Della Novalita
UNIVERSITAS JAMBI

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ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL MATEMATIKA BERDASARKAN TEORI PEMROSESAN INFORMASI DITINJAU DARI GAYA KOGNITIF Della Novalita; Kamid Kamid; Haryanto Haryanto
AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Vol 11, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH METRO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (415.663 KB) | DOI: 10.24127/ajpm.v11i1.4632

Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika berdasarkan teori pemrosesan informasi ditinjau dari gaya kognitif siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat desktiptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan tes tertulis dan wawancara.Teknik analisis data yaitu  pertama pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan terakhir penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Instrument dalam penelitian ini adalah tes GEFT sebagai tes penentuan calon subjek penelitian, tes tertulis berupa soal cerita, dan pedoman wawancara. Subjek dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 siswa yang memiliki gaya kognitif field independent (FI) dan 2 siswa yang memilki gaya kognitif field dependent (FD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa informasi berupa soal cerita yang diterima siswa FI dan FD masuk ke sensory register melalui indra penglihatan. Siswa FI dan FD mampu memberi attention (perhatian) terhadap soal sehingga muncul perception (pendapat) tentang konsep/rumus dan mengaplikasikannya di short term memory. Saat retrieval (pemanggilan kembali) konsep yang dibutuhkan darilong term memorysiswa FD banyak mengalami kesulitan, sehingga terdapat siswa FD yang tidak mampu mengaplikasikan konsep yang dibutuhkan di short term memory. Faktor penyebab kesulitan siswa lebih banyak muncul dari dalam diri siswa dan lebih sedikit muncul dari luar diri siswa.The purpose of this study was to describe students' difficulties in solving math story problems based on information processing theory in terms of students' cognitive styles. This research is a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using written tests and interviews. The data analysis technique is the first data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and finally drawing conclusions or verification. The instruments in this study were the GEFT test as a test for determining prospective research subjects, a written test in the form of story questions, and interview guidelines. The subjects in this study consisted of 2 students who had a field independent cognitive style (FI) and 2 students who had a field dependent cognitive style (FD). The results showed that information in the form of story questions received by FI and FD students entered the sensory register through the sense of sight. FI and FD students are able to pay attention to the questions so that their perception about the concept/formula appears and apply it in short term memory. When retrieval (recall) the required concepts from long term memory FD students experience many difficulties, so there are FD students who are not able to apply the concepts needed in short term memory. Factors causing student difficulties arise more from within students and less from outside students.