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Analisis Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Pembengkakan Biaya (Cost Overrun) pada Proyek Konstruksi Gedung di Kota Ambon Sahusilawane, Tonny; Bisri, Mohammad; Rachmansyah, Arief
Rekayasa Sipil Vol 5, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Brawijaya

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Unsur input dari proyek konstruksi diantaranya man (tenaga kerja), money (biaya), methods (metode), machines (peralatan), materials (bahan) dan market (pasar), semua unsur tersebut perlu diatur sedemikian rupa sehingga proporsi unsur unsur yang menjadi kebutuhan dalam proyek konstruksi tersebut dapat tepat dalam penggunaanya dan proyek dapat berjalan secara efisien. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mengkaji Faktor-faktor apa saja yang paling dominan menyebabkan terjadinya pembengkakan biaya (Cost Overrun) pada proyek konstruksi gedung di kota Ambon. Berdasarkan hasil analisis faktor, faktor-faktor dominan penyebab terjadinya Cost Overrun pada pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi gedung di kota Ambon adalah : Bagian perencanaan yaitu; factor pelaksanaan hubungan kerja; dengan nilai loading factor sebesar 81.9 %. Yang terdiri dari a)tingginya frekwensi perubahan pelaksanaan; b)terlalu banyak pengulangan pekerjaan karena mutu jelek; c)terlalu banyak proyek yang ditangani dalam waktu yang sama; d) kurangnya koordinasi antara kontraktor utama dan sub kontraktor; e)kurangnya koorninasi antara Construction Manger – Perencana–Kontraktor; f) terjadi perbedaan/perselisihan pada proyek; g) Manajer proyek tidak kompeten/cakap. 
Studi Perencanaan dan Pengembangan Jaringan Distribusi Air Bersih di Kecamatan Tumpang Kabupaten Malang Menggunakan Software Epanet 2.0 Maulidya, Lia Nur Izza; Prayogo, Tri Budi; Bisri, Mohammad
Jurnal Mahasiswa Jurusan Teknik Pengairan Vol 1, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Pengairan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRAK: Kecamatan Tumpang mempunyai 6 desa yang sudah terlayani oleh PDAM yaitu desa Tumpang, Malangsuko, Jeru, Pulungdowo, Gunungsari, dan Tajinan dan akan dilakukan pengembangan dan penambahan layanan di 2 desa yaitu desa Kidal dan Kambingan.  Sumber yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah Sumber Pitu dengan debit pelayanan sebesar 50 lt/detik. Hasil simulasi menggunakan program Epanet 2.0 pada kondisi existing terdapat hasil tekanan, kecepatan dan headloss gradient yang tidak sesuai kriteria yang telah ditentukan.  Sehingga pada tahap perencanaan pengembangan ada beberapa perbaikan dan tambahan komponen, diantaranya penggantian diameter pipa, penambahan jaringan pipa baru di daerah pengembangan, penambahan tandon, dan penambahan Press Reduce Valve (PRV).  Pada tahap pengembangan akan dilakukan dengan tiga alternatif, Alternatif I menggunakan 1 buah tandon dan 1 buah PRV, alternatif II menggunakan 1 buah tandon dan 5 buah PRV, altenatif III menggunakan 2 buah tandon dan 1 buah PRV.  Alternatif II merupakan alternatif yang mempunyai dimensi tandon paling efektif dan alternatif yang paling ekonomis.  Sehingga anggaran biaya yang akan dikeluarkan pada tahap perencanaan pengembangan adalah sebesar Rp.9.329.682.700,- . Kata kunci: air bersih, jaringan pipa, Epanet, pengembangan ABSTRACT: Tumpang sub-district has 6 villages that have been served  by PDAM to fullfilling the necessity of clean water ; those are Tumpang, Malangsiko, Jeru, Pulungdowo, Gunungsari and Tajinan villages and will be development and adding services  in 2 villages; those are Kidal and Kambingan Villages.  The water source used in this studi is Sumber Pitu which has a service discharge of 50 lt/sec. The result of simulation using Epanet 2.0 software in the existing condition, there are value of pressure, velocity and headloss gradient did not meet the stated criteria.  Therefore, at the development stage will be made some improvements and additional components, such as replacement of pipe diameter, adding a new pipe network, adding a water tank and adding Press Reduce Valve (PRV). The development planning was conducted  with three alternatives, alternatives I uses 1 pieces of water  tank and 1 pieces of PRV, alternatives II uses 1 pieces of  water tank and  5 pieces of  PRV and alternatives III uses 2 pieces of water tank and 1 pieces of PRV.  Alternatif II is an alternative that has the most effective dimension of water tank and the most economical alternative.  So, the budget that would be spent on this development planning was as much as Rp.9.329.682.700,- . Keywords: clean water, pipe network, Epanet, development.
Kajian Pengendalian Laju Sedimen Dengan Bangunan Pengendali Di DAS Hulu Batang Gadis Propinsi Sumatera Utara Kaharuddin, Kaharuddin; Bisri, Mohammad; Juwono, Pitojo Tri
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan Vol 5, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Pengairan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Hulu Batang Gadis Watershed is located in the district of Mandailing Natal province of North Sumatra . The rate of erosion in the watershed upstream Batang Gadis last 3 years has increased , it can be seen from the results of the analysis and calculation of the rate of erosion USLE method which in 2008 amounted to 307 285 tonnes / ha / year , in 2010 amounted to 318 482 tonnes / ha / year , Year 2012 of 385 336 tonnes / ha / year . This indicates an increase in the rate of erosion in 2008 - 2012 at 20:26% .. The rate of soil erosion hazard and criticality criteria of 1.41% Very Light , Light 10.92% , 17.76% Medium , Heavy and Very Heavy 49.59% ,20.32% . The results depend on the amount of sediment erosion in the watershed / sub-watershed .. Currently sediment issues have an impact on the downstream watershed upstream Batang Gadis ie the number of incoming sediment kesaluran irrigation and river silting . One attempt to overcome this problem is by building sediment control in the form of Check Dam . In this research study conducted as the proposed construction of sediment control 33 Check Dam . Successful achievement of development can reduce sediment control sediment 90.91% on average of all the bin capacity Chek Dam , while by means of sediment routing can reduce sediment by 97.39% with the operation of the check dam for 3 years . In addition to building pendali also recommended handling a land conservation treatment with a wide landing area function Buffer Zone 59.28% , Budi Region 4.57% Annual Plants , Cultivation Region Annuals 36.15% . The arrangement of the achievements of the region is a big impact on the land eroded soil erosion is very heavy 20.32% of basin area upstream Batang Gadis be 1.83% .Keyword: Erosion, sedimentation, controle structure, conservation
STUDI PENERAPAN ECODRAIN PADA SISTEM DRAINASE PERKOTAAN (Studi Kasus : Perumahan Sawojajar Kota Malang)) Ardiyana, Mita; Bisri, Mohammad; Sumiadi, Sumiadi
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol 7, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAK: Ekodrainase merupakan konsep pengelolaan air hujan dan limpasannya pada sistem drainase perkotaan. Pada musim hujan, Sawojajar sebagai kawasan padat bangunan dan penduduk, menjadi salah satu daerah genangan di Kota Malang.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kapasitas saluran drainase eksisting, serta mengetahui prosentase reduksi debit limpasan hujan dengan penerapan ekodrainase di kawasan Perumahan Sawojajar. Untuk menganalisanya, dilakukan pemodelan limpasan hujan kala ulang 5 tahun menggunakan instrumen Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) dengan membandingkan kondisi jaringan drainase sebelum dan sesudah penerapan sumur resapan, bioretensi dan perkerasan permeabel. Untuk simulasi hujan rancangan, menggunakan data curah hujan jam-jaman yang diperoleh dari stasiun penakar Kedungkandang selama 10 tahun (2006 – 2015). Perhitungan intensitas hujan menggunakan metode Sherman, diperoleh intensitas hujan durasi 2 jam dengan kala ulang 5 tahun sebesar 22.67 mm/jam. Untuk kalibrasi model, data curah hujan dan debit outlet menggunakan hasil pengamatan pada tanggal 02 April, 14 April  dan 20 Oktober 2016. Hasil kalibrasi model menunjukkan nilai Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) antara debit pemodelan dengan debit terukur sebesar 3.1%, sedangkan nilai RMSE hasil validasi dan verifikasi masing-masing sebesar 4.70% dan 4.43%. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan kapasitas saluran drainase eksisting tidak mampu menampung hujan kala ulang 5 tahun, mengakibatkan genangan di 25 titik. Prosentase reduksi debit limpasan lahan dan saluran dengan penerapan sumur resapan, bioretensi dan perkerasan permeabel berkisar antara 14.49%-92.26%, sedangkan reduksi debit banjir di outlet akhir mencapai 37.55%. Sumur resapan mereduksi 23.41% debit limpasan, perkerasan permeabel 14.02% sedangkan bioretensi 0.1%.Kata kunci: ekodrainase, debit limpasan hujan, pemodelan, kalibrasi, SWMM
KAJIAN PENANGANAN SEDIMENTASI DANAU TONDANO Sorey, Teddy Dolfie; Bisri, Mohammad; Sisinggih, Dian
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol 7, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Abstrak : Pengelolaan DAS yang tidak tepat dapat mengakibatkan masalah erosi dan sedimentasi seperti yang terjadi di Danau Tondano, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara yang mengalami pendangkalan, sehingga mengancam masyarakat sebagai pemanfaat danau dan kelestarian danau itu sendiri. Penyebab utama pendangkalan adalah masuknya sedimen terutama berasal dari Sub DAS Panasen dan Ranoweleng akibat perubahan tataguna lahan. Hasil penelitian tahun 2010 menunjukkan 74% luas DAS Danau Tondano masuk klasifikasi ringan sampai sedang, sedangkan 26% kritis. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa karakteristik lahan tersebut sebagian besar cukup kebal terhadap potensi erosi. Hasil penelitian saat ini didapat laju erosi 17,88 ton/hektar/tahun, debit inflow 3,55 m3/det, inflow sedimen 72.409 m3/tahun. Penanganan dilakukan secara vegetatif  dengan menetapkan jenis tanaman dan manajemen kawasan penyangga serta secara mekanik dengan membangun cekdam baru. Kata Kunci : Sub DAS, Erosi, Sedimentasi, Pendangkalan Danau, Konsep Penanganan Abstract :Improper watershed management can lead to problems such as erosion and sedimentation that occurred in Lake of Tondano, North Sulawesi Province which is currently experiencing silting up, thus threatening the society as the lake users and the preservation of the lake itself. The main cause of silting is the influx of sediment which primarily derived from Panasen Sub-watershed and Ranoweleng as a result of changes in land use. The results of the study in 2010 showed that 74% of Tondano Lake watershed area is classified as small to medium, while the rest 26 % categorized as critical. This indicates that the characteristics of the land is mostly quite resistant to the erosion potential. The results of the current study obtained erosion rate 17,88tonnes / ha / year, the discharge inflow 3,55 m3/s and the sediment inflow 72.409 m3/year. The handling is conducted vegetatively by determining the type of plant and management of buffer zones as well as mechanically by building new checkdam. Keywords : Sub Watershed, Erosion, Sedimentation, Silting Up of lake, Handling Concept
Analisis Kecenderungan Sedimentasi Waduk Bili-Bili Dalam Upaya Keberlanjutan Usia Guna Waduk Achsan, Achsan; Bisri, Mohammad; Suhartanto, Ery
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Bili-Bili Reservoiris one of the large streservoirsin Province of South Sulawesi whichis regulated by BBWS Pompengan Jeneberang. Bili-Bili reservoirs was planne deffective for 50 years, recently in 2011(the reference of latest data) thi sreservoir has been in operation for13 years since was built. In 2004 there were land slides from the Mount Bawakaraeng in up stream reservoir sand causing high rates of sedimentation in the reservoir. This study was conducted to determine the percentage of sediment that settles in the reservoir storage capacity, the effectiveness of Reservoir remaining and also the efforts made to maintaining the effectiveness sof reservoirs. In this study, the distribution sediments calculations based on the actual measurement and the enlargement Empirical Area Increment Methodand Empirical Area Reduction Method. The effectiveness of use full life of BiliBili to the reservoiris calculated using volume approach hand elevation approach. Trend Sedimentation tendencywhich was entering in 2011 was about 84.81millionm 3 of total sediments with apercentage of 79.17% was in the effective storage area, 18.14% in the area of dead storageend 2.69% in the flood control pool..Based on the analysis of the effectiveness life of Bili-Bili by reservoir elevation approach of +59.00, the Bili-Bili reservoir has no longer the effectiveness, but by using the yield residualolume approachin reservoir has still effectiveness of 11.5 years.Keywords: Bili-Bili Reservoir, Sedimentation, StorageCapacity, Reservoir usefull life
Studi Harga Air di PDAM Kota Malang Andawayanti, Ussy; Bisri, Mohammad; Ainin, Cahyani
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol 1, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis harga air berdasarkan beberapa ketentuan kelayakan ekonomi di PDAM Kota Malang dari masa sekarang dan masa yang akan datang, serta memprediksi kebutuhan air dan harga air bersih hingga tahun 2015 di Kota Malang, sehingga kebutuhan akan air bersih dapat diidentifikasi sejak dini dan harga air bersih pada tahun mendatang merupakan harga yang layak secara ekonomi.Analisis kelayakan ekonomi di PDAM Kota Malang ini dilakukan dengan menganalisis menggunakan parameter nilai tunai bersih sekarang Net Present Value (NPV), nisbah manfaat biaya Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), titik impas Break Even Point (BEP), dan tingkat pengembalian internal Internal Rate Of Return (IRR). Untuk prediksi harga air bersih hingga tahun 2015, dimulai dengan memprediksi jumlah penduduk, kemudian memproduksi jumlah air bersih yang harus diproduksi PDAM Kota Malang hingga tahun 2015, setelah itu memprediksi biaya usaha yang terdiri dari biaya tetap, biaya investasi dan biaya variabel hingga tahun 2015, sehingga untuk penentuan harga air bersih hingga tahun 2015 berdasarkan pada biaya usaha yang harus dikeluarkan PDAM Kota Malang setiap tahunnya dan berapa jumlah produksi airbersih serta kebocoran air setiap tahunnya. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa penentuan harga air bersih diPDAM Kota Malang saat ini ternyata sudah dapat memenuhi syarat kelayakan ekonomi dan tarif dasar air bersih per – m3 yang dapat dianggap layak secara ekonomi serat memenuhi prinsip keterjangkauan penduduk di daerah layanan untuk tahun 2010 adalah Rp 2.552; Tahun 2011 adalah Rp 2.813; Tahun 2012 adalah Rp3.118; Tahun 2013 adalah Rp 3.455; Tahun 2014 adalah Rp 3.829; Tahun 2015 adalah Rp 4.242.Kata Kunci : kelayakan ekonomi, harga air, prediksi.
Studi Pendugaan Sisa Usia Guna Waduk Sutami Dengan Pendekatan Sedimentasi Fidari, Jadfan Sidqi; Bisri, Mohammad; Suhartanto, Ery
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol 4, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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Sutami Dam is a dam with the largest reservoir with managed by Perum Jasa Tirta I. This reservoir has been operating for more than 39 years (operates in 1972 and using reference to recent data in 2011). This study was performed to determine the trend of sediment discharge and reservoir live time in order to find out how the rest of the remaining Sutami reservoir for reservoir operations. Data analysis is used as the data for 6 years period and in 1972 data for comparison. Point source of sediment in the reservoir is divided into two points, Sutami sediments by direct inflow to the the Sutami Reservoir (Metro River) and outflow from Sengguruh Reservoirs (Brantas River and Lesti River). The third point is the calculation of sediment discharge to determine the most influential point sediment carrier in Sutami Reservoir. Reservoir live time to the rest of Sutami calculated using three methods of approach. Volume approach, elevation approach, and empirical approaches. 2 Tanpa nomer halaman The point that has the most impact is of the Brantas River (inflow from Sengguruh Reservoir) with Qs = 2.27 kg/sec (2011), then from the Metro River with Qs = 1.97 kg/sec (2011). ). Based on the analysis of the remaining life time for Sutami Reservoir using three methods of approach, it is known to Sutami Reservoir live time trends tend to decrease. Elevation control point (+233.3 m) with elevation approach and volume approach gives results for the remaining life of 5 years and 1.5 years, while the empirical approach with 97% trap efficiency give results 9 years for the remaining life time of Sutami Reservoir.Key words: Sutami Reservoir, Sedimentation, Reservoir Live Time
Studi Evaluasi Kualitas Dan Status Trofik Air Waduk Selorejo Akibat Erupsi Gunung Kelud Untuk Budidaya Perikanan Sayekti, Rini Wahyu; Yuliani, Emma; Bisri, Mohammad; Juwono, Pitojo Tri; Prasetyorini, Linda; Sonia, Fauzia; Putri, Ayu Pratama
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Selorejo dam in Malang regency has been used as a water storage and for freshwater fishery. On February 13 th 2014, Mount Kelud was erupted and produced volcanic ash which fell into the reservoir and caused an imbalanced water quality.The research was conducted in order to (a) observe a comparison between field measurement (temperature, turbidity, DO, pH, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, total-P, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, and silica) and water quality standard in both upstream and middle station,(b) to determine time interval needed by each parameter to meet permitted value for freshwater fishery, (c) to determine water quality status using Pollution Index method, (d) to determine main contributors to the water pollution, (e) to determine trophic status index of Selorejo dam prior to and after the eruption, and (f) to analyze trophic status index fluctuation and pollution load capacity after the eruption.Method that was used to determine water quality status was Pollution Index. Trophic status index determined by comparing trophic status index standard on PerMenLH tahun 2009 with total-P, NO3N, chlorophyll a, and water clarity.The result from this research shows (a) before eruption, 40% of field measurement in upstream station and 28% of field measurement in middle station do not meet the standard values required. After eruption, 31% of field measurement in upstream station and 36% of field measurement in middle station do not meet the standard values required, (b) time interval needed for each parameters to meet permitted values are 111 days (pH and nitrate), 71 days (DO), 54 days (turbidity), while total-P and silica have not meet the required values up to the end of observation period, (c) water quality status in Selorejo dam on both stations are “Lightly polluted”, before and after the eruption of Mount Kelud, (d) main contributors to the water pollution on upstream station are total-P and nitrate. On middle station, the main contributors are total-P, silica, and nitrate, (e) Trophic status index of Selorejo dam is “hypereutrophic” for chlorophyll a, (f) pollution load capacity of Selorejo dam for total-P is 12.072, 58 kg P/year and has to be increased 69, 61% to 39.722, 33 kg P/year to lower trophic status index to “Oligotrophic”.Keywords: Water quality, water quality status, trophic status index, load capacity index, pollution index
ANALISIS PROFIL MUKA AIR DAN LUASAN GENANGAN DI LAHAN AKIBAT VARIASI POSISI SUDETAN SUNGAI CILIWUNG Parulian, Roganda; Bisri, Mohammad; Solichin, Mohammad
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol 6, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Abstrak: DKI Jakarta dalam beberapa tahun terakhir sering mengalami banjir akibat luapan Sungai Ciliwung. Dengan adanya banjir yang terjadi maka pemerintah dalam hal ini Balai Besar Wilayah Sungai (BBWS) Ciliwung Cisadane-Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum mencoba memberikan solusi yang disebut Total Solution for Ciliwung. Salah satu kegiatannya adalah melakukan sudetan di Kalibata dan di Kebon Baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sudetan Sungai Ciliwung. Lokasi Sudetan  ada 3 (tiga) lokasi, yaitu di Kalibata, di Kebon Baru, dan di Kampung Melayu. Perhitungan dilakukan dengan melakukan variasi posisi di tiga lokasi. Ada 7 variasi posisi yang dilakukan. Model simulasi menggunakan program bantu HEC-RAS 4.1.0. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan variasi posisi 7 yaitu sudetan di Kalibata, di Kebon Baru dan di Kampung Melayu  menjadi variasi yang paling optimal dalam mengurangi banjir. Hasil sudetan dengan variasi posisi 7 adalah profil muka air di Patok 260 berupa aliran sub kritis/tenang dengan elevasi muka air +18,54 m atau berkurang 0,48 m dari kondisi eksisting +19,02 m. Luas genangan yang terjadi akibat sudetan dengan variasi posisi 7 sebesar 2,4143 km2 berkurang 0,6042 km2 (20,02%) dari kondisi eksisting 3,0185 km2.Kata kunci : DKI Jakarta, Sungai Ciliwung, variasi posisi, profil muka air, luas genangan . Abstract: In recent years, DKI Jakarta have been frequently flooded by The Ciliwung River. In this case, The government of Balai Besar Wilayah Sungai (BBWS) Ciliwung Cisadane-General Public Ministry of Pekerjaan Umum has been  trying to provide a solution which called Total Solution for Ciliwung. One of the Total Solution activities is doing diversion channel in Kalibata and Kebon Baru. This study aimed to diversion of Ciliwung River. There are 3 (three) locations of diversion. The location are in Kalibata, Kebon Baru, and Kampung Melayu. Calculation was done by variation of the position at three locations with 7 variations of position.  The model  of simulation  was using HEC-RAS 4.1.0 program.  The result of diversion in 7th variation position  is the water profile in the point 260 that form of sub critical flow/tranquil with water level +18,54 m or less 0,48 m from existing condition +19.02 m. Inundation area that caused by 7th variation position  of diversion is  2,4143 km2 reduced 0,6042 km2 (20,02%) from  existing condition  3,0185 km2.Keywords: DKI Jakarta, Ciliwung River, variation position, water profile, extensive inundation .