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PERANCANGAN LABORATORIUM CAMPURAN HRS-WC DENGAN PENGGUNAAN BUTON GRANULAR ASPHALT (BGA) SEBAGAI BAHAN ADDITIVE Howardy, Howardy; Suparma, Latif Budi; Satyarno, Iman
Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil Vol 18, No 3 (2008): SEPTEMBER 2008
Publisher : Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil

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Abstract

Increasing demand for asphalt in the country results in 650,000 tons of imported asphalt per year. The early damage of asphalt pavement is due to increasing axle loads and high temperature climates. On the other side, natural asphalt in Buton island of Sulawesi Tenggara, which is the biggest natural asphalt deposit district in world containing about 677 million tons of asphalt, has not been optimally exploited. This research designs HRS-WC mixture by utilizing Buton Granular Asphalt ( BGA), one of Buton asphalt form, as additive in the binder. The objective of this research is to identify mixture characteristics by referring to Marshall characteristic. Mixture is designed under the Marshall Standard procedure and 24 hours Marshall Immersion at optimum binder content according to Indonesian specification (Bina Marga, 2005) for Hot Rolled Sheet-Wearing Course ( HRS-WC). Mixture design applies the additive BGA (Buton Granular Asphalt) variations of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% to the total mixture. The results of the research showed the optimum asphalt content of specimen Buton Granular Asphalt (BGA) variations of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% were 8.3%, 7.7%, 7.2%, 6.7%, 6.4%, and 6.3%, respectively. The misture reached the Stability values at 1373.8 kgs, 1554.9 kgs, 1493.1 kgs, 1419.3 kgs, 1230.0 kgs, and 1429.3 kgs, respectively. Index of retained strength obtained were 98.1%, 75.4%, 87.9%, 93.0%, 98.6%, and 80.5%, respectively. Composition suitable for addition Buton Granular Asphalt (BGA) at HRS-WC mixture were 2% and 4% BGA, with the mixture density values of 2.266 gr/cm3 and 2.218 gr/cm3, mixture VMA values of 19.9% and 18.9%, mixture VFWA values of 74.7% and 71.4%, mixture VITM values of 5.0% and 5.4%, mixture Stability values of 1554,9 kgs and 1493,1 kgs, mixture flow value of both of 3,0 mm, mixture MQ values of524.1 kg/mm and 493.1 kg/mm, mixture Index of retained strength of 75.4% and 87.9%.
PEMANFAATAN TRAS DARI SAMIGALUH KULON PROGO SEBAGAI BAHAN POZOLAN UNTUK CAMPURAN MORTAR Hariyanto, Ari Dwi; Satyarno, Iman; Widiasmoro, Widiasmoro
Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil Vol 19, No 1 (2009): JANUARI 2009
Publisher : Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil

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Abstract

Cement is one of mortar components with significant influence to mortar quality and production cost. It is necessary to use alternative material as cement substitution material to reduce production cost without reducing the mortar quality. One of materials used as cement substitution is pozzolan. One type of pozzolan is Trass which is available in Kulon Progo Regency but has not been utilized optimally. The objective of this research is to obtain the mix ratio of lime-trass used as cement substitution in mortar production. This research used sand from Boyong, lime from Gunung Kidul, and trass from Samigaluh Kulon Progo. The chemical composition consised of active silica and trass petrography was used as secondary data. The primary data was the experiment result carried out in Construction Material Laboratory of Gadjah Mada University. The first step of experiment was to identify the mortar material characteristics. Then a paste mix in 4 ratios variation of mix lime-trasss (1:4, 2:3, 3:2, and 4:1) was made. Lime – trass mix ratio that produced the highest compression strength mortar (through compression test after 7 days) was used as cement substitution. Mortar mix ratio of cement (and cement substitution) and sand was 1 : 4. The Variations of cement : lime-trass were 1:0,1:4, 2:3, 3:2, 4:1, and 0:1. Result of the research showed that paste mix ratio of lime and trass of 2: 3 had the highest compression strength, which was used in the mortar mixes design. Results of mortar compression strength testing showed that the lower the compression strength, the larger the amount of the cement substitution. The mix of lime and trass taken from Pagerharjo can be used as cement substitution material for producing mortar type S to type O or concrete brick quality I to quality IV. Mix of lime and trass taken from Purwoharjo can be used as cement substitution material for producing mortar type N to type O or concrete brick quality I to quality III. Mortar tensile strength testing showed that the lower the tensile strength, the larger the cement substitution amount was. On the other hand, the larger the mortar permeability, the larger cement substitution amount was. Cement substitution can reduce the cement amount in mortar production but increase mortar production cost because trass production cost was more expensive than cement price.
PENGGUNAAN PASIR BESI DARI KULON PROGO DENGAN BERAT JENIS 4,311 UNTUK MORTAR PERISAI RADIASI SINAR GAMMA Putra, Hendra; Satyarno, Iman; Wijatna, Agus Budhie
Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil Vol 18, No 3 (2008): SEPTEMBER 2008
Publisher : Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil

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Abstract

The radiation effects of radiology and x-rays equipments do not only give excellent benefit for human, but also harmful effect at the same time. Protecting people form the radiation is an important aspect to control such harmful effect. Hence every nuclear installation and radiology unit must pay attention on protecting surrounding people from the radiation. Lead is commonly used as component of shield, but the use of lead requires special work and energy. In economical aspects, the cost of such effort is relatively expensive, but in workability aspects, the application of iron sand mortar can be used as alternative material to protect from radiation. This study assessed gamma radiation absorption on mortar cube sample with dimension of 15 x 15 cm and thickness variation of 1 cm to 15 cm. Mortar ingredient consisted of iron sand, cements and water, with cements - iron sand volume ratio of 1 : 6. Water cement ratio was determined at 0,4 and the gamma radiant energy applied were Iodine-131 (131I) denergi 284,00 keVs, 364,00 keVs, 637,00 keVs and Caesium-137 (137Cs) dissociation energy of diatomic 662,00 keV. Physical test gradation conducted to iron sand from Congot beach Kulonprogo regency of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province, showed specific gravity of 4,331 with, Ssd specific gravity of 4,330, unit weight of 2,554 gr/cm³, water absorbency 0,442%, and grain finest modulus of 1,33, which was categorized as zone IV (smooth gradation). Compressive strength and specific gravity of Iron sand mortar at 28 days reached 7,92 MPa and 2,59 respectively. Especially, specific gravity was heavier than ordinary cements mortar with average value ranged from 1,80 - 2,20. Coefficient linear magnitude attenuation (μ) of iron sand mortar at radiation energy 284 keVs, 364 keVs, 637 keVs and 662 keVs were 0,2816 cm-1, 0,2253 cm-1, 0,1297 cm-1 and 0,1003 cm-1 respectively. Based on these relation, the line equation obtained was y = 0,5631e(-0025X).
BATAKO SEKAM PADI KOMPOSIT MORTAR SEMEN Sumaryanto, Dedy; Satyarno, Iman; Tjokrodimulyo, Kardiyono
Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil Vol 19, No 1 (2009): JANUARI 2009
Publisher : Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil

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Abstract

Several previous construction material researches on exploiting rice husk as wall panel (concrete block), showed that rice husk mixed with construction material gave lighter weight but lower strength. This research attempted to improve the strength of the concrete block composite by giving cement mortar mixture as the outer layer. The specimen of concrete block composite was made under the concrete principal method. The first step was to put the concrete block composite and rice husk into a mold in various thickness of required outer layer. Then cement mortar mixture was poured around it as the outer layer. The results showed that the compressive strength of concrete block for various outer layer thickness without cord net ranging from 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm were reached at 1,68 MPa, 5,16 MPa and 6,51 MPa, respectively and per m² wall weight of 102,44 kgs, 122,46 kgs, and 139,10 kgs, respectively. The compressive strength of concrete block with cord net for the same outer layer thickness variation were reached at 1,97 MPa, 5,72 MPa and 6,70 MPa, respectively and per m² wall weight of 120,40 kgs, 135,98 kgs, and 152,23 kgs. Water absorption of outer layer achieved were 2,01% and 7,06% after 10 minutes and 24 hours soaking, respectively. The optimum outer layer thickness without cord net of concrete block composite with rice husk was 10 mm, which met the requirements of minimum compressive strength, light weighted and economic cost aspects.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KERTAS KORAN UNTUK PEMBUATAN PANEL PAPERCRETE Gunarto, Arief; Satyarno, Iman; Tjokrodimuljo, Kardiyono
Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil Vol 18, No 2 (2008): MEI 2008
Publisher : Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil

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Abstract

The availability of natured material for construction is so limited and in the other hand it’s demand increase. The consequence is try to explore alternative materials such as waste material which has not been explored as construction material. The recycled paper were chosen to be used as a filler component and mixed with cements as a bonding agent. Hence paper fiber include other paper ingredients will become construction material and at the same time to minimized the impact of waste paper to environment. One of the way to enhanced the paper and cements mixture quality as a component of concrete panel were by adding an admixture. Cements and water mixture are the bonding agent, while the filler material are paper and sugar cane admixture as the retarder. This mixture can be categorized as a light concrete. If it used as a papercrete panel will be the alternative building element to reduc dead load for the main structures. A light concrete panel from a mixture of news paper powder and white cement as a bonding agent, forms panel through cold pressed process. Papercrete panel and cube are made for sample with size 420 x 420 x 7 mm³ and 50 x 50 x 50 mm³ respectively. The volume ratio of paper - cements mixture were 2, 3, 4, are made of two condition i.e. without admixtures and with 0,2% sugar cane admixtures concentration by cement weight. The research will find out papercrete unit weight, flexural strength panel, cubical compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, water absorption and the price of concrete panel at every cubic and square meter. The result is concrete unit weight ranges from 840 - 933 kg/m³, the highest flexural strength papercrete panel reached at volume ratio of paper - cements mixture 2 with sugar admixture was 8,36 MPa. The highest the compressive strength reached at the volume ratio of paper – cements mixture 2 with sugar cane admixture was 2,48 MPa. The highest modulus of elasticity at the volume ratio of paper - cements mixture 3 with sugar admixture was 6,48 MPa with water absorption still above 50%. that is lower water absorption 56,93% at volume ratio of paper - cements mixture 2 with sugar cane admixture and the highest absorption at volume ratio of paper - cements mixture 4 was 84,23%. While the increasing of paper powder in mixture, concrete unit weight, flexural strenth, compressive strength and modulus of elasticity papercrete becoming lower with the increasing of water absorption. Addition of sugar cane 0,2% by cements weight haves an flexural strength improvement up to 7,66%, and enhanced compressive strength 50,24%, improvement concrete weight equal to 4,71% and reduced adsorption until 10,7%, but in papercrete product with sugar cane admixture doesn't have significant effect of production budget.
PEMANFAATAN KULIT ALE-ALE SEBAGAI AGREGAT KASAR DALAM PEMBUATAN BETON Suratmin, Suratmin; Satyarno, Iman; Tjokrodimuljo, Kardiyono
Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil Vol 17, No 2 (2007): MEI 2007
Publisher : Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil

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Abstract

At present cockle shells of ale-ale are used only as materials of heaping up muddy yards or roads in Ketapang City. Therefore, it is a challange to conduct study to utilize cockle shells of aleale as aggregate for concrete. It is expected that the result of this study can not only give additional economicall value for cockle shells of ale-ale, but also reduce impacts on environment. In the present research, intact and broken cockle shells were used as concrete aggregate mixed with white sand, and white Portland cement. The amount of cement used is 300 kg/m3. The composition of both intact and broken cockle shells of applied in the research was 100%, 75%, 25%, and 0%. The specimen of intact cockle shells ale – ale was made in various shape and size namely sylinder-shaped models of ∅150 x 300 mm and ∅80 x 160 mm and a ‘concrete brick’-shaped model, while specimen broken cockle shells of ale-ale were sylinder-shaped models of ∅150 x 300 mm and ∅80 x 160 mm, a cube-shaped model of 70 x 70 x 70 mm and a ‘paving block’- shaped model. The research aims at finding the compressive strength of 28 days old, abration of concrete, and impact resistance of concrete. From the result of the research, it can be identified that the specific gravity of concrete with intact and broken cockle shells of ale-ale with the variation of 50% corresponds to a ‘normal concrete’ category. While specific gravity the intact cockle shells with variation of 50% is 2367.82, the broken cockle shells with the variation of 50% is 2302,66. Based on the result, it can also seen that with the variation of 50%, the highest compressive strength of concrete in the mixture of intact cockle shells of ale-ale is 24.98 MPa, and for broken cockle shells of ale-ale is 27.53 MPa.
BATAKO STYROFOAM KOMPOSIT MORTAR SEMEN Wancik, Ahmad; Satyarno, Iman; Tjokrodimuljo, Kardiyono
Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil Vol 18, No 2 (2008): MEI 2008
Publisher : Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil

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Abstract

Research in construction material by exploiting styrofoam as lightweight concrete, gives result that a construction material will have a lighter weight if it is mixed with styrofoam, and achieve a lower strength. This research were try to improve the strength of styrofoam concrete block composite by giving cement mortar mixture as an outer layer. The specimen of concrete block composite will be made with concrete method of preplaced concrete, where initially by putting down the concrete block composite with styrofoam into a mold according to various thickness of outer layer required, and mortar mixture as outer layer around it. It was found that the compressive strength of concrete block with various outer layer thickness of 5, 10, and 15 mm without cord net were reached at 2.52 MPa, 5.44 MPa and 7.49 Mpa respectively with weight per piece were 7.60 kgs, 9.06 kgs, and 10.23 kgs. The compressive strength of concrete block with cord net size 100 mm² were reached 3.27 MPa, 5.75 MPa and 8.58 MPa respectively with same various outer layer thickness and weigh per piece reached at 8.06 kgs, 9.15 kgs, and 10.28 kgs. Water absorption of outer layer were achieved 2,01 % and 7,06 % for soaking during 10 minutes and 24 hours respectively. Generally, the composite styrofoam concrete block with cement mortar outer layer thickness of 5 mm, 10 mm and 15 mm has meet a clauses of SNI requirements to solid concrete block for concrete block quality IV, quality III and quality II.
PEMANFAATAN BATU “APE“ DARI SUNGAI LUA KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN TALAUD SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF BAHAN BANGUNAN Pongajow, Gerson; Satyarno, Iman; Tjokrodimuljo, Kardiyono
Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil Vol 18, No 2 (2008): MEI 2008
Publisher : Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil

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Abstract

Talaud Archipelago Sub-Province is one of the Sub-Provinces in North Sulawesi Province, the growing result of Sangihe and Talaud Archipelago Sub-Province in 2002. This growth followed by the development in all fields, including the infrastructure development which is based stone from outside of the island. This research is done to explore the local potential and also to test laboratory that the local stone can be used as alternative construction materials. In this study, there are 85 stone cube which are used to test it’s strength. Each variant of test is 5 stone and the factor will be given to the stone is the temperature which is 200oC, 400oC, 600oC and 800oC in 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes. And then follow by checking the rout aggregate nature. Next step is to make concrete which is made by the mix of the aggregate of “Ape” stone and the sand from River Lua Talaud Archipelago and also concrete which is used the mix of the “Ape” stone aggregate and the sand from mount Merapi in Yogjakarta. The result shows that the heat of “Ape” stone can increase the strength of the stone. In the beginning, the strngth is 6,052 MPa., and then maximum increase until 37,43 MPa., after been heated in 400oC temperature for 120 minutes. The aggregate of the“Ape” stone which is been heated includes the lightweight aggregate which can be used directly as an alternative of Red Stone. Concrete as the mix of the “Ape” stone which is heated before, and the sand from Lua River with fas of value 0,5 and 410 kg/m3 cement weight. the weight of ratio concrete 2, 04 kg/dm3 and strength 12, 88 MPa, and also concrete which is mix by the “Ape” stone and the merapi mount sand with fas of value 0,5 and 410 kg/m3 cement weight, the weight of ratio concrete 2,12 kg/dm3 and strength 15,79 MPa. Result, the concrete is the lightweight concrete with the B0 and B1 class. So the conclusion is the “Ape” stone, can be use as an alternative of construction material.
SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN JEMBATAN BERBASIS WEB DENGAN METODE BRIDGE CONDITION RATING (Studi Kasus Pengelolaan Jembatan di Kabupaten Garut) Subagio, Gatot; Triwiyono, Andreas; Satyarno, Iman
Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil Vol 18, No 3 (2008): SEPTEMBER 2008
Publisher : Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil

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Abstract

A state progression level can be identified from the infrastructure demand. However, infrastructure projects requires high investment cost, therefore it is recessary to optimally maintain the existing infrastructure facility. Bridge management is required to maintain the bridge function and role, as well as to keep the bridge service period in line with the service period plan by using various efforts to maintain the safety, comfort, and economy in serving the traffic. The bridge management needs a lot of recent information of the bridge inventory and condition. It is required to build accurate and up-to-date information for bridge management completed with DSS (Decision Support System) to make the inventorying result to be easily understood and to determine bridge management priority. Research area in producing this system was located at Garut Regency, West Java by taking 7 bridges as samples, under Bina Marga Public Work management. WEB-based Bridge Management Information System (SIMJWEB) was software built with PHP (PHP Hypertext Preprocessor) and MySQL Database Management System. The bridge condition is visually assessed using the Bridge Condition Rating method of NYSDOT (New York State Department of Transportations). Bridge component is assessed based on Component Rating of 7 as good and 1 as worst. The total Component Rating is multiplied with Weight Factor from each component, and then divided by total Weight Factor resulting from Bridge Condition Rating that reflects the bridge condition. Treatment priority determination is based on Bridge Condition Rating Value. Information on treatment time delay is obtained from estimated bridge service period using IBMS (Interurban Bridge Management System) assumption. SIMJWEB is able to provide prompt information on the inventory, condition, proposal and management priority data, as well as the estimation of bridge service period. Such information helps the bridge manager in making decision. Through internet media, bridge user can actively participate to bridge management in a region by giving idea or following public hearing made by bridge manager. This research results show that Cipancar 1 Bridge has the highest treatment priority at condition rating of 4.874 and requires rehabilitation as the proposed treatment. The lowest priority is Cimanuk Andir bridge at condition rating of 6.587 and requires regular and periodic maintenance as the proposed treatment. By estimating that Cipancar 1 bridge plan period is 50, the Equivalent period is 28.3 years and in 22 years later, the bridge function would not be functioned anymore.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN CEBEX 112 TERHADAP SIFAT-SIFAT TEKNIS MORTAR SEMEN DENGAN AGREGAT HALUS BUBUK LIMBAH BATA MERAH Widodo, Haryadi; Satyarno, Iman; Kardiyono T., Kardiyono T.
Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil Vol 19, No 1 (2009): JANUARI 2009
Publisher : Civil Engineering Forum Teknik Sipil

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Abstract

Earthquake in Jogjakarta on 27 May 2006 has caused severe damage to two hundred thousand buildings. Such damage produced a lot of rubbles and, on the other hand, also the need of a huge amount of material to rebuild the buildings. Currently, rubbles, including brick rubbles, are treated only as rubbish and polluting the environment. Anticipation efforts to such problem are required. One of the solution alternatives is a recycling procedure for brick rubbles. Because high water absorption is required, recycling brick rubble is unique that it requires high water cement ratio for mixing the brick masonry wall rubbles. This research attempted to identify the influence of Cebex 112, a mortar plasticizer additive, to cement mortar with brick powder. The mortar workability consistency was measured using the flowtable, ranged from 70% to 90%, showing the easiness of the mortar workability, but without too much bleeding when molded. Sample was made in cube shape of 50mm x 50mm x 50mm. Four ratios of portland cement (pc) to fine aggregate (fa) were used, which were 1pc:4fa, 1pc:6fa, 1pc:8fa and 1pc:10fa. Five ratios of Cebex 112 additive were 0.0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8% of the Portland cement weight. The samples made were 200 cubes and compression test, absorption test and specific gravity test were given. Results showed that Cebex 112 improved workability and volume due to the reaction between cement and Cebex 112. Admixture is air entrained controlling the microscopic air bubbles which increased the cohesion and provides lubrication for fine aggregate. Cebex 112 decreased the compacting value, improved the absorption and decreased the mortar specific gravity. It also may reduce the cement consumption. This admixture reduced required water at cement ratio 1pc:4fa, but increased at 1pc:6fa, 1pc:8fa and 1pc:10fa. The maximum compaction value was at 1pc:4fa with Cebex 112 content of 0.00% and 17.24 MPa. The minimum was at 1pc:10fa, with Cebex 112 content of 0,6% and 2.67 MPa. The mortar highest specific gravity portion was 1pc:4 fa, 0.0% with 1,71 MPa and the lowest was at 1pc:4fa, with Cebex 112 content of 0.8% and 1.32 MPa. The 24 hours highest absorption was at 1pc:8fa, 0.6% with Cebex 112 content of 29.3% and the lowest was at 1pc:4fa, with Cebex 112 content of 0.0% and 22.3%. These figures show that mortar cement with recycled brick can be used for wall partition and wall interior.