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All Journal MEDIA PETERNAKAN - Journal of Animal Science and Technology Animal Production : Indonesian Journal of Animal Production
A Sodiq
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Veterinary

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The Rate of Blood Glucose Utilization in Thin Tailed Weaner Lambs Following a 5-week Feed Restriction Yuwono, P; Sodiq, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 8, No 1 (2006): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The purposes of the experiment were to investigate the effect of feed restriction on the rate of whole body glucose utilization and to examine relationship between basal glucose concentration in the blood and the rate of whole body glucose utilization. A total of 12 thin tailed weaner lambs (7-11.80 kg) was at random assigned to either treatments I (T1) or II (T2). T1 was restrictively fed for five weeks whereas T2 were fully fed during the experiment.  At the end of a 5-week restriction period, T1 lost live weight of 11.45% whereas T2 gained weight of 11.95%.  Glucose utilization rate was estimated by injecting a bolus of glucose into one jugular vein with a dose of 0.30 g per kg live weight.  Blood samples (2.50 ml) were taken from the other jugular vein 5 min before injection and 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 after injection of a bolus of glucose.  Collected data was analyzed using unpaired  “t” test with equal replicates. Statistical analysis indicated that the rate of whole body glucose utilization of T1 (mean±SE) was significantly (P<0.01) slower than that for T2 (0.88 ± 0.06 vs. 1.79 ± 0.25%/minute).  Mean basal blood glucose concentration of T1 and T2 (mean±SE) were 3.16 ± 0.21 and 4.19 ± 0.04 mM, respectively.  In conclusion, feed restriction for a long period of time impaired whole body glucose utilization. (Animal Production 8(1): 44-49 (2006) Key Words : Sheep, glucose, concentration, blood
A Review: Livestock On-Station and On-Farm Trial Sodiq, A; Susanto, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 1, No 1 (1999): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Scientist working in international livestock research are expected to be familiar with an interdisciplinary systems approach, and to work in multidisciplinary teams. The argument for this approach is that (1) discipline specialists are not equipped to understand the relationships between the components they focus on and the systems as a whole, (2) if the specialist operates in isolation from the other discipline, he/she is operating in isolation from the system and so the results may be irrelevant or, if applied, actually have a deleterious effect on the systems, (3) therefore, the specialist must understand the system through a  systems approach, a systems person, or the activities of a team. Applicants hoping to work in international livestock research are expected to have had project experience in the tropics, where the environment, culture, facilities and infrastructure  may be very different from that in Northern Europe. The purpose of this course is to familiarize student with the  multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary systems approach and to prepare them for their field projects in the tropics. (Animal Production 1(1) : 36-42 (1999).
Litter Size and Lamb Survivability of Batur Sheep in Upland Areas of Banjarnegara Regency, Indonesia Sodiq, A; Yuwono, P; Santosa, SA
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 13, No 3 (2011): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract. The objective of the current study was to find out the litter size and lamb survivability of Batur sheep, and also to identify the effects of ewe parities on litter size and lamb survivability; and the effects of birth type on lamb survivability of Batur sheep. The study was conducted at the Batur sheep Farming Group in the upland areas of Banjarnegara regency, Central Java province of  Indonesia.   Data from 311 records of lambing of Batur sheep at the village breeding centre for Batur sheep were analyzed. Least squares procedure by the General Linear Model was used to identify the effect of parity on litter size at birth and at weaning. Preweaning survivability was analyzed using the Chi-squares. Results showed that average litter size at birth and at weaning, and lambs survivability till weaning were 1.55±0.03 and 1.36±0.03 lambs; and 88.42%, respectively. Litter size at weaning and lambs survivability was significantly different among ewe parities, and increased by advancing ewes parities. Its indicating that age of ewe was important factor for the success in early stage for producing lamb. Survivability of single lamb (93.62%) was significantly higher that twins (84.11%). Increased care for twins by providing proper management might lead to a recognizable increase in lamb survival and flock productivity of Batur sheep.Key words: Batur sheep, litter size, lamb survivability, parity, preweaningAnimal Production 13(3):166-172 (2011)
Brahman Cross Development in Village Breeding Centre of the Sarjana Membangun Desa: Pitfall and A Lesson Learned Yuwono, P; Sodiq, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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This study was conducted to evaluate the cattle development regarding the pitfall to be lesson learned on cow-calf operation of Brahman Cross (BX) of farmer groups in Village Breeding Centre (VBC) in Central Java province.  Data on productivity of BX were compiled from 547 Brahman cows of 43 VBC of The Sarjana Membangun Desa (SMD) program years 2008-2009 distributed in 10 regencies. Dynamic population, calf-crop, calf and dam mortality, rate of second calving, and service per conception (S/C) were recorded. Quantitative and qualitative descriptive analyses  were applied in this study. Cow-calf operation of Brahman Cross in 43 VBC was unsuccessful in terms of low reproductive rate for the second pregnancy and calving as well as a high rate of calf and dam mortality.  The rate of the second calving was 2.89%.  Calf and dam mortality were 17.27 and 12.23% for the SMD year 2009, meanwhile 25.67 and 7.08%  for the SMD year 2008, respectively.  Cow-calf development of BX in 43 VBC with the goal of increasing cattle populations was not significant.  Some experiences on unsuccessful cow-calf development of BX must be taken into account and become a lesson learned for policy and program formulation in terms of cattle development through cow-calf operation of BX. The real actions through synergism and collaboration among parties (stakeholders) to solve the problems in BX development should be implemented in order to increase farmers’ income, and to achieve the main goal in the acceleration of self-sufficiency in beef production. (Animal Production 12(3): 156-162 (2010) Key Words: Beef cattle development, Brahman Cross, breeding, calf-crop.
The Development of National Beef-Cattle Population in Relation to Beef-Cattle Population at the Centre and Non Centre Area, and the Policy of National Development Program Sodiq, A; Nurwakhidati, yusuf
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 8, No 3 (2006): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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The objectives of this research were (1) to find out the development of beef-cattle population at national level, at the Centre Area of Population (CAP) and Non Centre Area of Population (NCAP), (2) to assess the relation between population of national beef-cattle and beef-cattle population at CAP and NCAP, (3) to study the policy of beef-cattle development program in Indonesia. The target of this study addressed to the Directorate General of Livestock Services, Republic of Indonesia. A literature review and communication methods were applied in this study. Descriptive and regression analysis were used for data analysis.  The study revealed that: (1) During 1995-2005, beef-cattle population at national level, CAP and NCAP were unstable.  Due to financial crises (1997), the population at national and CAP tended to decrease, but the population at NCAP was relatively constant.  During 2003-2005, national population tended to increase (0.83% per year), and that figure was less than national target (1.05%),  (2) Population of national beef-cattle (Y) was highly related (r2: 0,95; MSE: 108508) to the population of beef-cattle at NCAP (X);  Y = 4764492 + 0.896 X;  (3) An increase in beef-cattle population during 2000-2005 was due to an increase in calving and cattle importation. Slaughtering of cows should be controlled to increase calving. The evaluation results of beef self-sufficiency program revealed that there were failures in achieving main goals of the program. It is recommended that to improve the contribution of CAP to national needs, the development of cattle population should be focused in those areas.  The evaluation results of beef self-sufficiency program could be considered in the future policy in term of the development cattle population. Some causes of the policy failures: (1) the formulated policy was not equipped with detailed operation plans. The program formulation was limited to title and goal without elaborating the way to achieve the goal; (2) the programs prepared by the government were on national level with top down approaches but only at small scale considering the goal that were going to be achieved; (3) With only one common implementation strategy without considering the regional potential but based on prime commodity instead. Therefore, the program were scattered in very small sizes; and (4) The programs implementation were not carried out with methods that can be evaluated whether they were achieved or not and the program can not be adjusted to suit the local conditions. (Animal Production 8(3): 182-189 (2006) Key Words: Indonesia, beef-cattle population, beef-cattle development program
Feed Restriction Does Not Impair Insulin Sensitivity, but Exercise and Resumption of Full Feeding Increase Insulin Sensitivity and Blood Flow Across the Hind-Limb Muscles Yuwono, P; Sodiq, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 10, No 2 (2008): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kepekaan terhadap insulin dan pemanfaatan  glukosa  oleh kaki belakang domba yang mendapatkan perlakuan pembatasan pakan dan excersise serta pada domba yang diberi pakan penuh dan tidak excesise. Domba sebanyak 18 ekor berumur 8-9 bulan dikelompokan berdasarkan bobot badan dalam rancangan acak kelompok terdiri dari tiga perlakuan dengan enam ulangan. Terdapat dua periode dalam penelitian ini, pada peride I (45 hari) domba dalm perlakuan I dibatasi pemberian pakannya dan excersise selama 2,5 jam perhari, 6 hari seminggu dengan kecepatan 1,1 m per detik. Domba dalam perlakuan II  hanya mengalami pembatasan pakan saja, sedangkan domba dalam perlakuan III diberi pakan ad libitum dan tidak excersise. Pada periode II (30 hari), semua domba dalam perlakuan I, II dan III diberi pakan ad libitum dan berhenti excersise.  Kepekaan terhadap insulin ditandai oleh ektraksi glukosa selama hiperisulim  pada kaki belakang tidak berbeda nyata (P>0.05) antar perlakuan pada akhir periode I. Ekstraksi glukosa (rataan ± salah baku) masing-masing perlakuan adalah 4,71 ± 0,9; 3,70 ± 0,72; 3.49 ± 0.54 %/kg otot. Pada minggu kedua  periode II, kepekaan terhadap insulin cenderung lebih tinggi (P=0.064) dengan nilai ektraksi glukosa (rataan ± salah baku) untuk perlakuan I, II dan III masing-masing adalah 3,79 ± 0,26; 3,88 ± 0,39; 2.99 ± 0.41 %/kg otot. Pada akhir periode I, laju aliran darah yang melalui kaki belakang untuk perlakuan I dan II masing-masing lebih rendah 19 dan 24% dibandingkan dengan perlakuan III sehingga berakibat pemanfaatan glukosa lebih rendah (P<0,05). Pada periode II, laju aliran darah dan pemanfaatan glukosa tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) antara ketiga perlakuan. Disimpulkan bahwa pembatasan pakan tidak menurunkan kepekaan terhadap insulin.  Excersise dan pemberian pakan secara ad libitum setelah sebelumnya mengalami pembatasan pakan akan meningkatkan kepekaan terhadap insulin. (Animal Production 10(2): 90-95 (2008) Kata Kunci: Domba, glukosa, ektraksi, insulin, laju aliran darah, excersise, pembatasan paka
Basic Concept Of Animal Breeding: Some Considerations In Genetic Improvement Tawfik, Ezzat S; Sodiq, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 4, No 1 (2002): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Tersedia beberapa metode untuk meningkatkan sumber sari hayati ternak, yaitu seleksi terhadap bangsa-bangsa lokal yang tersedia, dan mengembangkan tipe ternak unggul melalui persilangan ataupun perpindahan gen. Pemuliabiakan ternak seharusnya tidak berpegangan adanya isolasi terhadap aspek-aspek lingkungan. Seringkali, suatu perbaikan stok menuntut adanya beberapa pakan tambahan ataupun  beberapa masukan lainnya. Suatu tinjauan (review) mengenai konsep dasar perbibitan ternak dengan penekanan beberapa hal penting pada pemuliabiakan ternak yaitu: masalah-masalah terhadap impor ternak unggul ke daerah Tropik dan Subtropik untuk pure breeding; peluang alternatif penerapan seperti ternak unggul dalam kawin silang; dan seleksi terhadap bangsa-bangsa lokal dan penerapan bangsa-bangsa impor akan dipaparkan pada tulisan ini. (Animal Production 4(1): 44-51 (2002)Key words: perbibitan ternak, pemuliabiakan ternak
Non-Genetic Factors Influence on Doe Productivity Performance of Local Kejobong Goat under Village Production System Sodiq, A; Haryanto, B
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 9, No 3 (2007): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui penampilan produktivitas induk kambing lokal Kejobong dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor lingkungan (bukan genetik) yang berpengaruh terhadap produktivitasnya. Penelitian lapang pada sistim produksi ternak ruminansia kecil melibatkan 212 ekor induk kambing. Koleksi data meliputi jumlah kepemilikan, identifikasi induk, jumlah cempe saat lahir dan sapih, jarak beranak, bobot sapih cempe, dan produktivitas induk. Prosedur General Linear Model (GLM) melalui bentuk fixed model diterapkan untuk menguji faktor tipe kelahiran dan paritas terhadap penampilan produktivitas induk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rataan jumlah cempe saat disapih 1,6 ekor, jarak beranak 268 hari, dan produktivitas induk 26,65 kg/induk/tahun. Faktor non genetik (tipe kelahiran dan paritas) nyata berpengaruh terhadap penampilan produktivitas induk kambing. Jumlah cempe saat disapih beserta produktivitas induk nyata meningkat hingga paritas keempat kemudian berangsur menurun kembali, dan juga meningkat pada tipe kelahiran kembar dua dan tiga. Jarak beranak nyata lebih pendek pada tipe kelahiran tunggal dibanding pada kelahiran kembar dua maupun tiga, demikian pula peningkatan paritas nyata memperpendek jarak beranak.  Peningkatkan produktivitas induk kambing direkomendasikan melalui usaha perbaikan pengelolaan, utamanya adalah memperpendek jarak beranak dan meningkatkan jumlah cempe hidup hingga disapih. (Animal Production 9(2): 123-128 (2007) Kata Kunci: Produktivitas induk kambing, jarak beranak, jumlah cempe saat disapih, tipe kelahiran, paritas
Reproductive Performance and Preweaning Mortality of Peranakan Etawah Goat under a Production System of Goat Farming Group in Gumelar Banyumas Sodiq, A; Sudewo, ATA
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 10, No 2 (2008): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Program pengembangan dan perbaikan sistim produksi peternakan dapat diawali dengan penilaian terhadap potensi suatu bangsa ternak melalui serangkaian proses pencatatan, evaluasi on-farm, dan monitoring. Tujuan kajian ini adalah (1) mengetahui penampilan reproduksi dan kematian cempe prasapih Kambing Peranakan Etawah pada sistim produksi di kelompok tani ternak kambing Gumelar Banyumas, dan (2) mengetahui faktor-faktor non-genetik yang berpengaruh terhadap penampilan reproduksi dan kematian cempe prasapih.  Digunakan kompilasi data penampilan reproduksi dan kematian cempe prasapih hasil penelitian lapang melibatkan 562 cempe dan 344 ekor induk kambing. Uji Chi-Square dan prosedur General Linear Model (GLM) diterapkan untuk menguji faktor-fator non-genetik (jenis kelamin, tipe kelahiran, paritas) yang berpengaruh  terhadap jumlah anak sekelahiran, kematian cempe prasapih, dan jarak beranak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rataan kematian cempe prasapih sebesar 5,9%. Kematian cempe prasapih betina (6,3%) nyata lebih tinggi  daripada jantan (5,4%). Kejadian kematian cempe prasapih paling sering dijumpai pada kelahiran kembar tiga (16,7%), sedangkan pada kelahiran kembar dua dan tunggal masing-masing sebesar 5,6% dan  2,9%.  Kematian cempe prasapih dipengaruhi oleh paritas induk, dan kecenderungan menurun dengan peningkatan paritas.  Rataan jumlah anak sekelahiran sebesar 1,64 ekor, dan dipengaruhi sangat nyata oleh paritas induk. Induk pada paritas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 7 menghasilkan jumlah anak sekelahiran berturut-turut 1,45; 1,71; 1,73; 1.95; 1,76; 1,83; dan 2,13 ekor.  Rataan jarak beranak 285 hari dan nyata dipengaruhi oleh faktor paritas induk dan tipe kelahiran.  Jarak beranak nyata lebih pendek dengan peningkatan paritas induk (1-7) berturut-turut adalah 319, 271, 261, 234, 236, 230, dan 228 hari. Jarak beranak nyata dipengaruhi oleh tipe kelahiran,  pada kelahiran tunggal rataan jarak beranak (308 hari) nyata lebih pendek dibandingkan pada kelahiran kembar dua (272 hari) dan kembar tiga (245 hari).  (Animal Production 10(2): 67-72 (2008) Kata Kunci: Kambing Peranakan Etawah, jumlah anak sekelahiran, mortalitas cempe prasapih, jarak beranak,sistem produksi peternakan
Assessment of the Kid Production Traits of Kacang Goat under Smallholders Production System Sodiq, A; Priyono, A; Tawfik, ES
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The main objectives of this study were to assess the influence of environmental (non-genetic) factors on kid production traits of Kacang goat under smallholders production system. The study was conducted at the Kacang goat smallholders, located at the centre of Kacang goat in Gundi subdistric, Purwodadi regency, Central Java. The kid production traits evaluated are birth weight, weaning weight, and growth rate till weaning. The environmental factors assessed were: sex (male, female), type of birth (singles, twins, triplets) and dam’s parity (1-7). Data were analysed statistically according to the analysis of variance procedure using the General Linear Model (GLM). Least squares analysis revealed that dam’s parity, birth type, and sex of kid were significant sources of variation for birth and weaning weight and pre weaning growth in Kacang kids. The average birth weight, weaning weight and pre weaning growth of males (2.07±0.02 kg;  10.457±0.1 kg; 69.35±0.73 g/d) were found to be higher than females (1.95±0.02 kg; 9.15±0.09 kg; 60.73±0.71 g/d). Kid production traits increased with parity, with the largest values at the fourth parity and then slightly decreased thereafter.  The average male and female birth weight (2.18+0.03 kg; 2.02+0.03 kg), weaning weight (10.72+0.11 and  9.39+0.13 kg) and pre weaning growth (71.63+0.79 and  62.21+0.96 g/d ) of single kids were heavier than twins, and triplets indicating the influence of the mothering ability of doe. It was recommended, the farmers should consider maternal ability for improvement of weaning weight and growth rate of Kacang kids. (Animal Production 12(2): 111-116 (2010)Key Words: Kacang goat, kid production, birth weight, weaning weight, growth rate
Co-Authors A Priyono, A A Susanto ATA Sudewo, ATA B Haryanto ES Tawfik, ES Ezzat S Tawfik, Ezzat S NA Setianto, NA P Yuwono, P SA Santosa, SA Soedjadi Soedjadi, Soedjadi yusuf Nurwakhidati, yusuf