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A study of inoculation route and dosage levels on embryonated chicken eggs as media for testing tea mistlestoe (Scurrula oortiana) extract activity Murtini, Sri; Murwarni, R; Satrija, F; Malole, M.B.M
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 11, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Tea mistlestoe extract (Scurrula oortiana) has cytotoxic activity which is potential to be used in preventing viral induced-chicken tumor. The following study was designed to evaluate the effects of different inoculation routes, dosage levels, and strains of embryonated chicken eggs as media for testing the tea mistlestoe extract (Scurrula oortiana) antiviral activity. Proper inoculation route was examined by inoculation of the extract at dose level of 0,2 mg/egg into embryonated layer eggs via allantoic cavity, chorio-allantoic membrane, and yolk sac. Effect of dose level of tea mistlestoe extract on embryo development was examined in groups of embryonated broiler eggs inoculated with the extract at 0.02, 0.2, 2, 20, or 200 mg/egg. Inoculation of tea mistlestoe extract into allantoic cavity was the safest procedure as indicated by the absence of embryos mortality, and faster embryo growth compared to those of chorio-allantoic membrane and yolk sac-inoculated eggs. The extract induced different growth effects when inoculated into embryonated layer or broiler eggs. Administration of the extract at dose levels between 0,02â200 mg/egg reduced significantly the weight of broiler embryoes, but not the relative weights of liver, heart and spleen. Administration of similar dosage in layer embryoes did not cause any significant difference in the embryoes weight. This study suggests that the study of antiviral activity of tea mistlestoe extract in embryonated chicken eggs should be carried out on embryonated eggs of layer breeds and the extract should be inoculated via allantoic cavity. Key Words: Scurrula oortiana, Embryonated Chicken Eggs, Enti Viral Activity

Immunomodulatory effect of tea mistletoe (Scurrula oortiana) extract on chicken embryos Murtini, S; Murwanti, R; Satrija, F; Hadnharyani, E
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 11, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Tea mistletoe is one of medicinal herb which believed has an anticancer activity, itâs due to the capability of immunostimulator. The following research was carried out to determine the immunomodulatory effect of tea mistletoe (Scurrula oortiana) extract on chicken embryos. Twenty White Leghorn Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) 10 days old embryonated chicken eggs were divided into four groups of 5 eggs. The first group served as control and they were inoculated with aquabidestilate sterile. The second, third and fourth group was inoculated with 0.1 mg, 0.2 mg, and 0.4 mg S. oortiana extract/egg respectively. S. oortiana extract was inoculated via allantoic cavity. All experimental eggs were incubated at 37oC until day 21 and incubation was terminated before the embryos hatched. The embryos and the lymphoid organs (bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen) were weighed. Immunomodulatory effect of tea mistletoe extract was measured by counting the percentage of bursa of Fabricius active lymphoid follicle and the area of thymus medulla. The results showed tea mislestoe extract at the dose of 0.1mg, 0.2 mg and 0.4 mg have immunomodulatory effect on chicken embryos indicated by the increase of percentage of active lymphoid follicle of bursa Fabricius i.e. 68.8, 71.8 and 57.8% and increase area of thymus medulla i.e. 24.9 â 39.3% respectively compared to control group i.e. 22.6% of active lymphoid follicle of bursa Fabricius and 17.6% of thymus medulla area. It is concluded that S. oortiana extract at the dose of 0.1mg, 0.2 mg and 0.4 mg have immunomodulatory effect on chicken embryos. Key Words: Scurrula oortiana, Tea Mistletoe, Embryonated Chicken Egg, Immunomodulator

Effect of Ascaridia galli infection on histopathologic description, size of small intestines villi surface and body weight change in starters Zalizar, L; F, Satrija; R, Tiuria; Astuti, D.A
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 11, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Nematode Ascaridia galli is an important parasitic disease in poultry and is responsible for considerable economic losses in retarded growth and lowered egg production. The effects of A. galli infection based on histopathologic description, size of small intestines villi surface and body weight change in starters was investigated. One hundred and thirty five day old chicks (DOC) were divided into three groups for three levels of infection dose rate (0,800 and 8000 infective eggs) with 3 replications of 45 DOC each. Infections were carried out every week respectively from week 2th until week 5th. Results showed that the infection of A. galli caused degeneration and necroses in villi ephitelial cells and crypts of small intestine and infiltration of leucocytes. In the heavy infection group some epithelial cells were replaced by fibrocytes. A. Â galli infection decreased daily body weight gain of starter lower (5.5% in light and 13.4% in heavy dosage infection) compared to that of the non infected group. After six weeks of heavy infection the size of small intestine villi surface was decreasing to 20.0%, while the daily body weight gain was decreasing to 12.3% compared to that of the non infection group. Key words: Ascaridia galli, Starter, Productivity

Effect of different Dosage Infection Ascaridia galli and Piperazine Treatment on Total Worm and Layersâ Body Weight Zalizar, L; Satrija, F
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 11, No 3 (2009): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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The aim of this research was to study effect of different dosage Infection Ascaridia galli (A. galli) and anthelmintic piperazineÂ treatment to total worm and layersâ body weight. The research was based on Randomized Completely Design with Factorial (3x2) pattern. The first factor was A. galli infected dosage (0, 200x 4 and 2000x 4 infective eggs) and the second was anthelmintic treatments (without and with piperazine treatment). The result showed that until 6 weeks after infection, only larvae were found in chicks, the adult and egg worms were not found.Â The infection dosages and piperazine treatment influenced the larvae total. Larvae total in light and heavy dose infection that had piperazine treatment lower than group without piperazine. The infection dosages and piperazine treatment influenced body weight two and four weeks after the anthelmintic treatment. Body weight in group with heavy dose infection after two and four weeks had piperazine treatment were higher than group that had heavy dose infection but without Â the anthelmintic medication. Body weight in group with light and heavy dose infection after four weeks had piperazine treatment were not difference with group without infection. The piperazine effication to larvae only reached 69% (ineffective) in light dose and 85% (moderate effective) in high dose infection. (Animal Production 11(3): 176-182 (2009)Â Key Words: Infection dose, Ascaridia galli, piperazine, warm, Â layersâ body weight

Response of Chicken that Having Experience Infection of Ascaridia galli to Re-infection and itâs Implication to Productivity and Quality of Eggs Zalizar, L; Satrija, F; Tiuria, R; Astuti, DA
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 9, No 2 (2007): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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The aimed of this research was to find out the effect of infection experience of Ascaridia galli on productivity and eggs qualities. The research was held in Helminthology Laboratory, Veterinary Faculty and Animal Production Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bogor Institute of Agriculture. The research was based on a Randomized Completely Design. Â The treatments were P0 = without infection ; P1 = have been infected with Â 200 infectiveÂ eggs A. galli every chick every week ( 8, 15, 22 and 30 days old chick) and re-infected with 500 infected eggs at 18 weeks old; P2= chicks withÂ no infection experience at starter period, and infected with 500 infected eggs at laying period. The productivity and quality of eggs were examined. The results showed that infection experience of Ascaridia galli influenced the layer productivity and their eggs qualities. The experience of A. galli infection several times with light dosage at starter period (P1) made the layers more resistance to re-infection by the parasite in the laying period. Consumption and conversion of feed, eggs weight, shell thickness and calcium concentration of P1 was not significant difference with control group (P0). First A. galli infection in layer period in group without experience of A. galli infection before (P2), have showed that, compare with the control group (P0), the feed conversion of P2 was 15.78% higher (P<0.01), eggs weight of P2 was lighter 5.35% (P<0.05), the shell thickness of P2 eggs was lower 5.55% (P<0.05), the calcium concentration in serum was lower 36.26% (P<0.05). Beside that the color of eggs yolk in infected (P1 and P2) group more colorless (11.63%) than control group. A. galli (P<0.01). Ascaridia galli infection has no effects on Haugh Unit Value, titer serum protein and eggs protein. (Animal Production 9(2): 92-98 (2007)Â Key Words : Infection experience, Ascaridia galli, productivity of layer, eggs qualities

Efektivitas Anticestoda Ekstrak Daun Miana (Coleus blumei Bent) terhadap Cacing Hymenolepis microstoma pada Mencit Y Ridwan; F Satrija; L K Darusman; F Handharyani
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 1 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Coleus blumei is a herbal plant used in the traditional medicine in Indonesia to expel the intestinal worm infections. Previous in vitro study showed that ethanol extract had the strongest anticestode activity compared to chloroform, hexane and aquaous extracts. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectivity of anticestode of ethanol leaves extract againts Hymenolepis microstoma infections in mice. The plant extract was tested against H. microstoma infections in the single doses of 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg kg-1 body weight. Dose were administered to H. microstoma infected mice for 3 consecutive days. The efficacy of the leave extract was determined in terms of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) and worms reduction at necropsy. The results showed that the efficacy of leaves extract was dose dependent. The maximum efficacy of leave extract was observed with 2000 mg/kg dose reducing the EPG and worm counts by 55.46%-69.75% and 63.83% respectively. The standard anticestodal drug, praziquantel at 25 mg/kg single dose revealed 100% reduction in both of EPG and worm counts. The study suggests that the leaves extract of C. blumei possesses significant anticestodal efficacy and supports its use in traditional medicine. Key words: anticestode, Coleus blumei extract, Hymenolepis microstoma

Effect of Ascaridia galli infection on histopathologic description, size of small intestines villi surface and body weight change in starters L Zalizar; Satrija F; Tiuria R; D.A Astuti
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 11, No 3 (2006): SEPTEMBER 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Nematode Ascaridia galli is an important parasitic disease in poultry and is responsible for considerable economic losses in retarded growth and lowered egg production. The effects of A. galli infection based on histopathologic description, size of small intestines villi surface and body weight change in starters was investigated. One hundred and thirty five day old chicks (DOC) were divided into three groups for three levels of infection dose rate (0,800 and 8000 infective eggs) with 3 replications of 45 DOC each. Infections were carried out every week respectively from week 2th until week 5th. Results showed that the infection of A. galli caused degeneration and necroses in villi ephitelial cells and crypts of small intestine and infiltration of leucocytes. In the heavy infection group some epithelial cells were replaced by fibrocytes. A. galli infection decreased daily body weight gain of starter lower (5.5% in light and 13.4% in heavy dosage infection) compared to that of the non infected group. After six weeks of heavy infection the size of small intestine villi surface was decreasing to 20.0%, while the daily body weight gain was decreasing to 12.3% compared to that of the non infection group. Key words: Ascaridia galli, Starter, Productivity

Immunomodulatory effect of tea mistletoe (Scurrula oortiana) extract on chicken embryos S Murtini; R Murwanti; F Satrija; E Handharyani
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 11, No 3 (2006): SEPTEMBER 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Tea mistletoe is one of medicinal herb which believed has an anticancer activity, it’s due to the capability of immunostimulator. The following research was carried out to determine the immunomodulatory effect of tea mistletoe (Scurrula oortiana) extract on chicken embryos. Twenty White Leghorn Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) 10 days old embryonated chicken eggs were divided into four groups of 5 eggs. The first group served as control and they were inoculated with aquabidestilate sterile. The second, third and fourth group was inoculated with 0.1 mg, 0.2 mg, and 0.4 mg S. oortiana extract/egg respectively. S. oortiana extract was inoculated via allantoic cavity. All experimental eggs were incubated at 37oC until day 21 and incubation was terminated before the embryos hatched. The embryos and the lymphoid organs (bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen) were weighed. Immunomodulatory effect of tea mistletoe extract was measured by counting the percentage of bursa of Fabricius active lymphoid follicle and the area of thymus medulla. The results showed tea mislestoe extract at the dose of 0.1mg, 0.2 mg and 0.4 mg have immunomodulatory effect on chicken embryos indicated by the increase of percentage of active lymphoid follicle of bursa Fabricius i.e. 68.8, 71.8 and 57.8% and increase area of thymus medulla i.e. 24.9 – 39.3% respectively compared to control group i.e. 22.6% of active lymphoid follicle of bursa Fabricius and 17.6% of thymus medulla area. It is concluded that S. oortiana extract at the dose of 0.1mg, 0.2 mg and 0.4 mg have immunomodulatory effect on chicken embryos.Key Words: Scurrula oortiana, Tea Mistletoe, Embryonated Chicken Egg, Immunomodulator

A study of inoculation route and dosage levels on embryonated chicken eggs as media for testing tea mistlestoe (Scurrula oortiana) extract activity Sri Murtini; R Murwarni; F Satrija; M.B.M Malole
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 11, No 2 (2006): JUNE 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Tea mistlestoe extract (Scurrula oortiana) has cytotoxic activity which is potential to be used in preventing viral induced-chicken tumor. The following study was designed to evaluate the effects of different inoculation routes, dosage levels, and strains of embryonated chicken eggs as media for testing the tea mistlestoe extract (Scurrula oortiana) antiviral activity. Proper inoculation route was examined by inoculation of the extract at dose level of 0,2 mg/egg into embryonated layer eggs via allantoic cavity, chorio-allantoic membrane, and yolk sac. Effect of dose level of tea mistlestoe extract on embryo development was examined in groups of embryonated broiler eggs inoculated with the extract at 0.02, 0.2, 2, 20, or 200 mg/egg. Inoculation of tea mistlestoe extract into allantoic cavity was the safest procedure as indicated by the absence of embryos mortality, and faster embryo growth compared to those of chorio-allantoic membrane and yolk sac-inoculated eggs. The extract induced different growth effects when inoculated into embryonated layer or broiler eggs. Administration of the extract at dose levels between 0,02–200 mg/egg reduced significantly the weight of broiler embryoes, but not the relative weights of liver, heart and spleen. Administration of similar dosage in layer embryoes did not cause any significant difference in the embryoes weight. This study suggests that the study of antiviral activity of tea mistlestoe extract in embryonated chicken eggs should be carried out on embryonated eggs of layer breeds and the extract should be inoculated via allantoic cavity. Key Words: Scurrula oortiana, Embryonated Chicken Eggs, Enti Viral Activity

Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infection of Swamp Buffalo in Banten Province, Indonesia: Prevalence, Risk Factor, and Its Impact on Production Performance N. Nurhidayah; F. Satrija; E. B. Retnani
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 1 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Gastrointestinal parasitic infections cause economic losses in large ruminant’s production including swamp buffalo in tropical areas. The basic epidemiological data and impact of the infections in swamp buffaloes in Indonesia are very limited. A cross sectional study was conducted to measure the prevalence, to identify the risk factor, and to evaluate the impact of gastrointestinal parasites infection on production performance (BCS and girth) of swamp buffalo in five Sentra Peternakan Rakyat (SPR) in Banten Province, Indonesia. A total of 340 fecal samples were collected and examined microscopically using modified McMaster technique. The risk factors scrutinized in this study were sex, age, farming managements, and agroclimate. Infection was found in 128 buffaloes (37.65%) consisted of Nematodes, i.e. Toxocara (0.88%), Strongyles (8.24%), Trichuris (5.29%), Strongyloides (2.94%), and Coccidia of Eimeria (30%). Age of buffaloes was the only significant risk factor for the infection. The highest infection rate was occurred in the group of pre-weaned calves (63.83%) and the lowest was found in the adults (29.66%). Pre-weaned calve group was 8.519 and 8.435 times more likely to be infected with nematodes and protozoa, respectively. The Spearman correlation test showed that the girth was negatively low-correlated and significantly to the EPG of Toxocara vitulorum, the number of protozoa oocyst as well as the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections. BCS was not related to the infections. In conclusion, low prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections potentially reduce the production performance of swamp buffaloes in the SPRs of Banten Province, Indonesia.

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