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Reski Ramadhani
Universitas Padjadjaran
Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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The Modality Systems in Lawyer and Witness’s Utterances on Courtroom Questioning of Legal Discourse Reski Ramadhani; Rosaria Mita Amalia; Lia Maulia Indrayani; Sutiono Mahdi
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 2 No. 3 (2019): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (651.773 KB) | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v2i3.6914

Abstract

The use of Systemic Functional Linguistics proposed by Halliday and Matthiessen (2004) is rarely applied mostly in courtroom discourse analysis. This article presents the analysis of modality system used in the lawyer and witness’s utterances on courtroom questioning in cross-examination. The main focus is to explore the lawyer’s linguistic power to examine the facts given by the witness. Applying the interpersonal grammatical metaphor, the utterances are evaluated based on the different types, orientations, and values of modality in order to show a powerful position and to convince the jury toward the facts.  This is a case study employed a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The data are taken from the transcriptions of the courtroom questioning between the lawyer and the witness of Michigan V Charles Warren’s case from YouTube (2015). This case study revealed that most of the utterances produced by the lawyer contain a higher and more medium value of modality system. Then, the way he states the argument tends to be more objective. On the other hand, the witness tends to use medium and low modality system. In answering the questions, subjectivity is employed more by the witness which indicates that he has a personal attitude toward the state of affairs. It can be indicated that the lawyer has more linguistic power by applying more high value of modality system which means that he makes the facts strongly clearer toward the state of affairs at the time. The implication of this research is expected to give the information to the reader on how language can provide power to the user especially for the lawyer in order to examine the facts given by the witness
Assertive Illocutionary Act Adapted in Donald Trump’s Political Speech: A Pragmatic Study Reski Ramadhani; Lia Maulia Indrayani; Ypsi Soeria Soemantri
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 2 No. 4 (2019): DECEMBER
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (580.288 KB) | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v2i4.8354

Abstract

This research is intended to discuss the illocutionary acts used in a speech mainly assertive. The writer attempts to analyze the categories of assertive illocutionary act occurs in the utterances of Donald Trump’s political speech in last America’s general election. This is a case study that employed a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The writer uses Ancont software to classify the data. The function of this software is to observe the frequent words occur in the data. Then, it shows that the total number of words that occurred in Donald Trump’s speech is 3046 words. Through those numbers, there are 901 types of words. However, the data used is only the open classes instead of the closed class words or grammatical category. After reducing the data, the five frequent words which are categorized as an open class appeared are ‘job’, ‘is’, ‘new’, ‘American’, and ‘are’. In this case, the data are analyzed based on the frequents words and the writer also reduces the data which are not categorized as assertive illocutionary acts. From the data analysis, it reveals that the categories of assertive illocutionary acts mostly appeared in Donald Trump’s political speech are a statement of fact and assertion. Then, the dominant category used in the speech is a statement of fact containing a convincing. It can be concluded that most of the utterances used by Donald Trump are, besides attempting to represent himself, to convince the citizens supported by some facts about the issue that he believes to be the case in order to establish a positive perspective toward his arguments.   
Co-Authors Lia Maulia Indrayani Rosaria Mita Amalia Sutiono Mahdi Ypsi Soeria Soemantri