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Pemanfatan Ekstrak Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus spp.) pada Penyimpanan Daging Ayam pada Suhu Ruang (26oC) Saskiawan, Iwan; Sukarminah, Een; Lanti, Indira; Marta, Herlina; Nabila, Putri
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 13, No 2 (2017): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v13i2.3402

ABSTRACTRecently, food preservation especially for meat is becoming one of the subjects of food technology that is still developed. Organic acids is commonly used for food preservative. Meat is easily destroyed mainly by Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus spp.), well known as an edible mushrooms is one of the food resources that have antimicrobial activity. The application of oyster mushroom extracts in chicken meat is done using extract concentrations of 0%, 12.5%, 18.75%, 25%, 31.25% and 37.5% where 12,5% is the MIC to inhibit E. coli and S. aureus. The results showed that the application of brown oyster mushroom extracts with concentration of 31.25% can mantain freshness of chicken meat for 12 hours of storage at room temperature (26oC) with the total number of microbes of 8.6 x 105 cfu/g, the total number of E. coli of 0.3 x 101 cfu/g, the total number of S. aureus of 7.7 x 101 cfu/g. It was appropriate with Indonesian National Standard ( SNI 3924:2009). It required the condition such as no decomposition, pH 5.53, color organoleptic value of 3.42 (fair to good) and texture organoleptic value of 3.53 (fair to good).Keywords : oyster mushroom extract, antimicrobial, chicken meat preserving

PEMANFATAN EKSTRAK JAMUR TIRAM (PLEUROTUS SPP.) PADA PENYIMPANAN DAGING AYAM PADA SUHU RUANG (26OC) Saskiawan, Iwan; Sukarminah, Een; Lanti, Indira; Marta, Herlina; Nabila, Putri
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 13, No 2 (2017): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v13i2.3402

ABSTRACTRecently, food preservation especially for meat is becoming one of the subjects of food technology that is still developed. Organic acids is commonly used for food preservative. Meat is easily destroyed mainly by Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus spp.), well known as an edible mushrooms is one of the food resources that have antimicrobial activity. The application of oyster mushroom extracts in chicken meat is done using extract concentrations of 0%, 12.5%, 18.75%, 25%, 31.25% and 37.5% where 12,5% is the MIC to inhibit E. coli and S. aureus. The results showed that the application of brown oyster mushroom extracts with concentration of 31.25% can mantain freshness of chicken meat for 12 hours of storage at room temperature (26oC) with the total number of microbes of 8.6 x 105 cfu/g, the total number of E. coli of 0.3 x 101 cfu/g, the total number of S. aureus of 7.7 x 101 cfu/g. It was appropriate with Indonesian National Standard ( SNI 3924:2009). It required the condition such as no decomposition, pH 5.53, color organoleptic value of 3.42 (fair to good) and texture organoleptic value of 3.53 (fair to good).Keywords : oyster mushroom extract, antimicrobial, chicken meat preserving

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Sel Awal dan pH Medium pada Fermentasi Xilitol dari Hidrolisat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Efri Mardawati; Dara Nadira Daulay; Dwi Wahyuda Wira; Een Sukarminah
Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri Vol 7, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Agro-industrial Technology, University of Brawijaya

AbstrakLimbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Kandungan yang cukup besar dari TKKS adalah hemiselulosa. Hemiselulosa dapat dihidrolisis menjadi xilosa, dan xilosa dapat difermentasi menjadi xilitol. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi sel khamir awal dan pH medium pada proses fermentasi xilitol dari hidrolisat TKKS. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental dan dianalisis secara deskriptif terhadap variasi konsentrasi sel khamir awal dan pH. Analisis dilakukan dalam 9 perlakuan dengan 2 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa xilitol hanya terbentuk pada perlakuan pH 5 dengan konsentrasi sel awal 108 sel/mL pada jam ke 24 dan ke 96. Pada jam ke 24 dihasilkan xilitol sebesar 0,047 g/L dan perolehan xilitol terhadap xilosa 0,045 g/g. Pada jam ke 96 sebesar 0,138 g/L dan perolehan xilitol terhadap xilosa 0,094 g/g.Kata kunci: konsentrasi sel, pH, tandan kosong kelapa sawit, xilitol AbstractWaste of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) can utilize optimally. The essential content of OPEFB was hemicellulose. Hemicellulose can be hydrolyzed into xylose, and the xylose fermented into xylitol. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of yeast initial cell concentration and medium pH on xylitol fermentation process from OPEFB hydrolysate. The research method used was an experimental method and analyzed descriptively to the variation of yeast initial cell concentration and pH. The analysis was performed in 9 treatments with two replications. The results showed that xylitol was only formed at the treatment with pH 5 and an initial cell concentration of 108 cells/mL. At 24 hours xylitol was produced by 0.0474 g/L, and xylitol result to the xylose was 0.454 g/g. At 96 hours xylitol was produced 0.1381 g/L and xylitol yield to the xylose was 0.0938 g/g.Keywords: cell concentrations, pH, oil palm empty fruit bunches, xylitol

PROFIL GELATINISASI TEPUNG SORGUM PUTIH TERMODIFIKASI α-AMILASE Endah Wulandari; Een Sukarminah; Efri Mardawati; Hanni Listia Furi
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 30 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

Sorghum is potential to be developed into flour based products due its high starch content (around 80.42%). However, native sorghum flour is unstable during cooking, has low viscosity, and limited swelling power resulting in limited use in the industry. Starch in sorghum flour requires long cooking time and high cooking temperature, therefore modifications is needed to improve the properties of the sorghum starch. Enzymatic modification using α-amylase at (0, 200, 400, and 600 units/g) was selected. The results showed that modification using α-amylase of 200 units/g flour produced better characteristics of modified sorghum flour. The α-amylase modified flour has A type pattern of amylography, gelatinization temperature of 78.77°C, peak viscosity of 1266.67 BU, starch content of 48.41%, amylose content of 15.77%, and amylopectin content of 32.64%. The characteristics make the flour suitable for use in the manufacture of extrusion products.

The Effects of the Addition of Banana Puree to the Total Number of Total Probiotic Bacteria, pH Value and Organoleptic Characteristics of the Synbiotic Yoghurt Made from Goat Milk and Banana Puree Nafila Fidina; Een Sukarminah; Debby Moody Sumanti
Journal of Industrial and Information Technology in Agriculture Vol 2, No 1 (2018): Agroindustry in Small Enterprises
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Synbiotic yoghurt is a yoghurt with the addition of prebiotics and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that serves as probiotic which helps to improve digestion, able to survive in gastric acid condition and able to improve immune system. The milk that was used in this study is Saneen goat milk which has higher digestibility than cow milk. The banana used in this study will be processed into puree form. The purpose of study was to determine the concentration of banana puree on synbiotic yoghurt made from goat milk and banana puree with the best microbiological, pH value, viscosity and organoleptic characteristics. The research method used was randomized block design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Synbiotic yoghurt was made with difference concentrations of banana puree of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The 50% addition of banana puree produced the best synbiotic yoghurt with 4,15 pH, 9,43 Log cfu/ml and 9,16 Log cfu/ml total probiotic bacteria, and the organoleptic characteristics including color, flavor, taste, texture and overall appearance rather preferred by panelists.

Ozonation Pretreatment Evaluation for Xylanase Crude Extract Production from Corncob under Solid-State Fermentation Efri Mardawati; Surya Martha Pratiwi; Robi Andoyo; Tita Rialita; Mochamad Djali; Yana Cahyana; Een Sukarminah; In-In Hanidah; Imas Siti Setiasih
Journal of Industrial and Information Technology in Agriculture Vol 1, No 2 (2017): DECEMBER 2017
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Xylanases are highly exploited enzyme in industries, including food and chemical industry. Xylanases can be utilized in catalyzing the endohydrolysis of 1,4-β-xylosidic linkages in xylan, lignocellulosic component to produce xylose-monomer. This research aims to optimize xylanase production from alternative substrate, corncob. Corncob contains 41.17% of hemicellulose, polymer of xylan. Xylanases are produced through solid state fermentation by Trichoderma viride. Ratio between substrate and moistening solution was 0.63 g/mL with fermentation temperature 32,8OC. Variables varied include incubation time and pretreatment (using autoclave, ozonation, combination of ozonation and autoclave, also without pretreatment). Xylanase activity was measured by DNS method using 1% of xylan as substrate standard. The result showed that the best incubation time is 36 h with 14403.8707 U/mg protein for specific xylanase activity by using autoclave as pretreatment. Ozonation pretreatment process can increase the enzyme activity of xylanase.

The Effect of Freeze Dried Lactobacillus acidophilus Culture Concentration an Microbiological and Organoleptic Characteristics of Synbiotic Biscuits Made From Sorghum Flour and Soybean Flour Een Sukarminah; Endah Wulandari; Debby Moody Sumanti; Efri Mardawati; Elazmanawati Lembong; Okta Paulia
Journal of Industrial and Information Technology in Agriculture Vol 1, No 2 (2017): DECEMBER 2017
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Sorghum flour and soybean flour can be processed as the main raw material in the manufacture of functional food product, namely synbiotic biscuits with addition of freeze dried Lactobacillus acidophilus culture. The purpose of study was to determine the concentration of freeze dried L. acidophilus culture on synbiotic biscuits made from sorghum flour and soybean flour with the best microbiological and organoleptic characteristics. The research method used was randomized block design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were the freeze dried L. acidophilus concentration 8%, 10%, 12%, and 14%. The results of study showed that the addition of freeze dried culture of L. acidophilus to the synbiotic biscuits made from sorghum flour and soybean flour gave a significant different effect on total L. acidophilus probiotic bacteria, aroma and yield, but did not give a significant effect on the color, taste and texture preferences. Synbiotic biscuits made from sorghum flour and soybean flour with the addition of freeze dried L. acidophilus concentration of 14% (w/w) were selected as the synbiotic biscuit with the best characteristic with total bacterial content of probiotics 10,67 Log CFU g-1, were perceived a bit like to like by the panelist and the obtained yield was 92,14%.

Xylitol Production from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) Via Simultaneous Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation Process Efri Mardawati; Nadya Maharani; Dwi Wahyudha Wira; Budi Mandra Harahap; Tri Yuliana; Een Sukarminah
Journal of Industrial and Information Technology in Agriculture Vol 2, No 1 (2018): Agroindustry in Small Enterprises
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jiita.v2i1.25064

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are the waste of palm oil processing and lignocellulosic biomass that can be used as raw material for xylitol production. In this research, bioconversion of xylitol using the Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) process in one reactor with a short time and could save the cost. Pretreatment requires to degrade the lignin compound with thermal pretreatment. Hydrolysis of OPEFB performs enzymatically by commercial xylanase enzyme that is Cellic Htec2 and continued with fermentation by yeast Debaryomyces hansenii. The research used experimental and descriptive analysis that covers of variation of OPEFB substrate concentration (7.5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) on specific growth rate (µ), the yield of xylitol and substrate utilization. The results showed that an increase of OPEFB substrate concentration affected by the increase of specific growth rates (μ) are 0.091/h, 0.094/h, 0.095/h and 0.126/h. It also affected to the decreasing of xylitol yield on 42 hours fermentation are 0.201 g/g; 0.189 g/g; 0.170 g/g; and 0.104 g/g.

Kajian Substitusi Kacang Komak (Lablab Purpureus (L.) Sweet) Terhadap Nasi Kecambah Sorgum Merah Endah Wulandari; Heni Radiani Arifin; Een Sukarminah; Elazmanawati Lembong; Devi Nurul Fadilah
Chimica et Natura Acta Vol 7, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Departemen Kimia

Nasi sorgum memiliki nutrisi yang setara dengan nasi beras padi. Namun permasalahan yang terdapat dalam sorgum yaitu mengandung zat antinutrisi seperti tanin yang cukup tinggi dan memiliki kualitas protein rendah karena kurangnya kandungan lisin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan hubungan keeratan substitusi kacang komak terhadap daya cerna protein nasi sorgum merah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif (regresi korelasi). Percobaan terdiri dari 6 perlakuan yaitu dengan penambahan kacang komak sampai dengan 50% pada beras sorgum dan beras kecambah sorgum. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nasi kecambah sorgum merah dengan penambahan kacang komak akan meningkatkan kadar tanin sebesar 0,189%. Kadar protein pada nasi kecambah sorgum merah sebesar 7,314%. Daya cerna protein pada nasi kecambah sorgum yaitu sebesar 57,605%. Terdapat hubungan yang sangat kuat antara substitusi kacang komak dan pengecambahan pada nasi sorgum merah dan dapat meningkatakan kadar protein dan daya cerna protein, dan menurunkan kadar tanin.

Karakterisasi Sifat Fungsional Isolat Protein Biji Sorgum Merah (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Varietas Lokal Bandung Endah Wulandari; Fantun Sudrajat P. Sihombing; Een Sukarminah; Marleen Sunyoto
Chimica et Natura Acta Vol 7, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Departemen Kimia

Sorgum merupakan salah satu jenis seralia dengan kadar protein yang tinggi dibandingkan serealia lainnya. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi pengolahan yang semakin modern menjadikan serealia seperti biji sorgum tidak hanya diolah secara konvensional, namun dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai food ingredient atau bahan tambahan pangan. Isolasi protein atau pemurnian protein pada prinsipnya didasarkan atas dua proses utama, yaitu ekstraksi dan pengendapan. Karakteristik fungsional protein sangat penting dalam proses dan formulasi produk pangan. Beberapa karakteristik fungsional protein yang penting meliputi daya serap air, daya serap lemak, kapasitas emulsi, kapasitas buih, dan gelasi (viskositas). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fungsional yang dimiliki oleh sorgum merah yang terdiri dari biji, beras, dan dedak sorgum merah. Isolat protein biji sorgum merah mengandung kadar protein 35,50%, dengan nilai daya serap air 132,404%, nilai daya serap lemak 151, 452%, kapasitas emulsi 2,725%, kapasitas buih 47,5 ml/g dan viskositas 35,75 cP. Isolat protein beras sorgum merah mengandung kadar protein 33,09% dengan nilai daya serap air 162,008%, nilai daya serap lemak 154, 463%, kapasitas emulsi 13%, kapasitas buih 56,25 ml/g dan viskositas 42,5 cP. Isolat protein dedak sorgum merah mengandung kadar protein 25,98%. dengan nilai daya serap air 157,874%, nilai daya serap lemak 145,039%, kapasitas emulsi 0,575%, kapasitas buih 38,75 ml/g dan viskositas 21,5 cP.

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