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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Akuatik: Jurnal Sumberdaya Perairan Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Jurnal Ilmiah Cendekia Eksakta
Lia Kusmita
Jurusan S1 Farmasi, Fakultas Famasi, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi “Yayasan Pharmasi” Semarang
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Environmental Science Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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THE INFLUENCE OF STRONG AND WEAK ACID UPON AGGREGATION AND PHEOPHYTINIZATION OF CHLOROPHYLL A AND B Lia Kusmita; Leenawaty Limantara
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 9, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1065.36 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.21564

Abstract

Chlorophyll is green pigment that can be found in plant chloroplast. Higher plants usually have two kinds of chlorophylls, chlorophyll a and b. These green pigments are easily degraded by temperature, light intensity, oxygen, acid, and water. Water causes aggregation of chlorophyll, while acid causes pheophytinization of chlorophyll. Aggregation and pheophytinization process of chlorophyll are influenced by solvents. This study was conducted to observe the spectral difference of aggregated chlorophyll in acetone and methanol upon pheophytinization by strong (HCl) and weak acid (CH3COOH), in comparison to the non-aggregated chlorophyll. Observation of spectral pattern was carried out using double beam spectrophotometer CARY 50 at 350-1100 nm. The result shows that pheophytinization of chlorophyll a and b causes hypsochromic shift, particularly at Soret band. There are new peak formations in Qx region, specifically at 506 and 535 nm for pheophytinized-chlorophyll a, and at 371, 435, 526 and 599 nm for pheophytinized-chlorophyll b.
DEAGREGASI EKSTRAK KASAR PIGMEN (Sargassum crasifolium) J.G. AGARDH DALAM PELARUT ASETON DAN METANOL EDWIN MAHENDRA; LIA KUSMITA; A.B. SUSANTO; LEENAWATY LIMANTARA
Akuatik: Jurnal Sumberdaya Perairan Vol 2 No 2 (2008): AKUATIK : Jurnal Sumberdaya Perairan
Publisher : Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Biology, University of Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (641.041 KB)

Abstract

Several kinds of algae have high economical value because its nutrition and chemical composition can be used in every social aspects. One of them is Brown algae, Sargassum crasifolium which contains photosynthesis pigment, that is chlorophyl a and c. According to Goodwin (1974) and Fitton (2005) this algae is very rich of karotenoid, a kind of fukosantin. According to Gross (1991), chloropyhl will be easy to have degradation if there is extremely environmental changing, for instances: temperature, light intensity, and acid. This research is aimed to know the influence of acid on the aggregate and rough extract spectrum system of Sargassum crasifolium in aseton and metanol by in vitro which has been formed after adding water. Adding acid either asetat acid or hydrochloric acid forms Feofitin Tang indicated by the changing of rough extract spectrum system of Sargassum crasifolium in Qy, Qx and Soret. Kinds of solvent and amount of acid do influence the extract deaggregation process of Sargassum crasifolium. Hydrochloric acid and CH3COOH are able to deaggregate the extract of Sargassum crasifolium in aseton and metanol which has been formed after adding water. If we compare them, HCL will be more significant than CH3COOH to deaggregate.
Bacterial Symbionts of Soft Coral Lobophytum Sp. From Panjang Island, Jepara, Indonesia With Antimicrobial MDR TB Potency Yuvianti Dwi Franyoto; Ahmad Fuad Masduqi; Sakti Muchlisin; Prasetyo Abi Widyananto; Sulistiyani Sulistiyani; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Lia Kusmita
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 5 (2019): Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i5.200

Abstract

Tubercolusis is a disease that attacks the lungs. The disease is caused by the bacterium mycobacterium tubercolusis. The bacteria mycobacterium tubercolusis can be killed by antibiotics. However, continuous use of antibiotics can cause bacterial resistance. So we need to find new drugs that can prevent multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of MDR TB from soft coral symbiont bacteria Lobophytum sp. There were 6 bacterial isolates obtained from soft coral Lobophytum sp. One isolate from Lobophytum-associated bacteria were successfully screened for antimycobacterial against MDR TB bacteria. PLO2 was found to inhibit the growth of MDR TB (MDR TB strain SIRE and R). Based on the results of identification with PCR, soft coral symbionts of PLO2 was closely related to Virgibacillus marismortui with homology of 99%.
Antihipercolesterolemia Effects and Acute Toxicity Test of Pheophytin on Green Tea Lia Kusmita; Ika Puspitaningrum
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 5 No. 1 (2020): Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v5i1.222

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia is a condition characterized by increased levels of total cholesterol in the blood. Pheophytin is the result of degradation of chlorophyll which is the dominant pigment in green tea, and has been shown to have the same antioxidant properties as ?- carotene. This study aims to determine the antihypercholesterolemia effect and effective dose of pheophytin isolates and acute toxicity tests to determine the safety level of pheophytin isolates. Antihipocolesterolemia test uses induction of high-fat feed that is a mixture of standard food, pork oil and quail egg yolk (16: 3: 1). While the acute toxicity test is carried out based on OECD 423, Clinical symptoms that arise for 3 hours are observed intensively. Histopathological examination data of liver and kidney organs were performed on day 14. Data obtained in the form of LD 50 and clinical symptoms that arise as well as histopathological results were analyzed qualitatively. Statistical test results of percent reduction in total cholesterol levels showed a significant difference between the negative control group and the pheophytin isolates of the three doses. This proves that pheophytin isolates can have antihypercholesterolemic effect with an effective dose of 10 mg/kgBW. Histopathological examination results of aorta and liver of rats showed that the higher the dose of pheophytin isolates, the lighter the degree of fatty acid. While the toxicity test results showed that the LD50 value of pheophytin isolates was more than 2000 mg / kgBW (non-toxic category). However, pheophytin isolate with LD50 is more than 2000 mg/kgBW which has shown the presence of pancreatic degeneration and hydropic degeneration, but necrosis has not occurred yet.
Leaf Extract Microencapsulation of Stevia rebaudiana Bert Using Inulin-Chitosan as Anti-Diabetes Diet Mutmainah Mutmainah; Yohanes Martono; Ika Puspitaningrum; Lia Kusmita
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 5 No. 3 (2021): Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v5i3.270

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a collection of symptoms that arise in someone who has increased blood glucose levels. The Stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bert) contains a compound of diterpene glycosides as steviosida and rebaudiosida A. Purified extract of steviosida and rebaudiosida A is widely used as a sweetener for low calorie food and beverage products or as a sugar substitute for diabetics and has the effect of lowering blood sugar levels. This study aims to determine the antidiabetic effect of microencapsulated preparations of Stevia leaf extract (Stevia rebaudiana) with a combination of inulin chitosan encapsulation. Antidiabetic mellitus test was carried out in vivo using test animals of male white rats of Wistar strain. The inducing compound that can cause the condition of diabetes mellitus test animals is Aloxan with a dose of 150 mg / kg Body weight of rats. given intraperitoneally for one day, then the mice were allowed to stand for 3 days to reach a state of diabetes mellitus. Blood glucose levels of test animals were measured on days 1 (initial), 5 (induction) and 12 (treatment) to determine the initial blood glucose levels, after induction of alloxan and after administration of test compounds both CMC Na 0.5% , glibenclamide, and preparations microencapsulation of Stevia leaf extract at a dose of 100; 300; and 700 mg / kg body weight. The results were obtained after 7 days of treatment, it was seen that blood glucose levels in the CMC group remained high, while the Glibenclamid administration group, and the three dosages of microencapsulation preparations of Stevia leaf extract could reduce blood glucose levels. This can be seen from the statistical test that there is a significant difference (p
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN FORMULASI SEDIAAN KRIM EKSTRAK KULIT KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogaea L.) Yuvianti Dwi Franyoto; Mutmainah Mutmainah; Lia Kusmita
CENDEKIA EKSAKTA Vol 4, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.3194/ce.v4i1.2674

Abstract

Limbah kulit kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) umumnya dihasilkan dari industri pengolahan kacang yang sebagian besar limbahnya belum dimanfaatkan. Hal ini sangat disayangkan karena di dalam limbah kulit kacang tanah terkandung senyawa fenolik yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan alami. Serbuk kulit kacang tanah dimaserasi dengan etanol 70%. Ekstrak yang diperoleh disaring dan diuapkan. Ekstrak diperiksa aktivitas antioksidannya menggunakan metode  DPPH (α, α-difenil-β-picrylhydrazyl) dengan asam askorbat  sebagai baku standar. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak kulit kacang tanah diperoleh nilai IC50 sebesar 118,54 µg/ml, sedangkan vitamin C diperoleh nilai IC50 sebesar 12,35 µg/ml. Ekstrak kulit kacang tanah yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan krim. Hasil pengamatan organoleptis krim ekstrak  kacang tanah menunjukan warna putih kecoklatan,  homogen, pH 6.2 dan memiliki daya sebar dan viskositas yang baik. Kata Kunci : antioksidan, krim, kulit kacang tanah
POTENSI EKSTRAK Stevia rebaudiana Bert PADA SEDIAAN KRIM TABIR SURYA Mutmainah Mutmainah; Lia Kusmita; Yuvianti Dwi Franyoto; Ida Suskawati; Yohanes Martono
CENDEKIA EKSAKTA Vol 4, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.3194/ce.v4i1.2671

Abstract

Sinar UV diketahui memiliki potensi bahaya terhadap kulit manusia, sehingga dibutuhkan tabir surya yang dapat melindungi kulit dari bahaya radiasi sinar matahari Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat aktivitas biologis dan formulasi ekstrak yang dibuat dari daun Stevia rebaudiana Bert kering. Stevia rebaudiana Bert adalah daun yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai tabir surya. Daun, tetapi juga batang dan bunga stevia mengandung campuran kompleks glikosida diterpen manis, termasuk isosteviol, steviolbioside, stevioside, rebaudiosides (A, B, C, D, E dan F), dan dulcoside A. Selain glikosida, daun stevia juga mengandung komponen lainnya, seperti flavonoid, asam fenolik, asam lemak, protein dan vitamin. Stevia rebaudiana Bert diekstraksi dengan etanol selanjutnya diformulasikan dalam sediaan krim untuk dilihat potensi tabir surya. Hasil uji menunjukkan ekstrak Stevia rebaudiana Bert dalam sediaan krim memiliki efektifitas sebagai tabir surya pada panjang gelombang 290 nm dan memiliki potensi sebagai tabir surya dengan kategori proteksi ultra dengan nilai SPF > 15.  Keywords: Stevia rebaudiana Bert, tabir surya, krim .
Co-Authors A.B. SUSANTO Ahmad Fuad Masduqi Diah Permata Wijayanti EDWIN MAHENDRA Franyoto, Yuvianti Dwi Ida Suskawati Ika Puspitaningrum Leenawaty Limantara Mutmainah Mutmainah Mutmainah Mutmainah Mutmainah Mutmainah Prasetyo Abi Widyananto Sakti Muchlisin Sulistiyani Sulistiyani Yohanes Martono