pengukuran pH pada HRT 20 hari berada pada rentang 8,25-8,65 pada R1 dan pH 8,34-8,73 pada R2. Pada HRT 15 hari, efisiensi penyisihan kadar amoniak efluen pada R1 menurun yaitu dari 90,89 % menjadi 86,81% dan pada R2 menurun dari 90,59% menjadi 40,99 %. Pada HRT 15 hari, efisiensi penyisihan kadar amoniak pada R1 lebih baik dibandingkan pada R2 yang disebabkan adanya penambahan aerasi pada R1 di akhir penelitian. Kata kunci: amoniak, limbah cair, industri pupuk, sequencing batch reactor ABSTRACT The toxic nature of ammonia nitrogen in liquid waste is dangerous for life, so it needs to be eliminated. In this study, the removal of high ammonia levels in the fertilizer industry wastewater was carried out through a process of nitrification and denitrification using the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). Two SBR reactors were used where the first reactor (R1) was stirred and the second reactor (R2) was aerated. The results showed that at a load of 0.787 mg of ammonia/L/day and 20 days of Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT), the efficiencies of removal of ammonia levels were achieved in the range of 71.26%-90.91% (R1) and 62.32%- 92.21% (R2). The pH measurements at 20 days of HRT were in the range of 8.25-8.65 at R1 and pH 8.34-8.73 at R2. At 15 days of HRT, the effluent ammonia level removal efficiency at R1 decreased from 90.89% to 86.81% and at R2 decreased from 90.59% to 40.99%. At 15 days of HRT, the efficiency of ammonia level removal at R1 was better than that in R2 due to the addition of aeration to R1 at the end of the study. Keywords: ammonia, liquid waste, fertilizer industry, sequencing batch reactor

DISEMINASI ALAT PROSES PENGERING SURYA (SOLAR DRYER) UNTUK INDUSTRI PRODUK MAKANAN PADA UMKM BINAAN PEMERINTAH KOTA CIMAHI Tina Mulya Gantina; Annisa Syafitri Kurniasetiawati; Yanti Suprianti; Rusmana; Sapto Prayogo; Herawati Budiastuti
Jurnal Difusi Vol 4 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Difusi
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat Jurusan Teknik Konversi Energi (JTKE) bersama dengan pihak Pemerintah Kota Cimahi - Dinas Perdagangan Koperasi UKM dan Perindustrian Kota Cimahi berkoordinasi dalam upaya mendukung pengembangan usaha kecil dan menengah yang berasal dari jenis kelompok usaha penyediaan makanan lainnya. Salah satu pengusaha yang termasuk dalam jenis kelompok usaha tersebut adalah produsen makanan olahan dari labu dengan nama usaha “Roemah Labu”. “Roemah Labu” telah memiliki pasar yang cukup luas serta produk yang konsisten yaitu pangsit labu dan dodol labu. Saat ini “Roemah Labu” sangat memerlukan alat pengering untuk mendukung proses produksi keripik labu (dalam tahap pengembangan) dan berbagai produk makanan olahan dari limbah bahan baku labu, yaitu kulit dan biji labu untuk menambah varian produknya. Adapun jenis pengering yang coba didiseminasikan merupakan sebuah alat pengering surya sederhana dengan tujuan untuk memperbaiki kualitas proses produksi dari segi higienitas maupun kuantitas varian produk. Alat pengering surya (Solar Dryer) dirancang agar independen dari sumber energi selain panas matahari. Alat pengering ini terdiri atas dua bagian utama, yaitu ruang pengering dengan lima susun tray berukuran 60 x 60 cm dan solar collector berukuran 1.05 x 1.3 m. Banyaknya produk labu tambahan yang dapat dihasilkan dalam satu kali produksi dari setiap kg labu, yaitu 111 gram kulit labu kering (cuaca cerah), 29 gram kulit labu kering (cuaca hujan), dan 34 gram biji labu kering/ matang.

Non-Edible Moringa Oleifera Seeds for Environmentally Friendly Biodiesel – A Review Miranti Nur Arafah; Raden Sukmawati; Hasna Mutiara Safitri; Herawati Budiastuti
Rekayasa Hijau : Jurnal Teknologi Ramah Lingkungan Vol 5, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Nasional, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26760/jrh.v5i1.79-90

ABSTRAKKetersediaan bahan bakar fosil semakin lama semakin berkurang. Hal tersebut menyebabkan dibutuhkannya pengganti bahan bakar alternatif yaitu biodiesel. Minyak biji kelor memiliki potensi sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel, karena kandungan asam oleatnya yang tinggi yaitu 75,36 –87,49%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pembuatan biodiesel, penggunaan katalis heterogen serta pengaruh parameter operasi terhadap hasil dan kualitas biodiesel dari minyak biji kelor dengan metode studi literatur. Tahapan yang dilakukan dalam studi literatur ini adalah pengumpulan, pemisahan dan analisis artikel jurnal serta perumusan pembahasan dan kesimpulan. Pembuatan biodiesel minyak biji kelor dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan proses, yaitu pengambilan minyak dari biji, proses esterifikasi-transesterifikasi dan pemurnian biodiesel. Parameter operasi yang paling berpengaruh dalam menghasilkan biodiesel minyak biji kelor adalah rasio molar metanol dan minyak, konsentrasi katalis, waktu reaksi dan temperatur reaksi. Penggunaan katalis heterogen mampu menghasilkan yield biodiesel minyak biji kelor yang tinggi yaitu rata-rata lebih besar dari 90%. Biodiesel minyak biji kelor telah sesuai dengan standar nasional (SNI 7182 : 2015) dan internasional (ASTM D6751 dan EN 14214)Kata Kunci: Biodisel Minyak Biji Kelor, Katalis Heterogen, Parameter Operasi, Karakteristik Biodiesel. ABSTRACTThe availability of fossil fuels is decreasing over time. This causes the need for an alternative fuel substitute, namely biodiesel. Moringa oleifera seeds are the raw material for making Moringa seed oil, used as raw material for making biodiesel. This is due to its high oleic acid contents, in the range of 75,36% - 87,49% the objectives of this study are to observe the production of biodiesel from Moringa seed oil, the use of heterogeneous catalysts in the production of Moringa seed oil biodiesel, the effect of operating parameters on the yield and quality of biodiesel produced. Literature study was done in this research, including the collection of journal articles, separation and analysis of journal articles, as well as the formulation of discussions and conclusions. Based on this study, there are several stages in the production of Moringa seed oil biodiesel, namely extracting oil from the seeds, esterification- transesterification, and refining of biodiesel. Operating parameters affect the manufacture of Moringa seed oil biodiesel. The most influential operating parameters are the molar ratio of methanol and oil, catalyst concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature. The use of heterogeneous catalysts is able to produce a high yield of Moringa seed oil biodiesel, which is on average greater than 90%. Moringa seed oil biodiesel complies with both national (SNI 7182: 2015) and international (ASTM D6751 and EN 14214) standardr.Keywords: Moringa Seed Oil, Biodiesel, Heterogeneous Catalyst, Operating Parameters

Biodiesel Production from Rubber Seed Oil as An Alternative Energy Source – A Review Herawati Budiastuti; Nira Aulia Hanifah; Devita Utami Mardiani; Haryadi Haryadi; Rusdianasari Rusdianasari; Ahmad Fudholi
Jurnal Internasional Penelitian Teknologi Terapan Vol 3 No 2 (2022): October 2022
Publisher : Bandung State Polytechnic (Politeknik Negeri Bandung)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/ijatr.v3i2.92

Biodiesel is one of alternative energies that can be used to overcome problem caused by limited amount of fossil fuels reserved. Biodiesel can be made from rubber seed oil that has high potencies in Indonesia. The availability of rubber seed is quite much with more than 3-million-hectare rubber plantation area. The production of biodiesel from rubber seed oil has been carried out by several researchers using various methods. Therefore, this study was conducted as a review to obtain optimum operation conditions and effect of antioxidant addition in biodiesel production. Production methods of biodiesel from rubber seed oil observed in this study are esterification-transesterification, one stage transesterification, and in situ transesterification methods. Types of antioxidant added to biodiesel from rubber seed oil observed are TBHQ, D-TBHQ, BHA, BHT, PG, and OG. Esterification-transesterification was chosen as the most effective method in producing biodiesel with a minimum yield of 96.4%. Antioxidant addition of TBHQ with 1000 × 10-6 (ω) dosage was selected as the most effective to increase biodiesel induction period to become 6.41 hours, fulfilling the SNI 7182-2015 standard, which is minimum of 6 hours. Standard used as the reference for observing biodiesel parameters is SNI 7182-2015.

Effect of Fermentation Time on the Production of Ambon Banana Weevil Waste Bioethanol Herawati - Budiastuti; Salma Indana Zulfa; Nova Sihombing; haryadi haryadi; Emma Hermawati Muhari; Bambang Soeswanto; Endang Widiastuti; Pratap Pullammanappallil
Jurnal Internasional Penelitian Teknologi Terapan Vol 4 No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Bandung State Polytechnic (Politeknik Negeri Bandung)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/ijatr.v4i1.110

The increase in population in Indonesia is directly proportional to the increase in the use of vehicles which results in an increase in fuel demand. The amount of fossil fuels continues to decrease and cannot be renewed, so alternative energy is needed, one of which is bioethanol. This study aims to make bioethanol from banana weevil waste, to determine the effect of fermentation time on the concentration of banana weevil bioethanol and to determine the concentration of bioethanol after going through the purification stage. The production of banana weevil bioethanol begins with the process of cutting the banana weevil which is then mashed with the help of water and then squeezed and starch is obtained and then hydrolyzed with the addition of glucoamylase and alpha-amylase enzymes for further anaerobic fermentation with the help of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a concentration of 25%. In this study, variations of fermentation time were carried out for 5, 7, 9, and 10 days. The best fermentation time was obtained from 9 days of fermentation, where the conversion of glucose to bioethanol was 51%. The results of the analysis using a refractometer showed that the concentration of bioethanol obtained was 16.20% (v) which was obtained from fermentation for 9 days and purification using a rotary evaporator at a pressure of 360 mbar and a temperature of 500C.

Seeding and Acclimatization for Aerobic Processing of Restaurant Wastewater with Sequencing Batch Reactor Herawati Budiastuti; Laily Isna Ramadhani; Sudrajat Harris Abdulloh; Ananda Dea Maharani; Melina Melina; Robby Sudarman
Fluida Vol 16 No 1 (2023): FLUIDA
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v16i1.4521

Restaurant wastewater has a relatively high organic matter content, so it needs to be treated to meet the specified quality standard. One of the technologies that can be used in restaurant wastewater treatment is Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) technology. The purpose of this study is to set up an aerobic SBR system with seeding and acclimatization treatments to reduce the amount of organic matter in restaurant wastewater when a shock load occurs. The research was done using wastewater from a restaurant in Bandung and activated sludge from the food industry in Bogor as seeds for microorganisms. In this study, the seeding process was carried out by introducing 25% activated sludge and 75% nutrients into the reactor, and the acclimatization process was carried out by introducing a specific ratio of nutrients and wastewater into the reactor gradually until the waste concentration reached 100%. The parameters tested were COD, MLVSS, DO, pH, and temperature. During the seeding procedure, the initial COD value of 3,200 mg/L declined. It began to stabilize on the seventh day, with a COD value of 1,080 mg/L. The COD removal reached a relatively stable condition in the acclimatization process starting on day 2, where COD decreased from the original 1,280 mg/L to 480 mg/L.

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