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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Life Science
Mukh Syaifudin
Center for Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Public Health

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Peranan Faktor Imun dan Profil Protein dalam Penelitian dan Pengembangan Vaksin Malaria Iradiasi Syaifudin, Mukh
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 1 (2014): March 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i1.2929

Abstract

Pengembangan vaksin terhadap malaria yang merupakan penyakit yang mematikan tetap menjadi satu prioritas kesehatan masyarakat global, termasuk pemanfaatan parasit iradiasi sebagai bahan vaksin. Imunisasi dengan sporozoit iradiasi mampu memberikan imunitas protektif pada hewan coba dan sukarelawan. Mekanisme sistem kekebalan tubuh ini banyak dipelajari karena merupakan faktor penting dalam pengembangan vaksin, demikian halnya profil dan/atau ekspresi protein pasca iradiasi yang terkait erat dengan keamanan dan aspek lain dari bahan vaksin. Meskipun telah melalui penelitian yang ekstensif, vaksin yang aman dan protektif belum dapat diperoleh karena masih diperlukan pengetahuan yang lebih mendalam mengenai mekanisme imunitas dan protein dalam litbang malaria. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sel limfosit T berperan penting dalam pengaturan respon imun dan pembentukan memori imunologik yang mengontrol dan mengeliminasi infeksi. Sitokin proinflamasi seperti interleukin-12 (IL-12), interferon-gamma (IFN-?), dan tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) juga merupakan mediator esensial dari imunitas protektif pada malaria eritrositik. Berbagai pendekatan lain terkait respon imun seperti genetika molekuler saat ini sedang dilakukan. Studi juga menunjukkan bahwa profil protein bergantung pada beberapa faktor yang akan dibahas lebih lanjut dalam makalah.The development of vaccine against malaria as the deadly disease remains the global public health priority; and it includes the use of irradiated parasites as vaccine materials. Immunization with irradiated sporozoites could provide protective immunity in animals and volunteers. The mechanism of this body immunity system has been studied widely due to its important role in the development of vaccines and profiles and/or protein expression post-irradiation which are closely related to safety and other aspects of vaccine materials. Even though extensive research has been done, a safe and protective vaccine remains elusive because more deeply knowledge on immunity mechanism and protein in malaria research is still needed. Results showed that T-cell lymphocytes have an important role in the regulation of immune response and in the formation of immunological memory which controls and eliminates the infection. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-12 (IL-12), interferon-gamma (IFN-?), and alpha tumor necrosis factor (TNF-?) are also essential mediators of protective immunity in erythrocytic malaria. Various other approaches related to immune response such as molecular genetics has been carried out. The study also showed that protein profile is depended on some factors that will be discussed further in the paper.
Preliminary Study on the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of XRCC1 Gene Identificationto Improve the Outcomes of Radiotherapy for Cervical Cancer Tetriana, Devita; Mailana, Wiwin; Kurnia, Iin; Syaifudin, Mukh
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 7, No 2 (2015): September 2015
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v7i2.3949

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the most fatal disease among Indonesian women. In recognition of the substantial variation in the intrinsic response of individuals to radiation, an effort had been done to identify the genetic markers, primarily Single Nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are associated with responsiveness of cancer cells to radiation therapy. One of these SNPs is X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) that is one of the most important genes in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair pathways. Meta-analysis in the determination of the association of XRCC1 polymorphisms with cervical cancer revealed the potential role of XRCC1 polymorphisms in predicting cell response to radiotherapy.Our preliminary study with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that radiotherapy affected the XRCC1 gene analyzed in blood of cervical cancer patient. Other published study found three SNPs of XRCC1 (Arg194Trp, Arg280His, and Arg399Gln) that cause amino acid substitutions. Arg194Trp is only SNPs that associated with high risk of cervical cancer but not others. Additionally, structure and function of this protein can be altered by functional SNPs, which may lead to the susceptibility of individuals to cancers. Anotherstudy found G399A polymorphisms. We concluded that SNP of this DNA repair genes have been found to be good predictors of efficacy of radiotherapy.Kanker serviks adalah penyakit yang paling fatal pada perempuan di Indonesia. Untuk memahami variasi substansial respon intrinsik individual terhadap radiasi, suatu usaha telah dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi petanda genetik, terutama Single Nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), yang berkaitan dengan responsel kanker terhadap terapi radiasi. Satu dari SNP tersebut adalah X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) yang merupakan satu dari gen paling penting dalam lajur perbaikan asam deoksiribonukleat (DNA). Meta-analysis dalam penentuan hubungan polimorfisme XRCC1 dengan kanker serviks menemukan adanya peranan potensial polimorfisme XRCC1 dalam memprediksi respon sel terhadap radioterapi. Studi awal kami menggunakan real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) menunjukkan bahwa radioterapi mempengaruhi gen XRCC1yang dianalisis dalam darah pasien kanker serviks. Studi yang telah dipublikasi menemukan tiga SNP dari XRCC1 (Arg194Trp, Arg280His, dan Arg399Gln) yang menyebabkan substitusi asam amino. Arg194Trp merupakan satu-satunya SNP yang berkaitan dengan tingginya risiko kanker serviks, tetapi tidak pada yang lain. Di samping itu, strukturdan fungsi protein ini dapat berubah oleh SNP fungsional, yang mengarah ke kerentanan individu untuk menderita kanker. Studi lain menemukan polimorfisme G399A. Kami menyimpulkan bahwa SNP dari gen perbaikan DNA ini merupakan prediktor yang baik dari keberhasilan radioterapi.
Protein Profile and Hematological Parameters of Mice post Injected with Irradiated Plasmodium berghei Rosadi, Imam; Syaifudin, Mukh; Elfidasari, Dewi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 2 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i2.6341

Abstract

Indonesia had a high number of malaria cases where the treatments are only perceived by 10% of patients in health facilities. The resistance of Plasmodium sp. to drugs causes the difficulty of controlling malaria. The use of irradiation to produce malaria vaccine material is being explored until nowadays. In previously study that dose rate of gamma irradiation delivered to parasite was at the low dose rate (380 Gy/hour) which produced several doses that not be able to attenuate the parasite. This research aimed to increase dose rate (740 Gy/hour) and to determine the dose irradiation effect of 150-250 Gy to the protein profile, erythrocyte and leukocyte numbers in mouse blood infected by P. berghei erythrocytic stage. Results showed that there was an influence of dose rate of 740 Gy/hour for doses of 150-250 Gy in treated mice and no difference in erythrocyte, leucocyte and body weight with negative control. Dose of 150 Gy was the optimal dose to attenuate parasites, whereas doses more than 150 Gy effectively killed the parasites. The changes of protein profile marked by the appearance of higher number of bands at molecular weight of 30-37 kDa that predicted as merozoite surface protein of P. berghei and/or antibodies elicited in mouse.How to CiteRosadi, I., Syaifudin, M., & Elfidasari, D. (2016). Protein Profile and Hematological Parameters of Mice post Injected with Irradiated Plasmodium berghei. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(2), 155-164
Capability of Vitamin E as a Radioprotector in Suppressing DNA Damage Determined with Comet Assay Darlina, Darlina; A., Lusy Dahlia; Alatas, Zubaidah; Kisnanto, Teja; Syaifudin, Mukh
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.8333

Abstract

Radiation has a potent to damage cells. Radiation may act directly or indirectly on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that results in the degeneration of tissues and necrotic, and thereby it needs a potent radioprotector to prevent these damages. Vitamin E is natural product known as an antioxidant which has potential as radioprotector. This research aimed to determine the capability of vitamin E with emphasized on the searching for its optimal concentration as radioprotector of DNA damage. This study used blood samples of healthy person irradiated with gamma rays at a dose of 6 Gy as the lethal dose to lymphocytes. The cocentrations of vitamin E from 0 to 0.8 mM was added into blood 15 minutes before irradiation. Isolation of lymphocytes was done using gradient centrifugation method. Evaluation on the capability of this compound in suppressing DNA damage was done by using alkaline Comet assay and data analysis was done using CaspLab program. The results show that addition of vitamin E could suppres these DNA damages and 0.8 mM of vitamin could reduce DNA damage up to 94.2%. We conclude that vitamin E effectively suppresed DNA damages induced by radiation. This information may benefit to the patient from negative impacts of radiotherapy.
Worker Health Monitoring Through Whole Body Counter Examination for Safety and Radiation Protection (2017-2018 Data) Surniyantoro, Harry Nugroho Eko; Sugiyana, Sugiyana; Prasetio, Heru; Ikram, Abarrul; Syaifudin, Mukh
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 17, No 2 (2021): KEMAS (Article in Press)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v17i2.25911

Abstract

Abstract. Radiation protection is an action or effort taken to reduce the effects of damaging radiation exposure. Therefore, it is necessary to routinely monitor the condition of workers, among others, with a whole-body counter (WBC) either for daily activities or in a radiation emergency. In this research 78 male and female workers with an average age of 44.51 years who have been worked for 1 up to more than 30 years at the Center for Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology (PTKMR) - BATAN in 2018-2019 have been determined with standard procedures. The results showed that the average K-40 count for the year 2018 was 3767.35 ± 975.33 Bq. Among the 80 participants tested, internal radioisotopic contamination with Cs-137 was detected in one person, but the levels were marginal and just exceeded the detection limit (250 Bq/body). This average value was lower than that of the previous year (2017) i.e. 4274.74 ± 740.85 Bq for 43 respondents. There is no positive correlation between radioactivity with the bodyweight of respondents but correlated positively with body mass index. It was concluded that the radioactivities of the workers of PTKMR are still within a normal range.
Worker Health Monitoring Through Whole Body Counter Examination for Safety and Radiation Protection (2017-2019 Data) Sugiyana, Sugiyana; Prasetio, Heru; Ikram, Abarrul; Syaifudin, Mukh; Surniyantoro, Harry Nugroho Eko
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 17, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v17i2.25911

Abstract

Radiation protection is an action or effort taken to reduce the effects of damaging radiation exposure. Therefore, it is necessary to routinely monitor the condition of workers, among others, with a whole-body counter (WBC) either for daily activities or in a radiation emergency. In this research 78 male and female workers with an average age of 44.51 years old who have been worked for 1 up to more than 30 years at the Center for Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology (PTKMR) - BATAN in 2018-2019 have been determined with standard procedures. The results showed that the average K-40 count for the year 2018 was 3767.35 ± 975.33 Bq. Among the 80 participants tested, internal radio-isotopic contamination with Cs-137 was detected in one person, but the levels were marginal and just exceeded the detection limit (250 Bq/body). This average value was lower than that of the previous year (2017) i.e. 4274.74 ± 740.85 Bq for 43 respondents. There is no positive correlation between radioactivity with the bodyweight of respondents but correlated positively with body mass index. It is concluded that the radio-activities of the workers of PTKMR are still within a normal range. 
Analisis Tingkat Kerusakan DNA pada Sel Limfosit Perokok dan Non Perokok Akibat Paparan Radiasi Gamma dengan Teknik Comet Assay Astiti, Ikhsana Nuri; Anggraito, Yustinus Ulung; Syaifudin, Mukh
Life Science Vol 7 No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Abstract

Radiasi gamma dan asap rokok diketahui memiliki potensi dalam memicu kerusakan DNA pada suatu sel, sehingga berpengaruh besar dalam mempengaruhi tingat kerusakan DNA karena dapat memicu kerusakan DNA basal sehubungan dengan kerusakan genetik limfosit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dosis radiasi gamma, status merokok, serta interaksi keduanya terhadap kerusakan DNA pada sel limfosit perokok dan non perokok dengan teknik comet assay. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktorial dua faktor yaitu dosis radiasi gamma dan status merokok. Analisis menggunakan software CASP dan uji Anova dua arah. Nilai tail length (TL) kelompok non perokok yaitu berkisar 4,59 hingga 129,15 µm dan berkisar 14,57 hingga 194,82 µm untuk perokok, nilai tail moment (TM) non perokok berkisar 0,11 hingga 51,73 µm dan berkisar 1,33 hingga 103,94 µm untuk perokok, sedangkan nilai tail DNA (TD) non perokok berkisar 1,84 hingga 30,88 µm dan berkisar 6,42 hingga 41,50 µm untuk perokok. Hasil uji Duncan nilai TL akibat dosis 6 Gy berbeda nyata dengan 8 Gy. Nilai TM akibat dosis 8 Gy berbeda nyata dengan dosis 0, 2, 4, dan 6 Gy. Nilai TD akibat dosis 6 dan 8 Gy berbeda nyata dengan dosis 0, 2, dan 4 Gy. Berdasarkan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dosis radiasi gamma berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap nilai TL, TM, dan TD (<0,01), status merokok berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai TL (p<0,05) dan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai TM dan TD (p<0,05), sedangkan interaksi keduanya tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai TL, TM, dan TD (p<0,05). Gamma radiation and cigarette smoke is known have the potential to trigger DNA damage in a cell, so large influential in affecting level of DNA damage because can trigger DNA damage basal with respect to lymphocytes genetic damage. This study aims to analyze the effect of gamma radiation dose, smoking status and the interaction both against DNA damage in lymphocytes smokers and non-smokers with the comet assay technique. This was experimental research with complete randomized groups design (RKLT) factorial two factors which is dose of gamma radiation and smoking status. Analyzed to using software CASP and Anova test. Tail length (TL) value non-smokers range from 4,59 to 129,15 μm and range 14,57 to 194,82 μm for smokers group, tail moment (TM) value non-smokers range 0,11 to 51,73 μm and range 1,33 to 103, 94 μm for smokers group, while tail DNA (TD) value non-smokers range 1,84 to 30,88 μm and range 6,42 to 41,50 μm μm for smokers group. The results Duncan test TL value effect of dose 6 Gy significant different with dose 8 Gy. Tail moment (TM) value effect of dose 8 Gy significant different with dose 0, 2, 4, and 6 Gy. Tail DNA (TD) value effect of dose 6 and 8 Gy significant different with dose 0, 2, and 4 Gy. Based on this research, it could conclude that the dose of gamma radiation significant effect of TL, TM, and TD value (<0.01), smoking status significant effect of TL value (p <0.05) and not significant effect of TM and TD value (p <0.05), while the interaction both not significant effect of TL, TM, and TD value (p <0.05).
Deteksi Pembentukan Mikronuklei Sel Darah Limfosit Akibat Paparan Radiasi Dosis Bertingkat pada Responden dengan Jenis Kelamin dan Usia Berbeda Purnami, Sri Wahyu; Anggraito, Yustinus Ulung; Syaifudin, Mukh; Lusiyanti, Yanti
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Abstract

Mikronuklei merupakan penanda yang baik dari paparan genotoksik pada manusia dan merupakan indikator dari ketidakstabilan kromosom. Pada proses pembentukan mikronuklei (MN) dengan teknik cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN), sitokinesis diblok dengan sitokalasin B, sehingga dapat mengidentifikasi fragmen (patahan) kromosom pada tahap mitosis menjadi MN. Frekuensi terbentuknya MN dipengaruhi oleh dosis radiasi, jenis kelamin, usia, dan gaya hidup. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak faktorial, dengan tiga faktor variabel bebas yaitu paparan dosis radiasi sinar X, usia pendonor, dan jenis kelamin pendonor. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan dosis radiasi sinar X sebesar 0 Gy, 0,5 Gy, 2 Gy, dan 4 Gy. Sel darah limfosit diperoleh dari responden laki-laki dan perempuan pada usia 26-35 tahun, 36-45 tahun, dan 46-55 tahun, ada satu sampel pada masing-masing usia. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis varians tiga faktor, uji normalitas dan homogenitas dengan anava menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistic 20 for Windows. Diperoleh hasil F hitung > F tabel (5%) pada perlakuan dosis radiasi terhadap frekuensi pembentukan MN, usia, jenis kelamin, dosis radiasi dengan usia, dosis radiasi dengan jenis kelamin, dosis radiasi dengan usia dengan jenis kelamin. Diartikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan frekuensi MN yang signifikan berdasarkan perlakuan dosis radiasi sinar X, usia, dan jenis kelamin. F hitung < F tabel (5%) pada perlakuan usia dengan jenis kelamin, diartikan bahwa usia dengan jenis kelamin tidak saling berinteraksi tanpa adanya dosis radiasi, sehingga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap frekuensi pembentukan MN. Micronuclei is a good marker of exposure to genotoxic in humans and is an indicator of chromosomal instability. In the process of forming micronuclei (MN) with the technique of cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN), cytokinesis blocked by sitokalasin B, so as to identify fragments (break) chromosomes in mitosis phase becomes MN. The frequency of MN formation is affected by the radiation dose, sex, age, and lifestyle. This study design was a randomized complete group factorial, with three independent variables that factor exposure dose of X-ray radiation, donor age, and sex of the donor. The treatment in this study using X-ray radiation doses of 0 Gy, 0.5 Gy, 2 Gy and 4 Gy. Blood cell lymphocytes obtained from respondents men and women at the age of 26-35 years, 36-45 years and 46-55 years, there is one sample at each age. The analysis is the analysis of variance of three factors, normality and homogeneity test with anava used IBM SPSS Statistics 20 for Windows. The results obtained F value>F table (5%) in the treatment of radiation doses to the formation of MN frequency, age, gender, age radiation dose, radiation dose by gender, age radiation dose by gender. Means that there are significant differences in the frequency of MN which is based on X-ray radiation dose treatment, age, and gender. F value<F table (5%) in the treatment of age by sex, mean that the age of the same sex do not interact in the absence of radiation dose, so no significant effect on the frequency of MN formation.
Co-Authors Abarrul Ikram Astiti, Ikhsana Nuri Darlina Darlina Devita Tetriana Dewi Elfidasari Heru Prasetio Iin Kurnia Imam Rosadi Lusy Dahlia A., Lusy Dahlia Purnami, Sri Wahyu Sugiyana Sugiyana, Sugiyana Surniyantoro, Harry Nugroho Eko Teja Kisnanto Wiwin Mailana, Wiwin Yanti Lusiyanti Yustinus Ulung Anggraito Zubaidah Alatas