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Pengembangan Perekat Likuid dan Papan Partikel dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Sawit Surdiding Ruhendi; Tito Sucipto
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) is one of lignocellulosic natural resource, which is highly potential as adhesive and particleboard raw materials. The purpose of the study was determine wood liquid qualities, and to evaluate the effect of adhesive contents, wood liquid extension levels on melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin, and resorcinol formaldehyde (RF) fortification levels on wood liquid to particleboard quality. The results showed that the EFB wood liquid is considered as phenolic resin group, liquid form and free of dirt, reddish brown color, pH 11, 34 cps viscosity, solids content of 34.47%, and gelatine time >60 minutes. Some characteristics of wood liquid adhesives meet SNI 06-4567-1998, namely the form, appearance, pH, and gelatine time. The physical and mechanical properties of particle board for all treatments were 0.64-0.93 g/cm3 density, moisture content 6-12%, thickness swelling 13-292%, water absorption 39-239%, modulus of rupture (MOR) 16-199 kg/cm2, modulus of elasticity (MOE) 2321-19810 kg/cm2, internal bonding 0.16-7.19 kg, and screw holding power 16-62 kg. Some physical and mechanical properties of particle board meet the standard of JIS A 5908-2003. Particleboard using MF resin without wood liquid extension (adhesive content of 20%) was the best quality particleboard. Wood liquid for particleboard recommended using wood liquid fortified with 5% MF resin (adhesive content of 15%) and MF resin with 15% wood liquid extensions (adhesive content of 20%) produced good quality particleboard.

The qualities of core kenaf particle boards were studied. The boards were made of core kenaf particles and their liquids fortified by melamine formaldehyde. Core kenaf liquids were prepared using 20 – 60 mesh particles, phenol : formaldehyde ratio of 0,5, based on Masri (2005). SNI 06-4567-1998 and JIS A 5908-2003 were used to grade the kenaf liquids and particle board. Factorial analysis 3 x 3 in Complete Randomized Design was applied with 2 replications. Glue spread with 3 levels (10, 15 a Surdiding RUHENDI
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 1 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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The qualities of core kenaf particle boards were studied. The boards were made of core kenaf particles and their liquids fortified by melamine formaldehyde. Core kenaf liquids were prepared using 20 – 60 mesh particles, phenol : formaldehyde ratio of 0,5, based on Masri (2005). SNI 06-4567-1998 and JIS A 5908-2003 were used to grade the kenaf liquids and particle board. Factorial analysis 3 x 3 in Complete Randomized Design was applied with 2 replications. Glue spread with 3 levels (10, 15 and 20% of the oven dry weight kenaf particles) and fortification MF with 3 levels (15, 30 and 45% of the solid content of the kenaf liquids) were used. Kenaf particles were cold soaked prior bonding. The condition of bonding operation in making particle board were : pressure of 20 kgf/cm2 at 160ºC for 12 minutes. The best result of particle board produced by 20% glue spread and 45% MF fortification with the properties as follows : density of 0,7 g/cm3, moisture content of 6,6%, water absorb ability of 55,6%, thickness swelling of 16,6%, screw holding strength of 641,2 N, internal bond of 0,86 N/mm2, MOE of 2131,9 N/mm2, and MOR of 15,3 N/mm2. Fortifications doesn’t significantly affect the quality of the particle boards. Keywords: Core-kenaf, kenaf liquids, fortification.

Physical and mechanical properties of jabon wood particleboards were studied. The wood particle from lower, upper parts of trunk and branches of jabon tree were used. The wood wettability was observed at lower, upper part of trunk and branches of 2.5 years old jabon tree from Cihideung Ilir village, Bogor. The quality of particleboard in terms of density, moisture content, thickness swelling, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, internal bond, and screw holding power were tested accordance Surdiding RUHENDI; Erwinsyah PUTRA
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Physical and mechanical properties of jabon wood particleboards were studied. The wood particle from lower, upper parts of trunk and branches of jabon tree were used. The wood wettability was observed at lower, upper part of trunk and branches of 2.5 years old jabon tree from Cihideung Ilir village, Bogor. The quality of particleboard in terms of density, moisture content, thickness swelling, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, internal bond, and screw holding power were tested accordance with JIS 5908:2003. In general partikel bord made of jabon wood from upper, lower of trunk and branches of jabon were as follow: density (0.61 g/cm³, 0.58 g/cm³, 0.65 g/cm³), moisture content (9.9%, 9.7%, 9.3%), thickness swelling (44.8%; 52.3%; 30.6%), modulus of elasticity (9716.1 kg/cm², 7997.4 kg/cm², 12954.3 kg/cm²), modulus of rupture (82.6 kg/cm², 71.3 kg/cm², 90.8 kg/cm²), internal bond (5.06 kg/cm², 3.02 kg/cm², 6.12 kg/cm²) and screw holding power (30.6 kg/cm², 38.8 kg/cm², 47.5 kg/cm²), respectively. The quality of jabon wood were not affected by the precentage of adhesive used. There were a variability in wettability of jabon wood between parts of tree. The wettability of jabon wood of upper, lower trunk and branches were 1800.4, 2126.1 and 2169.7 mm, respectively. Furthermore, the variabilities were also happened in almost all physical dan mechanical properties of the particleboard. The higher the wettability the higher the quality of the particleboard, means that wettability as a good indicator for quality of jabon woods particleboard.The quality of particleboard made of woods from branches were better than others. Keywords: particleboard, jabon, wettability,gluability

Papan Partikel Berperekat Likuida Tandan Kosong Sawit Difortifikasi dengan Fenol Formaldehida (Particleboard Bonded with Phenol Formaldehyde-Fortified Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Liquid ) Adesna Fatrawana; Surdiding Ruhendi; Sena Maulana; Deded S Nawawi; Fauzi Febrianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v14i1.353

Lignocellulosic waste from oil palm industry is a potential versatile resource. It can be used as raw material of bio-composite, pulp and paper, bioenergy, and many chemicals products. The aimed of this research was to investigate the characteristics of particleboard from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) bonded with phenol formaldehyde (PF)-fortified oil palm EFB liquid adhesive. Fortification level of EFB liquid was varied at 5, 10, and 15%. The adhesive level of 10, 15, and 20% were used for particleboard manufactures with target density of 0.7 g cm-3. The particleboard quality was evaluated based on its physical (density, moisture content, thickness swelling) and mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, internal bonding, and screw holding resistant) according to JIS standard. In order to improve bonding quality, the EFB particles was treated by hot water at 100 oC for 6 h. The results showed that the quality of particleboard increased by addition of fortifier as well as adhesive level, except for thickness swelling. The best particleboard properties was produced with 20% adhesive level and 15% fortifier, however, physical and mechanical properties of most particleboard produced did not satisfy the JIS A 5908:2003 requirement.Keywords: empty fruit bunch, fortifier, liquid adhesive, oil palm, particleboard, phenol formaldehyde

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particleboard Made from Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) Fruit Hulls Reinforced with Wood Particle Apri H Iswanto; Fauzi Febrianto; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; Surdiding Ruhendi; Dede Hermawan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objective of this research was to evaluate the properties of particleboard made from mixtures of jatropha fruit hulls (JFH) and wood particle in several mixture ratios. JFH, and mangium wood (Acacia mangium Wild) particle were untreated and treated with 1% acetic acid solution for 24 h. Urea formaldehyde (UF) resin with 10% resin content (SC: 63%) was used as binder. The ratio of JFH and wood particles were set at 100:0, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, and 0:100. The target density of particleboard was set at 0.70 g cm-3. The temperature and pressure of hot pressing were set at 130 ºC and 2.544 N mm-2 for 10 minutes. The physical and mechanical properties of particleboard were evaluated according to JIS A 5908-2003 standard. The result indicated that addition of untreated mangium wood particle onto JFH particles improved mechanical properties of board especially modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) parameters. However, the internal bond (IB) parameter was found to decrease with addition of wood particle. The higher amount of wood particle added resulted in the better the MOR and MOE parameters. Addition of acetic acid treated mangium wood particle onto JFH particleboard resulted in lower physical and mechanical properties.Key words: Jatropha curcas, fruit hulls, particleboard, wood particle

Fortifikasi Perekat Lateks Karet Alam-Stirena dengan Isosianat: Karakteristik dan Aplikasinya pada Kayu Lapis (Fortification of Natural Rubber Lateks-Styrene with Isocyanate: Characteristics and its Application for Plywood Adhesive) Widya Fatriasari; Surdiding Ruhendi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This study was to evaluate the blending composition effects of natural rubber lateks-styrena (NRL-St)/isocyanate adhesive on their properties and sengon plywood quality. The blending mixture consists of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30 and 0/100. Physico-chemical properties of these adhesives in therms of solid content (gravimetric method), pH (pH indicator paper), viscosity (Viscometer Brookfield), and contact angle (Motic software) were characterized. The bond strength (SNI 01-2704-1992) and formaldehyde emission (WKI bottle method) of plywood were also determined. Isocyanate fortification increased the solid content and viscosity of adhesive mixture, while pH was vice versa. The contact angle of adhesive mixture was about 450.Isocyanate fortification onto NRL-St improved plywood bond strength and significant improvement was happened on the composition of 80/20. Plywood hot pressing for 5 minutes increased the bond strength until isocyanate fortification 20%, while 10 minutes hot pressing also improved the bond strength on all of the composition adhesive. Only adhesive mixture of 70/30 that gave the lowest formaldehyde emission and fulfiled E1 standard (<0.1 ppm). Generally,the increasing of hot pressing time tended to decrease formaldehyde emmision of plywood. Bond strength of plywood fulfill SNI standard and E1 standard was isocyanate fortification of 30%.

Response of Andong Bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea) to Isocyanate Adhesive Ignasia M Sulastiningsih; Surdiding Ruhendi; Muhammad Y Massijaya; Wayan Darnawan; Adi Santoso
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The response of Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea to isocyanate adhesive was investigated by evaluating its bonding quality. The bamboo strips were categorized based on the position at the bamboo culm viz bottom,midle, and top. One part of the bamboo strips were immersed in 7% boron solution for 2 hours.The treated and untreated bamboo strips were glued parallel to each other using the isocyanate adhesive at the glue spread of 250 g m-2 to produce two-ply laminates. The bonding surfaces of two-ply laminates were designed into 3 different combinations viz between inner and outer surfaces, both between inner surfaces, and both between outer surfaces. The bonding strength and bamboo failure were evaluated in dry and wet conditions. Results showed that the response of G. pseudoarundinacea to isocyanate adhesive was significantly affected by the posision at the bamboo culm, bamboo strips treatment and combination of bonding surfaces. In comparasion with the middle and the top part, the bottom part of bamboo culm had the highest bonding strength (dry test). However, the wet test results showed that the bonding strength of laminates made from bottom part did not significantly different with that of middle part. The preservation treatment on bamboo strips reduced the bonding strength.Key words: bamboo, bonding strength, isocyanate, laminates, preservation

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