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All Journal Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Nor Aini Zakaria
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Significance of electrodermal activity response in children with autism spectrum disorder Awais Gul Airij; Rubita Sudirman; Usman Ullah Sheikh; Lee Yoot Khuan; Nor Aini Zakaria
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 19, No 2: August 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i2.pp1113-1120

Abstract

The human Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) controls the body’s physiological responses such as heart rate, electrodermal activity, temperature, and pupil diameter. The physiological responses are increased in the presence of a stressing stimuli and this is a typical ANS response. However, in case of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), they suffer from autonomic dysregulation as reported in past owing to their atypical ANS response. This study investigated the ANS response of children with ASD and compares it with the response of normal children. EDA response datasets of 35 children with ASD and 55 normal children were acquired with the help of E4 wristband at a sampling rate of 4Hz. The signals were preprocessed to remove artefacts and noise and later compared. Furthermore, an SVM classifier was also used to classify the EDA response signals of normal children and children with ASD. The obtained results highlight that the ANS response of children with ASD is atypical as their EDA response is blunt and shows no significant tonic and phasic changes in EDA levels in the presence of stressing stimuli. In addition to that, an accuracy of 75% was obtained using the LF kernel of SVM classifier. The study further unfolds the hypoactive sympathetic response of children with ASD during a stressing event. Furthermore, this will help in future to anticipate the emotional responses of children with ASD such as anger, happiness, and anxiety.
Beampattern optimization techniques using metaheuristic algorithm for collaborative beamforming: a review Najla Ilyana Ab Majid; Nik Noordini Nik Abd Malik; Nor Aini Zakaria
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 12, No 4: August 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v12i4.4835

Abstract

The fast improvements in wireless technology and embedded systems have sparked a renewed interest in collaborative beamforming (CB) approach used in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Despite the fact that studies on distributed and CB have been conducted for more than 10 years, CB was previously deemed unworkable because of its extreme complexity and difficult-to-attain criteria. It just got well-known in the last several years when cheaply accessible compact wireless communication electronic sensors with high processing capability emerged. These factors contributed as the motivation for this paper's research overview CB in WSNs. We provide the classifications of the static and mobile WSN which is based on the sensor node optimization technique. This paper reviews the metaheuristic algorithms proposed by previous study for beampattern and energy consumption optimization. Finally, this paper also presents a summary analysis of the previous studies in terms of beampattern characteristic and properties, energy consumption and stability.
Co-Authors Awais Gul Airij Lee Yoot Khuan Najla Ilyana Ab Majid Nik Noordini Nik Abd Malik Rubita Sudirman Usman Ullah Sheikh