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POTENSI BIOINSEKTISIDA DARI EKSTRAK DAUN, KULIT BATANG DAN BIJI TUMBUHAN PANGI (PANGIUM EDULE REINW.) DALAM MENINGKATKAN MORTALITAS LARVA CROCIDOLOMIA BINOTALIS Manoppo, Jacklin Stella Salome; Sakul, Ernest Hanny; Tengker, Anita Constantin
FRONTIERS: JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI Vol 2, No 1 (2019): APRIL 2019
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (565.037 KB)

Abstract

Kandungan insektisida alami dari ekstrak daun, kulit batang dan biji pangi (Pangium edule Reinw.) untuk mengatasi larva Crocidolomia binotalis telah dilakukan di laboratorium. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan insektisida nabati untuk mengendalikan C.binotalis yang merupakan hama tanaman sawi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi ekstrak yang paling efektif dan konsentrasi ekstrak paling aktif; untuk mengevaluasi tingkatan konsentrasi ekstrak pada larva yang diujicobakan; dan untuk mengkarakterisasi kandungan fitokimia dari ekstrak daun, kulit batang dan biji pangi (Pangium edule Reinw.) Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dan dimulai dengan tes skrining fitokimia untuk mendapatkan hasil metabolit sekunder di dalam ekstrak. Selanjutnya, diikuti dengan uji LC/LD50-48h terhadap larva instar III dari hama C.binotalis. Kemudian, ekstrak fraksi n-heksan dan etanol digunakan untuk perlakuan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan ANAVA dan diikuti dengan penghitungan nilai LD50-48h dengan menggunakan analisis probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak biji pangi dengan menggunakan fraksi n-heksan lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan mortalitas larva dengan nilai LD50-48h = 11,25 mg/L. Sedangkan ekstrak kulit batang memiliki nilai LD50-48h = 30,20 mg/L dan nilai LD50-48h = 25,75 mg/L diperoleh dari ekstrak daun pangi. Tingkat kematian larva yang tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 50 ppm ekstrak biji fraksi n-heksan sebesar 93,5%, kemudian 86,3% untuk ekstrak daun pangi dan 75,5% untuk ekstrak kulit batang pangi. Ekstrak tumbuhan pangi dengan menggunakan fraksi etanol, ditemukan mengandung alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, terpenoid, phenol dan tannin. Ekstrak biji pangi dengan menggunakan fraksi n-heksan merupakan insektisida nabati yang paling efektif dalam mengendalikan hama C.binotalis. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa insektisida botani dari ekstrak tumbuhan pangi memiliki potensi dalam mengendalikan hama C.binotalis pada tanaman sawi. Evaluasi dan karakterisasi komponen aktif dari ekstrak dan aplikasi di lapangan sangat diperlukan untuk penelitian selanjutnya.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Tani Wanita Mandiri Dalam Meningkatkan Produksi Tanaman Cabai Varietas Nirmala-F1 Melalui Penerapan Teknologi MPHP dan BioBoost Sakul, Ernest Hanny; Tuerah, Philotheus Erwin Alex; Manoppo, Jacklin Stella Salome
VIVABIO: Jurnal Pengabdian Multidisiplin Vol 1, No 2 (2019): VIVABIO: Jurnal Pengabdian Multidisiplin
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/vivabio.1.2.2019.24930

Abstract

Teknologi Mulsa Plastik Hitam Perak (MPHP) dan BioBoost adalah teknologi yang ramah lingkungan dan mampu meningkatkan produktifitas lahan pertanian sehingga hasil pertanian akan meningkat baik mutu maupun jumlah hasil panennya. Pemanfaatan Bio-Boost sebagai pupuk organik yang mengandung mikroorganisme tanah yang unggul, diaplikasikan untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah sebagai hasil proses biokimia tanah dalam budidaya dan peningkatan produksi tanaman cabai varietas nirmala F-1. Hasil pengamatan dan survey di lapangan khususnya di Desa Kembuan Kecamatan Tondano Utara Kabupaten Minahasa banyak ditemukan lahan/ladang atau bekas sawah yang sudah tidak diefektifkan lagi oleh petani pemilik, sehingga menjadi lahan tidur dan hanya menjadi tempat menggembalakan hewan ternak seperti sapi dan kuda.  Selain itu juga, limbah organik yang dapat ditemukan di Desa Kembuan adalah limbah hasil peternakan ayam berupa kotoran ayam, yang bila tidak dikelola dengan baik akan berpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Potensi pemanfaatan lahan tidur dan limbah organik di pedesaan merupakan sebuah peluang usaha untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan kelompok tani.  Berdasarkan hal tersebut di atas, maka dilaksanakanlah Program Kemitraan Masyarakat Kelompok Tani Wanita Mandiri Desa Kembuan Kecamatan Tondano Utara Kabupaten Minahasa Propinsi Sulawesi Utara. Kebutuhan aplikasi teknologi pertanian yang diperlukan oleh kelompok tani ini antara lain adalah teknologi Bio-Boost dan Effective Microorganism (EM4) sebagai agen hayati yang mempercepat proses dekomposisi limbah kotoran ayam menjadi pupuk organik berkualitas, dikombinasikan dengan teknologi mulsa plastik hitam perak dan pengendalian hama menggunakan bioinsektisida, ternyata mampu memberikan hasil yang baik dalam budidaya tanaman cabai rawit varietas nirmala F-1. Hasil panen perdana yang diperoleh kelompok tani ini yaitu cabai rawit varietas nirmala yang memiliki karakteristik morfologi buah lancip, dengan ukuran 4 x 0,8 cm, pedas, warna merah mengkilap dan dapat mulai dipanen pada umur 82-85 hari setelah tanam (HST), rata-rata berat buah cabai per tanaman adalah 0,75 – 1,0 kg per tanaman, dengan bobot per buah berkisar 2 – 3 gram dan memiliki potensi hasil 8 – 10 ton/ha.
Budidaya Tanaman Hortikultura Memanfaatkan Lahan Pekarangan di Bunaken Manado Ernest Hanny Sakul; Revolson Alexius Mege
DEDIKASI Vol 21, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Dedikasi
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/dedikasi.v21i1.9438

Abstract

Bunaken Island which is shaped like the crescent, has an area of 696.8 ha and is a park conservation areanational sea in North Sulawesi. Bunaken Island has two villages, first, Bunaken Village, the administrative area ofup to Parigi Headland and Siladen Island. Then the second village is Alungbanua Village. Based on the surveyresults in the village of Bunaken- Parigi Headland, it was known that there are still many yards that are still not usedfor planting horticultural crops that can provide a food source for family. In addition, it was found that there werestill many pigs released wildly by the community and produced large amounts of pig manure. Parigi Headlandpeople have the potential to develop group and family businesses in agriculture, but still have limitations indeveloping farming technology, making and using organic fertilizers, and producing organic pesticides. PKMHorticultural Crop Cultivation Utilizing Yard Land in Bunaken Manado aims to train communities and families inthe village of Bunaken-Parigi Headland to be able to utilize their yard and increase the quantity and quality ofproduction of horticultural crops in the form of chili, tomatoes and vegetables. Furtheremore, it aims to guide andtrain the community so they can produce their own organic fertilizer as a result of fermentation of livestock manure.The results obtained were 1) an increase in public understanding of the importance of using yard land as a place offarming with high economic value such as chili, 2) results obtained by the early harvest chilies weight ranged from0.50 to 1.10 kg per plant in the raised beds, and the weight of chilies grown in polybags have a range of 0.40 to 0.95kg per plant, 3) organic fertilizer fermented manure waste using biological agents effective microorganism (EM4)was gained, and 4) the construction of the maintenance enclosure for pigs.
Penggunaan Pupuk Organik untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Tanaman Cabai Kelompok Tani di Kabupaten Minahasa Jacklin Stella Salome Manoppo; Ernest Hanny Sakul; Marlina Karundeng
DEDIKASI Vol 20, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Dedikasi
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/dedikasi.v20i1.7931

Abstract

After doing observations and surveys in Paslaten Village, Remboken District, it was found that manyfields or former rice fields which are no longer effective by the owner's farm. Therefore, the fields become idle landand have the potential to be no longer productive, and currently only become a place to bind livestock. Moreover,there are many wastes, especially organic waste as a result of the daily activities of community life in PaslatenVillage. One type of organic waste found is chicken manure, which if it is not reused, it will cause an environmentalpollution. Thus, it is better to manage the waste into organic fertilizer. Paslaten Village, Remboken District, thereare Masawangan and Pinaesaan farmer groups who have tried to plant chili plants in the traditional way according tothe local wisdom in their village. Nevertheless, the production of chili crops is still lacking. As a result, a training isneeded to be carried out in order to increase the production of chili crops. The necessity for the application ofagricultural technology that is required by this farmer groups is the use of effective microorganisms (EM4) asbiological agents that can accelerate the decomposition process of chicken manure into quality organic fertilizer. Itis combined with black silver plastic mulch technology and integrated pest control using bio-pesticides, with a targetto increase the production and quality of chili plants. The first crop yield which was obtained by the farmer groupswas Nirmala variety chili. It has sharp fruit, 4 x 0.8 cm, spicy, shiny red color and can be harvested at the age of 80-85 days after planting (DAP). The average weight of chili per plants are 0.5 - 1.0 kg per plant, with weights per fruitranging from 2-3 grams and potential crops are 8-12 tons/ ha.
Ketahanan Hidup Bibit Ikan Mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus) Dan Nilai Parameter Kimiawi Lingkungan Pada Media Pemeliharaan Bioflok Dengan Debris Daluga Sebagai Sumber Karbon Emma Mauren Moko; Ferencia Esananda Rattu; Ernest Hanny Sakul; Orbanus Naharia; Aser Yalindua; Livana Dethris Rawung
Jurnal Kimia Fullerene Vol 6 No 1 (2021): Fullerene Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37033/fjc.v6i1.253

Abstract

Bioflok adalah teknik budidaya ikan untuk mengelola lingkungan budidaya dengan memanfaatkan mikroorganisme untuk meningkatkan penggunaan pakan dan sisa hasil metabolisme dengan penambahan sumber karbon organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketahanan hidup bibit ikan mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus) dan nilai parameter kimiawi lingkungan pada media pemeliharaan bioflok dengan debris daluga (Crytosperma merkusii) sebagai sumber karbon. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah tanpa bioflok, C:N=15, C:N=20, dan C:N=25. Hewan uji ikan mujair dengan panjang rata-rata 5,5 cm di tebar 10 ekor setiap ember. Parameter yang diamati adalah kualitas air yang meliputi suhu, pH, konduktivitas, dan redoks dan Survival Rate (SR) ikan mujair. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa perlakuan terbaik pada C:N=25 dengan persentase SR tertinggi yaitu, 86,67%. Kualitas air selama penelitian ada pada kondisi optimal di setiap perlakuan.
IMPACT OF BOTANICAL INSECTICIDES DERIVED FROM Pangium edule Reinw AND Annona muricata L. SEED EXTRACTS ON THE “GAY GANTUNG” DIAMONDBACK MOTH, Plutella xylostella L. Ernest Hanny Sakul
Agrotech Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2017): Agrotech Journal (ATJ)
Publisher : Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31327/atj.v2i2.245

Abstract

Insecticidal properties of fractioned extracts from Pangium edule Reinw seed and Annona muricata seed against Plutella xylostella larvae were investigated in the laboratory. The study was initiated to investigate the possibility of using botanical pesticides to control P.xylostella, a serious cosmopolitan pest of crucifer plants. The study aims to determine the most effective concentration and the most active extract;  to evaluate the different extract concentrations on the treated larvae; and to characterize the phytochemical contents of the most effective extracts fraction. The study was an experiment initiated by test of phytochemical screening test in order to discover the presence of secondary metabolites in the extracts. It was followed by the test of mortality of the diamondback moth larvae. Furthermore, the extracts hexane fraction and etanol fraction, were conducted with completely randomized design; The LC50 values were determined following probit analysis, the data were treated in the software programme IBM Statistic SPSS 20. Results showed that n-hexane fraction is the most effective againts larvae (LC50-48h = 12,71 mg/L) from P.edule seed extract, (LC50-48h = 50,81 mg/L) from A.muricata seed extract. Larva mortality was highest using 1000 ppm n-hexane fraction (96,6%) derived from P.edule seed extract, (93,3%) derived from A.muricata seed extract. The ethanol fraction tested positive for alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenol and tannins. N-hexane fraction of P.edule seed extract, and A.muricata seed extract are an effective botanical insecticides exhibiting larvicidal and antifeedant properties against P.xylostella thus it can be alternative to synthethic insecticides. Results indicate that these botanical insecticides have good possibilities for control of P.xylostella. Further work is necessary to evaluate and characterize the active components of the extract fractions and its efficacy in the fieldInsecticidal properties of fractioned extracts from Pangium edule Reinw seed and Annona muricata seed against Plutella xylostella larvae were investigated in the laboratory. The study was initiated to investigate the possibility of using botanical pesticides to control P.xylostella, a serious cosmopolitan pest of crucifer plants. The study aims to determine the most effective concentration and the most active extract;  to evaluate the different extract concentrations on the treated larvae; and to characterize the phytochemical contents of the most effective extracts fraction. The study was an experiment initiated by test of phytochemical screening test in order to discover the presence of secondary metabolites in the extracts. It was followed by the test of mortality of the diamondback moth larvae. Furthermore, the extracts hexane fraction and etanol fraction, were conducted with completely randomized design; The LC50 values were determined following probit analysis, the data were treated in the software programme IBM Statistic SPSS 20. Results showed that n-hexane fraction is the most effective againts larvae (LC50-48h = 12,71 mg/L) from P.edule seed extract, (LC50-48h = 50,81 mg/L) from A.muricata seed extract. Larva mortality was highest using 1000 ppm n-hexane fraction (96,6%) derived from P.edule seed extract, (93,3%) derived from A.muricata seed extract. The ethanol fraction tested positive for alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenol and tannins. N-hexane fraction of P.edule seed extract, and A.muricata seed extract are an effective botanical insecticides exhibiting larvicidal and antifeedant properties against P.xylostella thus it can be alternative to synthethic insecticides. Results indicate that these botanical insecticides have good possibilities for control of P.xylostella. Further work is necessary to evaluate and characterize the active components of the extract fractions and its efficacy in the field