Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2018 - 2023
3.48
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Konversi Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan SENTIA 2016 DISTILAT: JURNAL TEKNOLOGI SEPARASI Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (J-ABDIMAS)
Achmad Chumaidi, Achmad
Jurusan Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Malang
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Published : 26 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 26 Documents
Search

 1   2   3 
HIDROLISIS MINYAK KELAPA DENGAN LIPASE TERIMOBILISASI ZEOLIT PADA PEMBUATAN PERISA ALAMI moentamaria, dwina; Agaian, Girlian; Ridhawati, Meilita Mustika; Chumaidi, Achmad; Hendrawati, Nanik
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 5, No 2 (2016): December 2016 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v5i2.7507

Abstract

Free Fatty acid  resulting from hydrolisis of  various types of oil enzymatically has been great interest recently to save energy, in other hand  that the product are environmentally friendly.  Lipases as biocatalysts for synthesis reactions  will  be  dissolved with the product, making difficult their reuse. Efficiency can be done with the use of enzyme immobilization, which can be used for repeated reaction. The products of free fatty acids from coconut oil by hydrolysis of lipase can be used as a natural substrate for making flavor  that can be consumed and safe for health. The effect of free lipase and  immobilization of lipase on hydrolisis  were studied.   Reaction time of hydrolisis was varied as 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 minutes. The  variation  of concentration of lipase  addition was 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 % .  The types of treatment were used in this research free lipase and the immobilized lipase. The results shows that the highest conversion on hydrolisis of coconut oil  by using free lipase treatment  was performed by 6 % of lipase addition  with reaction time 60 minutes that are 52,31%. While, the highest conversion on hydrolisis of coconut oil by using the immobilized lipase was shown  by 8% of lipase addition with reaction time 120 minutes that is 56,01%.  The results of the hydrolysis process in the form of fatty acid was used as the base material esterification process resulting ester product (natural flavor). Ester yield was produced by free lipase esterification was 28,21 and 32,14 % in immobilized  lipase  esterification.
THE IMMOBILIZATION OF LIPASE FROM MUCOR MIEHEI ON ZEOLITE MATRIX IN HYDROLYSIS OF PALM OIL PRODUCING FREE FATTY ACIDS WITH SOLVENT FREE SYSTEM Moentamaria, Dwina; Chumaidi, Achmad; Hendrawati, Nanik; Girlian, Girlian; Mustika, Meilita Againa
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 7, No 2 (2018): December 2018 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v7i1.11399

Abstract

The enzymatic hydrolysis of palm oil can be conducted by using lipase produced from Mucor miehei to produce free fatty acid. This study aimed to compare the usage of lipase as free enzyme and as immobilized enzyme on zeolite matrix in the hydrolysis of palm oil as triglyceride producing free fatty acids which highly needed in various industrial sectors. Immobilization is an alternative hydrolysis reaction due to its usage on repetitive reaction, makes lipase reuseable, hence the whole process becomes efficient, and with moderate operational conditions. Solvent free reaction is applied, because the produced free fatty acids can be used directly in food, health, and natural flavorings industry. The palm oil used in the hydrolysis contains 0.815% initial free fatty acids as palmitate, in which water then added to it in weight ratio 1:3. Each effect of free lipase and immobilized lipase addition is 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, and time reaction is 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 minutes are used as index to determine the amount of free fatty acids produced.  The results showed that Immobilized lipase has better ability than the free one in hydrolysis of triglyceride in palm oil producing free fatty acid with 8% lipase addition and time reaction of 120 minutes. Palm oil hydrolysis using free lipase produced the highest FFA of 1.9747% after the addition of 5% lipase concentrate, with time reaction of 60 minutes. Meanwhile, palm oil hydrolysis using immobilized lipase produced the highest FFA of 1.9747% after the addition of 8% lipase concentrate, with time reaction of 120 minutes.
KINETIC MODELING OF SERIES REACTION CH4-CH3OH-DME WITH CuO-ZnO/gamma-Al2O3 CATALYST Chumaidi, Achmad; Moentamaria, Dwina; Murdani, Anggit
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 7, No 1 (2018): June 2018 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v7i1.11403

Abstract

A kinetic model was proposed for the synthesis of methane to be dimethyl ether (DME) in one reaction step from (CH4 + O2) and (CH3OH) to dimethyl ether using kinetic CuO-ZnO /gAl2O3 catalyst parameters. The bifunctional catalyst of the series kinetic reaction model according to the experimental results obtained under isothermal conditions in a pipe flow reactor under various operating conditions: 225-325 ° C; 10 bar gauge; Residence time, 16-57.0 (g Catalyst) hour (mole CH4) -1. An important step for modeling is the synthesis of methanol from (CH4 + O2) and the synthesis of (CH3OH to DME) is methanol dehydration (very fast), and water-shifting and CO2 (equilibrium) reactions. The effects of water inhibition and CO2 were also taken into account in the synthesis of methanol and the formation of hydrocarbons. The dehydration advantage of methanol can achieve higher yields above 60 % methanol that was converted to DME and the remaining 5% methanol if (CH4 + O2) comes in at 10 bar gauge and 375 ° C. At higher temperatures produces CO2 and H2O. Methane-methanol-DME series reaction model follows single-order gas phase reaction to methane and methanol with k1 = 0.195 minutes-1 and k2 = 0.115 minutes-1 The time and maximum concentration occurs in the formation of methanol constituents 9.5 minutes and 0.44 mole
DEHIDRASI METANOL MENJADI DIMETIL ETER DENGAN MEMODIFIKASI KATALIS CuO-ZnO/-Al2O3 Achmad Chumaidi; Dwina Moentamaria; Anggit Murdani
SENTIA 2016 Vol 8, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : SENTIA 2016

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (662.312 KB)

Abstract

Pemanfaatan  LPG  sebagai  bahan  bakar  sektor  industri  dan  rumah  tangga  tidak  hanya  disoroti  dari  sisi keterbatasan cadangannya, namun juga menimbulkan emisi gas buang (CO2, NOx, dan SOx) yang berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan  Dalam beberapa waktu belakangan, seiring dengan perubahan iklim global, penggunaan bahan bakar kian menjadi perhatian serius. Upaya pengembangan bahan bakar alternatif sebagai pengganti LPG menjadi tuntutan yang semakin menguat dan pertimbangan untuk menjadikan bahan bakar alternatif baru. Saat ini DME sedang diproyeksikan sebagai salah satu sumber bahan bakar alternatif LPG ramah lingkungan yang dapat  dihasilkan  dari  metanol berbagai  sumber  daya  energi.  Penelitian  ini  mempunyai  tujuan  yaitu mempersiapkan arah dan tahapan pencapaian produk DME dengan mempertimbangkan perkembangan teknologi dalam pemanfaatan sumber energi nasional yang terbarukan dan berkelanjutan serta terwujudnya peran teknologi dan infrastruktur energi  guna  mendukung bisnis energi.  Metode yang digunakan  meliputi preparasi katalis dengan mengkarakter katalis CuO-ZnO/-Al2O3 dengan komposisi 1 : 1 : 1  , uji coba reaksi methanol menjadi dimetil eter dilakukan dalam reaktor alir pipa pada suhu 250 – 375oC dengan tekana 2,5 psig, Hasil uji aktivitas katalis terbaik menujukkan  konversi metanol sebesar 82% suhu 275oC, selektivitas dimetil eter sebesar 80% suhu 275oC , dan yield dimetil eter sebesar 84% pada suhu 275oC dan WHSV 20 menit-1 pada suhu 325oC
PERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA PADA STRIPPER (DA-101) DI PABRIK UREA DEPARTEMEN PRODUKSI I A PT PETROKIMIA GRESIK Dhevita Tara Dwi Prastika; Achmad Chumaidi
DISTILAT: JURNAL TEKNOLOGI SEPARASI Vol 7, No 2 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/distilat.v7i2.286

Abstract

PT Petrokimia Gresik merupakan salah satu perusahaan pupuk terbesar yang ada di Indonesia. PT Petrokimia Gresik mengoperasikan 23 pabrik yang terdiri dari 16 pabrik yang memproduksi pupuk serta 7 pabrik yang memproduksi produk non-pupuk. Pada proses produksi urea terdapat alat yang bernama stripper. Stripper adalah alat yang digunakan untuk memisahkan satu komponen atau lebih dari campurannya menggunakan prinsip perbedaan kelarutan.  Departemen Produksi I A Urea memiliki kapasitas produksi sebesar 460.000  ton/tahun dan konsentrasi produk minimal 98,4%. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan perhitungan neraca massa untuk mengevaluasi perhitungan neraca massa stripper pabrik urea PT Petrokimia Gresik. Perhitungan neraca massa yaitu berdasarkan banyaknya bahan yang masuk serta keluar dari sistem. Untuk menghitung neraca massa harus diketahui terlebih dahulu data bahan baku yang masuk dalam bentuk laju mol dan %mol. Hasil perhitungan neraca massa yang dilakukan pada alat stripper diperoleh total neraca massa input sama dengan total neraca massa  output (balance) sebesar 232403 kg/jam.
Characterization and Preparation of Ni/γAl2O3 Catalyst for Acetylation of Glycerol in a Fixed Bed Reactor Applied as an Octane Booster for Commercial Fuels Dewajani, Heny; Chumaidi, Achmad; Suryandari, Ade Sonya; Dewi, Ernia Novika; Ahsan, Muhammad Hafizh
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 10, No 2 (2021): December 2021 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v10i2.32196

Abstract

Glycerol is a by-product of biodiesel production with the amount of 10% of the total biodiesel product. To increase the utility and economic value of glycerol, it can be processed into several derivative products. One of the glycerol derivative products is currently being developed through the acetylation process. Glycerol acetylation product has been investigated as a component that can be used to increase the octane number of commercial fuels, otherwise known as bio-additives or octane boosters. This study aims to convert glycerol from the by-product of biodiesel production through the acetylation process using a modified solid catalyst Ni/γ-Al2O3 in a fixed bed reactor. The focus of this research is to study the effect of reactant flow rate and the mole ratio of glycerol to acetic acid on glycerol conversion. The variations used were flow rates of feed from 40, 60, 80 and 100 ml/minute, and the mole ratio of glycerol to acetic acid was 1:3, 1:5, 1:7, and 1:9. The experiment was carried out in several stages, namely: preparation and modification of the catalyst, the acetylation process and product application into commercial fuels. The acetylation reaction took place at a temperature of 100 °C and the mass of the catalyst used was 5% of the mass of glycerol. The results showed that the highest conversion of 74.24% was achieved under operating conditions with a reactant flow rate of 40 ml/min and glycerol to acetic acid mole ratio of 1:9. The utilization of acetylation products as bio-additives is carried out by adding reaction products to Pertamax fuel. The highest increase in octane number of Pertamax fuel at the addition of 8% volume of acetylation product from the initial octane number of 93 increased to 102 (increased by 10%).
TRANSESTERIFICATION OF BIODIESEL FROM KAPOK SEED OIL (Ceiba pentandra) Nove Kartika Erliyanti; Afida Kartika Sari; Achmad Chumaidi; Rachmad Ramadhan Yogaswara; Erwan Adi Saputro
Konversi Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Oktober 2021
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v10i2.11247

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of KOH concentration and reaction time on the flash point and pour point of biodiesel from kapok seed oil. The biodiesel transesterification process is carried out in a batch reactor equipped with stirrer. The first step in this research is to reduce the free fatty acid content (esterification process). The second step is transesterification of biodiesel from kapok seed oil. The concentrations of KOH used in this research were 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% by weight of the oil and the reaction time were 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 hours. The operating conditions used in this study were a temperature of 60 oC and a pressure of 4 bar. The results showed that the concentration of KOH and reaction time had a significant effect on the flash point and pour point of biodiesel. The best flash point and pour point were obtained at a concentration of 0.5% KOH and a reaction time of 1.5 hours, which were 163 oC and -8 oC.
Hydrophobic Support: A Phenomenon of Interface Lipase Activation in Polyurethane Foam as a Heterogeneous Biocatalyst in Synthesis of Natural Flavor Ester Dwina Moentamaria; Zakijah irfin; Achmad Chumaidi; Heri Septya Kusuma
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol 6, No 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v6i1.253

Abstract

Biokatalis heterogen memerlukan penyangga yang sesuai melalui teknik imobilisasi enzim, terutama jika digunakan dalam industri makanan. Dalam sintesis perisa ester alami, busa poliuretan (PUF) dipilih sebagai penyangga imobilisasi lipase, karena memiliki sifat kaku inert, dan porositas tinggi. PUF perlu dilapisi dengan co-immobilized, yang terdiri dari campuran surfaktan yang aman yaitu  gelatin, lecithin, PEG, MgCl2, sehingga menjadi satu kesatuan sebagai penyangga PUF hidrofobik. Interaksi hidrofobik antara lipase dan surfaktan pada PUF dapat memicu lipase yang mengaktifkan antarmuka untuk bereaksi lebih banyak dengan substrat melalui sisi aktifnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kemampuan penyerapan PUF pada co-immobilized lipase sebagai biokatalis heterogen. Tahapan yang dilakukan adalah PUF direndam dalam co-immobilized dengan perbandingan 1:10; 1:20; 1:30 (b/b) selama 1-5 jam, kemudian dikeringkan, hasilnya direndam dalam lipase dan dikeringkan, menghasilkan biokatalis heterogen, hasil terbaik biokatalis heterogen diuji pada  sintesis perisa  ester alami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi penyerapan surfaktan  terbaik diperoleh selama 3 jam perendaman pada semua perbandingan PUF: co immobilized 1:10; 1:20; 1:30 (b/b) masing - masing 6,95 g/g; 23,54 g/g; 19,95 g/g, dan aktivitasnya berturut turut 2 U/g PUF; 5,86 U/g PUF; 3,34 U/g PUF. Hasil biokatalis heterogen terbaik pada rasio PUF: co immobilized 1:20 (b/b) diuji pada sintesis perisa alami melalui reaksi esterifikasi asam laurat dari minyak kelapa dan sitronelol dari minyak sereh, menghasilkan konversi 55% perisa alami citronellyl laurat.Heterogeneous biocatalysts prepared through the enzyme immobilization technique require an appropriate carrier, especially if they are used in the food industry. In the synthesis of natural ester flavor, polyurethane foam (PUF) was chosen as the lipase immobilization carrier, because it has rigid properties, inert, and high porosity. Carrier PUF needs to be coated with a food-safe surfactant known as co-immobilized, consisting of a mixture of gelatin, lecithin, PEG, and MgCl2, so that it becomes a single unit as support for hydrophobic PUF. The interaction hydrophobic between lipases and surfactants in PUF can trigger interface-activating lipases to react more with substrates through their active sites. This study aims to study the sorption capability of PUF on co-immobilized lipase as a heterogeneous biocatalyst. The steps taken were PUF was immersed in co-immobilized in a ratio of 1:10; 1:20; 1:30 (w/w) for 1-5 h, then dried, the results were soaked in lipase and dried, producing heterogeneous biocatalysts, the best results of heterogeneous biocatalysts were tested by natural flavor ester synthesis. The results showed that the best sorption conditions were obtained for 3 hours of immersion in all PUF: immobilized co ratio 1:10; 1:20; 1:30 (w/w) was 6.95 g/g; 23.54 g/g; 19.95 g/g, and each activity was 2 U/gram PUF; 5.86 U/gram PUF; 3.34 U/gram PUF. The best result of heterogeneous biocatalyst at the ratio of PUF: co immobilized 1:20 (w/w) was tested on the synthesis of natural flavors through the esterification reaction of lauric acid from coconut oil and citronellol from citronella oil, resulting in a conversion of 55% to citronellyl laurate natural flavor.
MODIFIKASI ANALISA AKTIFITAS LIPASE DARI MUCOR MIEHEI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SURFAKTAN Dwina Moentamaria; Achmad Chumaidi; Nanik Hendrawati
SENTIA 2016 Vol 8, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : SENTIA 2016

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (840.936 KB)

Abstract

Metoda analisa aktifitas lipase sangat penting untuk menentukan keakuratan hasil suatu produk. Crude lipase yang diproduksi dari Mucor miehei melalui fermentasi padat menggunakan campuran media air dan minyak, membentuk dua lapisan yang tidak saling larut. Maka diperlukan suatu bahan yang dapat menstabilkan emulsi kedua lapisan air minyak sehingga dapat dianalisa. Pada penelitian ini, digunakan Tween 80 dan Tween 20 sebagai surfaktan yang bekerja pada daerah antarmuka air - minyak pada crude lipase agar menjadi stabil sehingga lebih mudah dianalisa dengan kecepatan pengadukan saat inkubasi 100 rpm dan 200 rpm. Digunakan Tween 80 dan Tween 20 untuk analisa dengan penambahan 0,5% , 0,75%, 1%, 1,25%, 1,5%, 1,75%  (wt/wt).  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  penambahan  1%  Tween  80,  memberikan  aktifitas  lipase terbaiknya 5U/ml, karena kestabilannya pada fase air – minyak. Aktifitas lipase dengan penambahan Tween 80  lebih  besar  dibandingkan  dengan  Tween  20  ,  dengan  kecepatan  pengadukan  200  rpm  pada analisa menggunakan menggunakan metode titrimetri dengan NaOH untuk mengetahui mol asam lemak bebasnya per menit.
SINTESA DPR (DISPROPORTIONATED ROSIN) DARI GUM ROSIN GRADE X SECARA BATCH Dini Qurrota Ayuni Arita Putri; Achmad Chumaidi
DISTILAT: JURNAL TEKNOLOGI SEPARASI Vol 7, No 2 (2021): Agustus 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/distilat.v7i2.244

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki kekayaan sumber daya alam yang melimpah, kekayaan tersebut meliputi sumber daya alam seperti hasil hutan, hasil laut dan pertanian. Salah satu produk hasil hutan yang bernilai tinggi adalah produk gondorukem (gum rosin). Gum rosin umumnya dimanfaatkan dalam bentuk non-modifikasi. Namun perkembangan lebih lanjut menemukan penggunaan gum rosin bentuk non-modifikasi kurang sesuai untuk penggunaan. Dan kelemahan gum rosin non-modifikasi tersebut dapat diatasi dengan dikembangkannya teknologi proses untuk menghasilkan gondorukem modifikasi. Salah satunya yaitu gondorukem disproporsionasi. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh variasi konsentrasi NaOH yang digunakan terhadap peningkatan kualitas produk pada proses pembuatan disproportionated rosin dan menentukan pengaruh variasi waktu tinggal untuk mengetahui kualitas gondorukem pada proses pembentukan disproportionated rosin. Pengolahan gum rosin dibentuk menjadi rosin yang tidak proporsional. Pada pembentukan disproportionated rosin,  bahan bakunya adalah gum rosin tipe X, pelarutnya adalah etanol dan bahan sintetisnya adalah larutan NaOH (N) dengan variasi 0,25 N 0,5 N 0,75 N dan 1 N menggunakan waktu tinggal 20 menit, 30 menit, 40 menit, dan 50 menit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode secara batch. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan nilai densitas, nilai bilangan asam akan semakin meningkat dan angka penyabunan akan semakin menurun. Konsentrasi terbaik yang di gunakan adalah 0,25 N dan waktu tinggal yang ideal dalam penelitian ini adalah 50 menit.
Co-Authors Abdul Chalim Afida Kartika Sari Ahsan, Muhammad Hafizh Aldifi Kresmagus Alisna Imtihana Khadijah Amanda Dewi Amalia Andi Nina Anggit Murdani Annyssa Maylia Arum Kartikasari Bunga Rajhana Ragil Gayatri Chintya A. P. Sari Danang Rizky Mahendra Destiana R. A. Palupi Dewajani, Heny Dewi, Ernia Novika Dhevita Tara Dwi Prastika Dini Qurrota Ayuni Arita Putri Dyah Ratna Wulan Elinda Kartika Sari Ellana Nabilah Nur Averina Ansar Erwan Adi Saputro Febrianti U. D. Pratiwi Febrianti U.D. Pratiwi Girlian Agaian, Girlian Girlian, Girlian Kusuma, Heri Septya Meilita Mustika Ridhawati, Meilita Mustika Miranda Ajeng Auliastuti Muhammad Badril Munir Mustika, Meilita Againa Nanik hendrawati, Nanik Nove Kartika Erliyanti Prizqi Prakoso Rachmad Ramadhan Yogaswara Rossy Arifatul Chabibah Sabrina Adani Putri Safitri Ekawati Shabrina Adani Putri Shahifa Habiba Suryandari, Ade Sonya Yanty Maryanty, Yanty Yuniar Eka Prastica Zakijah irfin