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Alley cropping of legumes with grasses as forages : Effect of different grass species and row spacing of gliricidia on the growth and biomass production of forages Yuhaeni, Siti; Suratmini, N.P; Purwantari, N.D; Manurung, T; Sutedi, E
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (851.476 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v2i4.79

Abstract

A study to evaluate the effect of different grass species and row spacing of gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) on the growth and biomass production of forages in an alley cropping system was conducted in two different agroclimatical zones i.e. Bogor, located at 500 m a .s .l . with an average annual rainfall of 3,112 nun/year and Sukabumi located at 900 m a .s .l . with an average annual rainfall of 1,402 mm/year . Both locations have low N, P, and K content and the soil is classified as acidic. The experimental design used was a split plot design with 3 replicates . The main plots were different grass species i.e. king grass  (Pennisetum purpureum x P. typhoides) and elephant grass (P. purpureum). The sub plots were the row spacing of gliricidia at 2, 3, 4, 6 m (1 hedgerows) and 4 m (2 hedgerows). The results indicated that the growth and biomass production of grasses were significantly affected (P<0 .05) by the treatments in Bogor. The highest biomass productions was obtained from the 2 m row spacing which gave the highest dry matter production of grasses (1 .65 kg/hill) and gliricidia (0 .086 kg/tree) . In Sukabumi the growth and biomass production of grasses and gliricidia were also significantly affected by the treatments . The highest dry matter production was obtained with 2 m row spacing (dry matter of grasses and gliricidia were 1 .12 kg/hill and 0 .026 kg/tree, respectively) . The result further indicated that biomass production of forages increased with the increase in gliricidia population. The alley cropping system wich is suitable for Bogor was the 2 m row spacing of gliricidia intercropped with either king or elephant grass and for  Sukabumi 2 and 4 m (2 rows of gliricidia) row spacing intercropped with king or elephant grass .   Keywords : Alley cropping, grasses, legumes, row spacing
The potential, variety, and nutrient content of natural vegetation as feedstuffs grown under cashewnut plantation Sutedi, E; Mathius, I-W; Suratmini, NIP; ButarButar, S. Oloan; Manurung, T; Yuhaeni, S; Panjaitan, Tanda S.; Muzaini, A
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 6, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (133.277 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v6i2.227

Abstract

Ruminant production is limited by the quality, the sufficiency and the continuation of feed supply, especially during the dry season. The objective of the study was to find out the potency, type and quality of natural vegetation grown under cashewnut plantation. The study was carried out by exploration of existing natural vegetation resources in cashewnut plantation area. Results showed that native pasture growing under cashewnut plantation area comprised of dry-tolerant grasses and legumes, such as Setaria sp., Themeda sp., Calopogonium mucunoides, and Desmodium sp. The fresh yield and the dry matter production of natural vegetation grown under less than eight years old of cashewnut plantation was lower compared to those grown under cashewnut plantation of more than eight years old. This may be due to shading by the tree crop, which is known to reduce the photosynthetically active radiation reaching the ground of vegetation. It seems that, light is the critical factor affecting the growth of vegetation underneath tree canopies. Carrying capacity of native forages grown under cashewnut plantation was only 0.5 animal unit of ruminant/ha/year.   Key words: Natural vegetation, cashewnut plantation, carrying capacity
Response of Calliandra calothyrsus to inoculation of mutant strain of rhizobia Purwantari, N.D; Sutedi, E
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 10, No 3 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (178.548 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v10i3.442

Abstract

Rifampicin mutants of rhizobial strain CB3171rif50 and CB3090rif100 were the most effective nitrogen fixing strain of rhizobia selected under axenic condition. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the symbiotic response of C. Calothyrsus inoculated by CB3171rif50 or CB3090rif100 grown in the field, on latosol soil with pH 5,2. Plants were either (1) inoculated with mutant strain CB3171rif50, (2) inoculated with mutant strain mutant CB3090rif100 (3) uninoculated and without nitrogen addition or (4) uninoculated and with nitrogen fertilizer as a basal fertilizer. Treatments were replicated four times and arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design. Parameters measured were plant height at early stage of the growth, leaf weight, stem weight, nodule number and weight, proportion of nodule formed by inoculant, N and P content of leaf. Results shows that C. calothyrsus was responded to Rhizobium inoculation. The rate of regrowth was faster for the inoculated plant than that of uninoculated and no nitrogen addition. CB3171rif50 produced significantly (P<0.05) the highest leaf fresh and dry weight. At the first harvest (10 month-old of plant) it produced 2106 g/tree that equivalent to 18.72 ton/ha. The lowest was achieved by uninoculated plant which was 556 g/tree that equivalent to 4.94 ton/ha. The production of shoot was increased at the subsequent harvests. CB3171rif50 was out yielded in all harvest, except for the second harvest. The highest total production of leaf fresh weight was obtained by plant inoculated with strain mutan CB3171rif50 which was 50.62 ton ha-1 year-1, followed by CB3090rif100, which was 39.75 ton ha-1 year-1 and the lowest was obtained by uninoculated plant, in a range of 29.64–30.62 ton ha-1 year-1. Nodule recovery shows that nodule samples from uninoculated plant were not resistant to 50 ppm and 100 ppm rifampicin antibiotic that means not producing mutant strain, indicating that those nodules were from the native rhizobial strains. Recovery of nodules showed that proportion of nodules infected by strain mutant CB3171rif50 was 61.3% from nodules tested and nodules infected by CB3090rif100 was 20%. Both mutant strains inoculation have increased the plant production and reinoculation was not necessary till 19 month-old of the plant. Re-inoculation should be considered after this period.     Key Words: Calliandra calothyrsus, Rhizobium, Mutant, Inoculation
Productivity of Indigofera sp. at different drought stress level and defoliations interval Herdiawan, Iwan; Sutedi, E
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (59.535 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v17i2.690

Abstract

This study was aimed at determining the interaction between drought stress and defoliation interval on the productivity of Indigofera sp. This study was done based on Complete Randomized Design (CRD) 3x2 factorial, the first factor was without drought stress (100% FC), medium drought stress (50% FC), and severe drought stress (25% FC), and the second factor was the defoliation interval of 60 day and 90 days, each treatment was repeated 5 times. Observed variables were biomass production, and leaf/stem ratio. Results showed that there were significant interactions (P < 0.05) between drought stress and defoliations interval on the productivity of Indigofera sp. The highest biomass production of Indigofera sp. (424.47 g/plant) was obtained from treatment of wihtout dought stress (100% FC) combined with defoliations interval of 90 days, while the lowest (184.55 g/plant) was reached at treatment of severe drought stress (25% FC) and depoliations interval of 60 days. The highest leaf/stem ratio (1.47) was reahced at treatment severe drouht stress (25% FC) and depoliations interval of 60 days and the lowest (1.05) was reached at combination treatment of drought stress and depoliations interval of 90 days. Defoliations interval of 90 days showed higer biomass production than depoliations interval of 60 days. Key Word: Drought Stress, Depoliation, Indigofera sp
The potential, variety, and nutrient content of natural vegetation as feedstuffs grown under cashewnut plantation E Sutedi; I-W Mathius; NIP Suratmini; S. Oloan ButarButar; T Manurung; S Yuhaeni; Tanda S. Panjaitan; A Muzaini
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 6, No 2 (2001): JUNE 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (133.277 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v6i2.227

Abstract

Ruminant production is limited by the quality, the sufficiency and the continuation of feed supply, especially during the dry season. The objective of the study was to find out the potency, type and quality of natural vegetation grown under cashewnut plantation. The study was carried out by exploration of existing natural vegetation resources in cashewnut plantation area. Results showed that native pasture growing under cashewnut plantation area comprised of dry-tolerant grasses and legumes, such as Setaria sp., Themeda sp., Calopogonium mucunoides, and Desmodium sp. The fresh yield and the dry matter production of natural vegetation grown under less than eight years old of cashewnut plantation was lower compared to those grown under cashewnut plantation of more than eight years old. This may be due to shading by the tree crop, which is known to reduce the photosynthetically active radiation reaching the ground of vegetation. It seems that, light is the critical factor affecting the growth of vegetation underneath tree canopies. Carrying capacity of native forages grown under cashewnut plantation was only 0.5 animal unit of ruminant/ha/year.   Key words: Natural vegetation, cashewnut plantation, carrying capacity
Response of Calliandra calothyrsus to inoculation of mutant strain of rhizobia N.D Purwantari; E Sutedi
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 10, No 3 (2005): SEPTEMBER 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (178.548 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v10i3.442

Abstract

Rifampicin mutants of rhizobial strain CB3171rif50 and CB3090rif100 were the most effective nitrogen fixing strain of rhizobia selected under axenic condition. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the symbiotic response of C. Calothyrsus inoculated by CB3171rif50 or CB3090rif100 grown in the field, on latosol soil with pH 5,2. Plants were either (1) inoculated with mutant strain CB3171rif50, (2) inoculated with mutant strain mutant CB3090rif100 (3) uninoculated and without nitrogen addition or (4) uninoculated and with nitrogen fertilizer as a basal fertilizer. Treatments were replicated four times and arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design. Parameters measured were plant height at early stage of the growth, leaf weight, stem weight, nodule number and weight, proportion of nodule formed by inoculant, N and P content of leaf. Results shows that C. calothyrsus was responded to Rhizobium inoculation. The rate of regrowth was faster for the inoculated plant than that of uninoculated and no nitrogen addition. CB3171rif50 produced significantly (P<0.05) the highest leaf fresh and dry weight. At the first harvest (10 month-old of plant) it produced 2106 g/tree that equivalent to 18.72 ton/ha. The lowest was achieved by uninoculated plant which was 556 g/tree that equivalent to 4.94 ton/ha. The production of shoot was increased at the subsequent harvests. CB3171rif50 was out yielded in all harvest, except for the second harvest. The highest total production of leaf fresh weight was obtained by plant inoculated with strain mutan CB3171rif50 which was 50.62 ton ha-1 year-1, followed by CB3090rif100, which was 39.75 ton ha-1 year-1 and the lowest was obtained by uninoculated plant, in a range of 29.64–30.62 ton ha-1 year-1. Nodule recovery shows that nodule samples from uninoculated plant were not resistant to 50 ppm and 100 ppm rifampicin antibiotic that means not producing mutant strain, indicating that those nodules were from the native rhizobial strains. Recovery of nodules showed that proportion of nodules infected by strain mutant CB3171rif50 was 61.3% from nodules tested and nodules infected by CB3090rif100 was 20%. Both mutant strains inoculation have increased the plant production and reinoculation was not necessary till 19 month-old of the plant. Re-inoculation should be considered after this period.     Key Words: Calliandra calothyrsus, Rhizobium, Mutant, Inoculation
Productivity of Indigofera sp. at different drought stress level and defoliations interval Iwan Herdiawan; E Sutedi
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 17, No 2 (2012): JUNE 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (59.535 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v17i2.690

Abstract

This study was aimed at determining the interaction between drought stress and defoliation interval on the productivity of Indigofera sp. This study was done based on Complete Randomized Design (CRD) 3x2 factorial, the first factor was without drought stress (100% FC), medium drought stress (50% FC), and severe drought stress (25% FC), and the second factor was the defoliation interval of 60 day and 90 days, each treatment was repeated 5 times. Observed variables were biomass production, and leaf/stem ratio. Results showed that there were significant interactions (P < 0.05) between drought stress and defoliations interval on the productivity of Indigofera sp. The highest biomass production of Indigofera sp. (424.47 g/plant) was obtained from treatment of wihtout dought stress (100% FC) combined with defoliations interval of 90 days, while the lowest (184.55 g/plant) was reached at treatment of severe drought stress (25% FC) and depoliations interval of 60 days. The highest leaf/stem ratio (1.47) was reahced at treatment severe drouht stress (25% FC) and depoliations interval of 60 days and the lowest (1.05) was reached at combination treatment of drought stress and depoliations interval of 90 days. Defoliations interval of 90 days showed higer biomass production than depoliations interval of 60 days. Key Word: Drought Stress, Depoliation, Indigofera sp
Alley cropping of legumes with grasses as forages : Effect of different grass species and row spacing of gliricidia on the growth and biomass production of forages Siti Yuhaeni; N.P Suratmini; N.D Purwantari; T Manurung; E Sutedi
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 2, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (851.476 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v2i4.79

Abstract

A study to evaluate the effect of different grass species and row spacing of gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) on the growth and biomass production of forages in an alley cropping system was conducted in two different agroclimatical zones i.e. Bogor, located at 500 m a .s .l . with an average annual rainfall of 3,112 nun/year and Sukabumi located at 900 m a .s .l . with an average annual rainfall of 1,402 mm/year . Both locations have low N, P, and K content and the soil is classified as acidic. The experimental design used was a split plot design with 3 replicates . The main plots were different grass species i.e. king grass  (Pennisetum purpureum x P. typhoides) and elephant grass (P. purpureum). The sub plots were the row spacing of gliricidia at 2, 3, 4, 6 m (1 hedgerows) and 4 m (2 hedgerows). The results indicated that the growth and biomass production of grasses were significantly affected (P<0 .05) by the treatments in Bogor. The highest biomass productions was obtained from the 2 m row spacing which gave the highest dry matter production of grasses (1 .65 kg/hill) and gliricidia (0 .086 kg/tree) . In Sukabumi the growth and biomass production of grasses and gliricidia were also significantly affected by the treatments . The highest dry matter production was obtained with 2 m row spacing (dry matter of grasses and gliricidia were 1 .12 kg/hill and 0 .026 kg/tree, respectively) . The result further indicated that biomass production of forages increased with the increase in gliricidia population. The alley cropping system wich is suitable for Bogor was the 2 m row spacing of gliricidia intercropped with either king or elephant grass and for  Sukabumi 2 and 4 m (2 rows of gliricidia) row spacing intercropped with king or elephant grass .   Keywords : Alley cropping, grasses, legumes, row spacing
Co-Authors A Muzaini I-W Mathius Iwan Herdiawan Iwan Herdiawan N.D Purwantari N.P Suratmini NIP Suratmini S Yuhaeni S. Oloan ButarButar Siti Yuhaeni T Manurung Tanda S. Panjaitan