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All Journal Biospecies AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Scripta Biologica BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed
Imam Widhiono
Faculty Of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Jl. Dr. Soeparno No.63 Karangawangkal 53122. Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

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Contribution of Plantation Forest on Wild Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) Pollinators Conservation in Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia Widhiono, Imam; Sudiana, Eming; Yani, Edy
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.10652

Abstract

Wild bee pollinators (Hymenoptera : Apiade) diversity and abundance were studied in three types of plantation forest on Mt. Slamet (Central Java Province, Indonesia). The aims of the research was to know the diversity and abundance of wild bee pollinators and to determine the possibility of plantation forest contribution on wild bees conservation. Sampling has been done at three stands: a pine forest (PF, with Pinus merkusii), an Agathis forest (AF, with Agathis damara) and a community forest (CF, with Albizia falctaria). Each habitat was divided into 5 line transect (100 x 5 m) and sweep nets were used to collect the wild bee samples. Sampling was done eah month from April to August 2015. The diversity of wild bees was high (12 species in 9 genera; members of the Apidae (7 species were dominant). The most abundant species across the forests were Apis cerana (343 individuals; 25.5% of total), Trigona laeviceps (195 individuals; 14.5%), and Megachille relativa (165 individuals; 12.3%). Measurements of species diversity (H), species evenness (E), habitat similarity (Ss) and species richness indicated that the wild bee species diversity in the region was relatively high (H = 1.275) to (H = 1.730);(E= 0.870) to (E = 0.93). The result showed that the diversity of wild bees in three different plantation forest habitats on Mt. Slamet were similar and can be concluded that plantation forest types were important for pollinator conservation, and an appropriate future preservation strategy should include of the areas of all plantation forest types.
Impact of Distance from the Forest Edge on The Wild Bee Diversity on the Northern Slope of Mount Slamet Widhiono, Imam; Sudiana, Eming
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 2 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i2.5058

Abstract

In agricultural landscape in northern slope of Mount Slamet, diversity of wild bee species as pollinator depend on forested habitats. This study aimed to assess the effects of distance from the forest edge on the diversity of wild bees on strawberry and tomato crops. This study was conducted from July 2014 to October 2014. The experimental fields contained tomato and strawberry with a total area of 4 ha (2 ha each) and divided into five plots based on distance from the forest edge (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 m). Wild bee was catched with kite netting in 7.00 -9.00 in ten consecutive days. Wild bee diversity differed according to distance from the forest edge, the highest value was at 0 m for strawberry plots (H = 2.008, E = 0.72 and Chao1= 16) and for tomato plots, the highest diversity was at 50 m from the forest edge (H = 2.298, E = 0.95 and Chao1= 11) and the lowest was at 200 m in both plots. Wild bee species richness and abundance decreased with distance, resulting in the minimum diversity and abundance of wild bee at 200 m from forest edge in both crops.How to CiteWidhiono, I., & Sudiana, E. (2016). Impact of Distance from the Forest Edge on The Wild Bee Diversity on the Northern Slope of Mount Slamet. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(2), 148-154.
Keragaman dan Kelimpahan Kupu-Kupu Endemic Jawa (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) di Hutan Gunung Slamet Jawa Tengah Imam Widhiono
Biospecies Vol. 7 No. 2 (2014): Juli 2014
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

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Abstract

Penelitian keragaman spesies kupu-kupu endemik Jawa (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) pada berbagai tipe hutan dan ketinggian di Gunung Slamet dilakukan pada bulan Juni sampai Oktober 2010. Tipe hutan yang diteliti meliputi hutan alam kayu lain (HAKL, hutan sekunder), hutan produski terbatas Damar (HPT Damar), hutan wisata (HW) dan agroforestry (AGF). Variasi ketinggian tempat yang diteliti hanya di hutan damar mulai ketinggian 600 m dpl, 800 m dpl, 1000 m dpl dan 1200 m dpl. Pengambilan sampel kupu-kupu dilakukan pada 4 transek tetap untuk setiap kategori. Data kekayaan spesies dan kelimpahanya dianalisis dengan Shannon-Wienner, Simpson Indeks, Indeks kemerataan (E) dan Indeks Kesamaan Jaccard dengan bantuan program BDPro 7 (Mc Neely, 1997). Hasil penelitian menemukan 10 spesies kupu-kupu endemik Jawa (71%), yaitu Cynitia iapsis Fruhstorfer, Cyrestis lutea Zinken-Sommer, Elymnias ceryx Boisduval, Euploea gamelia Hubner, Rohana nakula Moore, Tannecia trigreta Moore, Mycalesis sudra Felder, Ypthima nigricans Snellen, Neptis nisea De Niceville dan Prioneris autothisbe Hubner dengan jumlah individu 542 pada keempat tipe habitat dan 9 spesies dengan jumlah individu 781 pada keempat ketinggian berbeda. Pada semua lokasi penelitian menunjukan bahwa indeks keragaman kupu-kupu endemik sangat rendah dan didominasi oleh dua spesies yaitu Mycalesis sudra dan Ypthima nigricans dengan jumlah lebih dari 50% dari total individu spesies kupu-kupu endemik yang ditemukan. Selain kedua spesies tersebut, spesies kupu-kupu endemik kelimpahannya sangat rendah dan dapat dikategorikan sebagai “rare species”. Hutan di Gunung slamet masih mampu mendukung keberadaan spesies kupu-kupu endemik Jawa.
Keragaman Serangga Penyerbuk dan Hubunganya dengan Warna Bunga pada Tanaman Pertanian di Lereng Utara Gunung Slamet, Jawa Tengah (Diversity of insect pollinators and its relationship with flowers colors on Agricultural Crops in the Northern slopes of ...) Imam WIDHIONO; Eming SUDIANA
Biospecies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2015): Juli 2015
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

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Abstract

Reseach on insect pollinators diversity and abundance on eight cash crops wasconducted at Serang, Sub District Karangreja, Purbalingga, Central Java, during June to oktober2012. The aims of this research were to observethe diversity and abundance of insect pollinators ateight food crops and their relationship with flowers colours. Sampling of insect pollinators specieswas done using scane sampling and direct observation of insect stay at the flowers. Insect diversitywas calculated using Shannon´s index, Simpsons index and, and Shannon Eveness. Species turnover was calculated using Jaccard index. the calculations was performed using BD Pro(McAleece, et al., 1997). Sevententh species of insect pollinators was identified. Wings bean wasvisited by 12 species of insect pollinators with highest diversity indeces (H=2.14, D=0.86, and E=0.86,) followed by cucumber (11 species) with diversity indeces (H=1.89, D=0.75, and E= 0.75,),and the lowest was strawberry with only visited by 7 species with diversity indeces(H=1.25,D=0.64, and E= 0.64,).The most abundance insect pollinator species was local honeybees ( A. Cerana), followed by stingless bees (Trigona sp) and the lowest was Ropalidia romandiwith consist only 2 individual.There is no corelation between flowers colors with either insectpollinators diversity or abundance.
Preliminary Test of Agri-Environmental Scheme Implementation in Farmland in Northern Slope of Mount Slamet Imam Widhiono; Eming Sudiana
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 39, No 1 (2017): FEBRUARY
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v39i1.871

Abstract

An Agri-Environmental Scheme (AES) was designed to enhance flower availability in crops using local wild plants. The goals of this research were to determine the impact of four wild plants on three cash corps, focusing on the diversity and abundance of insect pollinators, and to test the efficacy of this scheme using farmland on the northern slope of Mount Slamet. This research was done using a split block design, with the three cash crops as blocks (strawberry [Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne], chili pepper [Capsicum spp.], and tomatoes [Solanum lycopersicum L.]) and four wild plant species as treatments (Cleome rutidosperma, Borreria laevicaulis, Euphorbia heterophylla, and Tridax procumbens) at different precentages (0, 5, 10, and 15 %) of cash crop plant density. The results show that growing wild plants with cash crops enhanced the abundance and diversity of insect pollinators. Moreover, the addition of wild plant species to the crops at four densities had significantly different effects on insect pollinators in terms of abundance and diversity. The combination of 15 % C. rutidospermae and tomatoes had the largest population of insect pollinators. From the experiments it concluded that an AES could be implemented in farmland on the northern slope of Mount Slamet.
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN KUPU-KUPU (LEPIDOPTERA : RHOPALOCERA) DI CAGAR ALAM BANTARBOLANG, JAWA TENGAH Ulfah Nuraini; Imam Widhiono; Edy Riwidiharso
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (398.128 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1756

Abstract

Kupu-kupu adalah serangga yang termasuk dalam Ordo Lepidoptera, artinya serangga yang hampir seluruh permukaan tubuhnya tertutupi oleh lembaran-lembaran sisik yang memberi corak dan warna sayap kupu-kupu. Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan kupu-kupu di pengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti intensitas cahaya matahari, temperatur, dan kelembapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kupu-kupu di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Jawa Tengah. Data yang di dapat di analisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, indeks kemerataan Shannon-Evenners, dan Indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 359 individu dalam 6 familia. Keanekaragaman tertinggi yaitu pada jarak 0 m (H’ = 2.760; E: 0,752). Kelimpahan tertinggi pada jarak 0 m dengan jumlah individu sebanyak 192. Keanekaragaman tertinggi pada jarak 0 m di tepi hutan, sedangkan keragaman terrendah pada jarak 150 m di dalam hutan. Keanekaragaman kupu-kupu didominasi oleh H. glaucippe dari famili Piridae sebanyak 64 individu. Faktor lingkungan yang paling mempengaruhi keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kupu-kupu adalah intensitas cahaya matahari. Kata kunci: Kupu-kupu, Keanekaragaman, Kelimpahan, Cagar Alam Bantarbolang
KEHADIRAN RAYAP Schedorhinotermes javanicus (F: RHINOTERMITIDAE) PADA TONGGAK POHON JATI (Tectona grandis) DAN WANGKAL (Albizia procera) DI CAGAR ALAM BANTARBOLANG PEMALANG JAWA TENGAH Hena Himawanti; Imam Widhiono; Hery Pratiknyo
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 1 No 2 (2019): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (466.355 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2019.1.2.1695

Abstract

Rayap menjadikan kayu sebagai sumber makanan sekaligus sebagai tempat tinggal (shelter). Di hutan, terdapat banyak tonggak kayu sebagai sumber makanan rayap. Rayap akan dihadapkan pada banyak pilihan makanan sehingga rayap akan memilih tipe makanan yang paling disukai.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kehadiran rayap Schedorhinotermes javanicus (familia Rhinotermitidae) pada Tonggak Pohon Jati (Tectona grandis) dan Wangkal (Albizia procera) di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang Pemalang, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan teknik sampling diatur dengan pola Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Sebagai plot utama adalah kedalaman masuk hutan (0 m, 50 m, 100 m, 150 m dan 200 m) dari tepi hutan, sedangkan ulangan sekaligus blok berupa kelompok umur tonggak sejak pemotongan. Spesimen rayap diambil pada tonggak kayu Jati (Tectona grandis) dan Wangkal (Albizia procera) yang terdapat pada area 0 m sampai 200 m dari tepi hutan. Dengan memperhatikan umur tonggak sejak pemotongan pohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari umur tonggak dan jarak tonggak dari batas tepi hutan dengan kehadiran rayap S. javanicus pada tonggak kayu Jati (Tectona grandis) dan Wangkal (Albizia procera).
Keragaman dan Kelimpahan Kupu – Kupu Familia Papilionidae di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang Pemalang, Jawa Tengah Edwin Muttaqin; Imam Widhiono; Darsono Darsono
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (576.092 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1858

Abstract

Penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman kupu-kupu famili Papilionidae di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang Pemalang, Jawa Tengah belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Mengingat pentingnya familia Papilionidae di alam dan untuk mengantisipasi kerusakan habitatnya maka perlu diadakan penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman kupu-kupu familia Papilionidae. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman dan kelimpahan kupu-kupu famili Papilionidae di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang Pemalang, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian dilakukan di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang Pemalang, Jawa Tengah dengan menggunakan metode survey. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode Pollard Walk. Stasiun penelitian di bagi menjadi 5 stasiun berdasarkan jarak dari tepi hutan ke dalam hutan yaitu 0 m, 50 m, 100 m, 150 m, dan 200 m dari tepi hutan.. Setiap stasiun dibuat transek sebanyak 4 garis transek tetap dengan panjang 200 m dan lebar 5 m. Penangkapan kupu-kupu dilakukan menggunakan jaring serangga sepanjang garis transek. Data kekayaan spesies dan kelimpahan dihitung keragamanya menggunakan indeks Shannon-Wienner, indeks dominasi Simpson, dan indeks kemerataan (Shannon Evenness E). Penghitungan indeks keragaman menggunakan bantuan software Biodiversity Pro. Hasi penelitian menunjukan Keanekaragaman kupu-kupu famili papilionidae di kawasan cagar alam Bantarbolang pada jarak 0 – 150 m tepi hutan masuk kategori sedang karena memiliki nilai 1≤H’≤3. Keanekaragaman pada jarak 200 m tepi hutan masuk kategori rendah karena memiliki nilai ≤3. Kelimpahan kupu-kupu famili Papilionidae cenderung mengalami penurunan dari 0 m tepi hutan kearah 200 m tepi hutan hutan dikarenakan adanya efek tepi hutan berupa faktor lingkungan meliputi suhu, kelembapan, dan intensitas cahaya. Spesies kupu-kupu paling jarang ditemukan adalah Papilio coon coon dan terdapat species langka yang dilindungi yaitu Troides Helena
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KEMERATAAN SPESIES KUPU-KUPU (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE) DI HUTAN CAGAR ALAM BANTARBOLANG, PEMALANG, JAWA TENGAH Mega Lestari; Imam Widhiono; Darsono Darsono
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (367.29 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1911

Abstract

Kupu-kupu (Lepidoptera) menjadi objek penelitian karena kupu-kupu merupakan bagian dari keanekaragaman hayati yang harus dijaga kelestariannya dari kepunahan maupun penurunan keanekaragaman jenisnya. Kupu-kupu mempunyai nilai penting diantaranya adalah secara ekologis kupu-kupu berperan dalam mempertahankan keseimbangan ekosistem, sehingga perubahan keanekaragaman dan kepadatan populasinya dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu indikator kualitas lingkungan. Mengingat pentingnya kupu-kupu di alam dan untuk mengantisipasi kerusakan habitatnya maka perlu diadakan penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman kupu-kupu. Metode yang digunakan yaitu sweeping. Analisis data diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan menghitung keragaman dan kemerataan. Indek yang digunakan untuk mengetahui keragaman adalah indeks Shannon-Wiener, Indeks dominansi Simpson’s, Indeks kemerataan Shannon-Evennes dan perhitungan indeks keragaman dibantu dengan software Biodiversity Pro (BDPro). Keanekaragaman famili Nymphalidae dikategorikan sedang dengan kemerataan relatif stabil. Efek tepi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kelimpahan di lokasi penelitian. Faktor lingkungan berpengaruh terhadap tinggi rendahnya keanekaragaman dan kemerataan spesies dari famili Nymphalidae di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang.
Preferensi Rayap (Isoptera: Termitidae) Pada Berbagai Tonggak di Kawasan Cagar Alam Bantarbolang Pemalang Jawa tengah Risty Deviriani; Imam Widhiono; Hery Pratiknyo
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 1 No 2 (2019): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (338.06 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2019.1.2.1800

Abstract

Termite family Termitidae is a type of wood-eating termites, humus, or materials consisting of cellulose. This familia termite has a role in helping the ecosystem as a decomposer by destroying wood or other organic material and returning it as nutrients to the soil. Preference or prefer food sources that exist in the environment, influential in supporting the development of termites. The purpose of this study is to find out the type of wood that is a food preference for termites and species of the termite family Termitidae in the Bantarbolang Pemalang Nature Reserve in Central Java. This research was conducted at the Bantarbolang Nature Reserve located in the Kebon Gede Village Area, Bantarbolang District, Pemalang Regency, Central Java. The research method used survey method with termite sampling technique on the milestone paying attention to the depth of entering the forest (0 m, 50 m, 100 m, 150 m and 200 m) from the edge of the forest and paying attention to the age of the post since cutting trees. Termite species were taken on teak (Tectona grandis), Wangkal (Albizia procera), and Mahoni (Switenia marcrophilla) stakes found in areas of 0 m to 200 m. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The termites taken are inserted into vial bottles containing 70% alcohol and all termite colonies are counted to determine the number of individual termites. Measurement of environmental parameters include temperature, humidity, soil pH, canopy cover and light intensity. The results obtained by a species of termite Macrotermes gilvus familia Termitidae. The results of data analysis using the f test on teak (Tectona grandis), Wangkal (Albizia procera), and Mahoni (Switenia marcrophilla) milestones show that the significance value is > 0.05, which means the age of the milestone and the distance of the milestone from the forest edge do not affect significantly to the presence of Macrotermes gilvus termites on these wooden posts. The conclusion of this study is that the preferences of Macrotermes gilvus termites for various wooden stakes in the Bantarbolang Nature Reserve are not influenced by the age of the stakes and the distance of the wooden stakes from the edge of the forest.
Co-Authors Agus Suyanto Bambang Heru Budianto Darsono Darsono Darsono Darsono Desinta Dwi Nuriyanti Edwin Muttaqin Edy Riwidiharso edy riwidiharso riwidiharso Edy Yani Elly Proklamasiningsih Eming SUDIANA Endang Ariyani Setyowati Gianti Sibarani Haryanto, Trisno Heksa Hardiyanti Hena Himawanti Hery Pratiknyo Maryam Muji Lestari Mega Lestari Risty Deviriani Ulfah Nuraini Viola Firstrianti Salsabila Widy Retno Sari Yani, Edy