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Incidence of Soybean Mosaic Disease in East Java Province Andayani, Wuye Ria; Sumardiyono, Y. B.; Hartono, Sedyo; Yudono, Prapto
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 33, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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The objectives of this study were: 1) to identify the mosaic symptom severity and the incidence the virus and relate these to soybean yield reduction is four regions of East Java; 2) diagnostic of the symptom using Indirect ELISA, RT-PCR and electron microscope observation. Results from experiments indicated that soybean plants infected with SMV and CMMV, alone or in combination produced mosaic symptom. Incidence of the virus, as judged by symptomatology, ranged from mild to severe infection the percentage of plants being from 13.42-30.10%. Soybean plants with mosaic symptom caused SMV from an early stage of development (14-28 days after planting). Soybean mosaic virus belongs to the virus family Potyviridae. Specific DNA fragment of 1687 bp was successfully amplified from soybean infected by SMV isolate Ngawi, Madiun, Magetan, and Ponorogo. Specific DNA fragment of 1385 bp was successfully amplified from SMV by CI coding region. The mosaic symptom on soybean plant (28-42 days after planting) caused CMMV. Flexious virus particle 650 nm in length was observed on electron microscope. It caused local lesions on Chenopodium amaranticolor, but not detected by I ELISA with antiserum SMV and RT-PCR with universal primer. Keywords: SMV, CMMV, I.ELISA, RT-PCR.

Permeabilitas dan Perkecambahan Benih Aren (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) Nugraheni Widyawati; , Tohari; Prapto Yudono; Issirep Soemardi
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 37 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

The characteristics of seed coat delay the germination of sugar palm seeds. A research was carried out to investigate the permeability of sugar palm seeds and accelerate the germination. The research consists of four experiments with purposes: 1. to investigate the distribution of water content of sugar palm seed (RCBD Factorial between part of seed : whole seed, seed coat, endosperm and embryo under three conditions: control; soaking in water and germinate, 5 replications); 2. to investigate seed permeability (RCD, 6 soaking periods, 4 replications); 3. to investigate the content of lignin and tannin in seed (RCD, 8 seed ages, 4 replications); 4. to accelerate seed germination (RCBD, 6 treatments of scarification, 4 replication). The results showed that the permeability of sugar palm seeds to water absorption declined with seed maturity because of the increasing in lignin and tannin content. Seed germination can be accelerated with scalding on the operculum site to increase water absorption. Key words: Sugar palm, seeds, permeability, germination

PENGARUH MULSA ORGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BENIH TIGA KULTIVAR KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) DI LAHAN PASIR PANTAI Muhammad Firdaus Basyiruddin Yusuf; Prapto Yudono; Setyastuti Purwanti
Vegetalika Vol 4, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian mulsa organik berupa jerami padi dan eceng gondok terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman dan kualitas benih kacang hijau kultivar Vima-1, Lokal Wonosari, dan Lokal Sentolo yang ditanam di lahan pasir pantai. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2014 sampai dengan Februari 2015 bertempat di lahan pasir pantai Desa Bugel, Kecamatan Panjatan, Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Split Plot. Sebagai perlakuan petakan utama adalah kultivar kacang hijau (K), yaitu kultivar Vima-1 (K1), Lokal Wonosari (K2), dan Lokal Sentolo (K3). Perlakuan petak bagian adalah jenis mulsa (M), yaitu tanpa mulsa (M1), mulsa jerami padi 5 ton/ha (M2), dan enceng gondok 5 ton/ha (M3). Pada hasil pengamatan ditunjukkan bahwa tanaman kacang hijau Lokal Sentolo yang ditanam di lahan pasir pantai Bugel, Kulon Progo memiliki hasil komponen pertumbuhan tertinggi dibandingkan dengan kacang hijau kultivar Vima-1 dan Lokal Wonosari. Akan tetapi, tanaman kacang hijau kultivar Vima-1 yang di tanam di lahan Pasir Pantai Bugel dapat memproduksi benih dengan nilai tertinggi dibandingkan dengan kacang hijau Lokal Wonosari dan Lokal Sentolo. Tanaman kacang hijau kultivar Vima-1 yang di tanam di lahan Pasir Pantai Bugel dapat memproduksi benih sebesar 2,50 ton/Ha, tanaman kacang hijau kultivar Lokal Wonosari sebesar 2,49 ton/Ha, sedangkan tanaman kacang hijau kultivar Lokal Sentolo hanya sebesar 1,99 ton/Ha. Disamping itu, penggunaan mulsa juga memicu peningkatan produksi benih tanaman kacang hijau yang di tanam di lahan Pasir Pantai Bugel. Penggunaan mulsa jerami padi dapat meningkatkan produksi benih kacang hijau sebesar 13,32% dibandingkan tanpa menggunakan mulsa, sedangkan penggunaan mulsa eceng gondok dapat meningkatkan produksi benih kacang hijau sebesar 11,14% dibandingkan tanpa menggunakan mulsa. Selain itu, kacang hijau kultivar Vima-1, Lokal Wonosari, dan Lokal Sentolo yang ditanam di lahan pasir pantai dengan mulsa jerami padi dan mulsa eceng gondok juga dapat menghasilkan benih dengan kualitas tinggi.

The Dynamics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Growth Type Firmansyah Firmansyah; Taryono Taryono; Prapto Yudono
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 15, No 2 (2012): Desember
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

(Sesamum indicumL.) is one of important vegetableoil cropsin theworld. Indonesian local sesame cultivars in use today still have indeterminate growth types that cause simultaneous harvest, narrow adaptability and lower yield. Stage of the research is to see dynamics growth type of sesame due to environmental change and to find morphological and biochemical selection criteria of determinate growth cultivar. This study uses a factorial completely randomized design consisting of three replications. The first factor is six cultivars of sesame, two types of determinate growth type cultivar introduced from Turkey III Det 23, III Det 36 and four indeterminate growth type cultivars Sbr 3, Sbr 4, white local and black local. The second factor is six environments that combine various combinations of temperature and several concentrations of NaCl as salinity stress. The results showed that the environment combined heat stress temperature and salinity affect growth type of sesame. Heat stress makes longer vegetative phase and salinity stress causes black local genotype changed to determinate growth type. III det 23 and III det 36 were considered as stable determinate cultivar and best used as a parent crossing in sesame breeding program.

HUBUNGAN PERAKARAN BEBERAPA KULTIVAR KEDELAI DENGAN KEMAMPUAN BERSAING MELAWAN GULMA Doni Hariandi; Didik Indradewa; Prapto Yudono
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Vol 10, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroekoteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Untirta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33512/j.agrtek.v10i1.5467

ABSTRACTThe research was aimed to see the influence and rooting relationship to the ability of several cultivars of soybean to weed. This research was arranged using split plot design with three blocks as the repetition where the main plot was the weed treatments and those were weedy, weeding in a critical period, and weed-free. Sub-plot was the soybean cultivars which are Anjarmoro, Argomulyo, Burangrang, Gema, Gepakkuning, Kaba, and Wilis.The results showed that rooting variables that could be used as a marker of the ability of soybean plants to compete to weeds were root length and root volume.Keywords: competitive, cultivar, root, soy bean, weed

Effects of Weed on Growth of Several Soybean Cultivar Doni Hariandi; Didik Indradewa; Prapto Yudono
Gontor AGROTECH Science Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor, Ponorogo, East Java Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/agrotech.v5i1.3274

Soybean is one of the food commodities, which contains vegetable protein, carbohydrates and fat, hence it is necessary to complement the nutrition. Demand consumption of soybean higher with increasing population annually, the production of soybean is still sufficient to complete the increasing of demand. Therefore, the increasing of soybean production has to be considered to decrease the dependency on imported. Soybean production can be increased by the cultivation technique. In this method, the present of weed should be concerned. Weed can reduce the quality and quantity of soybean. The research was done at Kebun Pendidikan, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian (KP4) Gadjah Mada University which located at Kalitirto, Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This research started on November 2015-April 2016. The research aims to identify the effects of weed on the growth analysis of several soybean cultivar. This field research is arranged using spit plot with three blocks as the repetition where the main-plot is the weed treatments andthose are weed-free, weeding in a critical period, and weedy. Sub plot is the soybean cultivars which are Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, Burangrang, Gema, Gepak Kuning, Kaba, and Wilis. The research’s result show the weed treatments would effect no significant difference in the leaf area index, net assimilation rate, crop growth rate (3 to 6 weeks after planted/WAP), specific leaf weight, and leaf area ratio (3 WAP). Which affects are the crop growth rate (6 to 9 WAP) and leaf area ratio (6 and 9 WAP)

NATURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL AFFECTING THE GROWTH OF AREN PLANT (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr) Rosi Widarawati; Prapto Yudono; Didik Indradewa; Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami
Agros Journal of Agriculture Science Vol 19, No 1 (2017): Edisi Januari
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Janabadra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (214.277 KB)

Aren plant (Arenga pinnata) can produce industrial raw materials. Almost all parts of palm trees can be utilized, namely young and old leaves, young endosperms, stems, stem bunches of flowers, roots, and fibers. Sugar leaves used for the roof of the house or hut. Young endosperms are used for fleas as a mixture of food or drink. Stem aren tree can be taken flour for the manufacture of palm flour. The main problem is the unclear growth of aren trees caused by soil characteristics in various places. The objectives of the study were to: 1) understanding the effect of land characteristic on the growth of aren trees; 2) look for various growth characters of aren plants at different altitudes. The study was conducted by survey and observation. Location was selected by purposive sampling, i.e. areas with altitude (<600 m ASL, 600 to 700 m ASL, and> 700 m ASL). The results showed differences results. Aren plant cultivation techniques that include the way of nursery, maintenance and post harvest management not implemented in Kulonprogo region, especially Ngargosari village, Pagerharjo, and Nglinggo. There is influence of altitude factors of place, soil type, morphology, physiology, and biochemistry to growth and aren products.

UJI KOMPARASI KUALITAS BERAS VARIETAS PADI SAWAH YANG DIBUDIDAYAKAN SECARA ORGANIK DAN KONVENSIONAL Achmad Fatchul Aziez; Didik Indradewa; Prapto Yudono; Eko Hanudin
JURNAL ILMIAH AGRINECA Vol. 16 No. 2 (2016): JURNAL AGRINECA
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Tunas Pembangunan Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36728/afp.v16i2.552

Rice quality is the dominant factor of rice. The quality of rice includes the weight percentage of head rice, amylose content and the quality of rice include flavor of rice, rice texture and rice aroma. Rice from different rice varieties will be different quality, so also the way of rice cultivation is also very influential on the quality of rice produced. This study aims to compare the quality of rice from various rice varieties under organically and conventional cultivations. The experiment was conducted on Organic and Conventional rice field in Kebonagung village, Imogiri, Bantul from September 2013 until January 2014 with Inceptisol soil type and altitude of 114 m . This research was designed with Randomized Completely Randomized Block Design which was arranged in a split plot consisting of 2 treatment factors and repeated 4 times. Factor I: Cultivation, namely organic cultivation and conventional cultivation and Factor II kinds of varieties that consist of IR64, Cianjur, Pandanwangi, Mentikwangi and Cisedane. Parameters observed included grain yield, percentage of rice head, amylose content, protein content, and rice quality including rice flavor, rice texture, and rice aroma. The results showed that (1) the yield of grain did not differ between organic cultivation and conventional cultivation. (2) Organic cultivation increased the heavy percentage of rice head of IR64 variety, (3) Organic Cultivation decreased the amylose content of Cianjur and Pandanwangi varieties, and increased the amylopectin level so the rice became more â€œPulenâ€ (4) Organic cultivation raises levels of IR64, Pandanwangi, Mentikwangi and Cisedane variety of varieties, (5) Organic cultivations tend to improve the quality of rice including taste, texture and aroma of rice

The Dynamics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Growth Type Firmansyah Firmansyah; Taryono Taryono; Prapto Yudono
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 15, No 2 (2012): Desember
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.2514

(Sesamum indicumL.) is one of important vegetableoil cropsin theworld. Indonesian local sesame cultivars in use today still have indeterminate growth types that cause simultaneous harvest, narrow adaptability and lower yield. Stage of the research is to see dynamics growth type of sesame due to environmental change and to find morphological and biochemical selection criteria of determinate growth cultivar. This study uses a factorial completely randomized design consisting of three replications. The first factor is six cultivars of sesame, two types of determinate growth type cultivar introduced from Turkey III Det 23, III Det 36 and four indeterminate growth type cultivars Sbr 3, Sbr 4, white local and black local. The second factor is six environments that combine various combinations of temperature and several concentrations of NaCl as salinity stress. The results showed that the environment combined heat stress temperature and salinity affect growth type of sesame. Heat stress makes longer vegetative phase and salinity stress causes black local genotype changed to determinate growth type. III det 23 and III det 36 were considered as stable determinate cultivar and best used as a parent crossing in sesame breeding program.

PENGARUH PEMBENAH TANAH TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKA TANAH DAN HASIL BAWANG MERAH PADA LAHAN PASIR PANTAI BUGEL KABUPATEN KULON PROGO Rajiman Rajiman; Prapto Yudono; Endang Sulistyaningsih; Eko Hanudin
Agrin Vol 12, No 1 (2008): Agrin
Publisher : Jenderal Soedirman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.agrin.2008.12.1.80

Penelitian bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui pengaruh pembenah tanah terhadap perubahan sifatfisika tanah dan hasil bawang merah di lahan pasir pantai; dan 2) mencari bahan alternatif pembenahtanah di tanah pasir pantai. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap Faktorialterdiri atas 3 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah jenis tanah dengan takaran 30 t/ha (T) yaitu Grumusol (T1)dan Lumpur (T2). Faktor kedua adalah jenis bahan organik dengan takaran 20 t/ha (B) yaitu pupukkandang sapi (B1) dan blotong tebu (B2). Faktor ketiga berupa dosis limbah karbit (A) yangdibedakan menjadi 3 aras yaitu 0 t/ha (A0), 1 t/ha (A1) dan 2 t/ha (A2). Sebagai kontrol digunakantanah pasir tanpa pembenah tanah. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tekstur, berat volume, berat jenis,porositas total, kadar lengas pF 2,54, pF 4,2, kapasitas air tersedia, berat segar, berat kering, beratkering oven dan diameter umbi bawang merah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis tanah,bahan organik dan limbah karbit di tanah pasir pantai nyata meningkatkan jumlah fraksi lempung,debu, porositas, kadar lengas, menurunkan BV, BJ dan meningkatkan berat segar, berat kering, beratkering oven dan diameter umbi bawang merah dibanding kontrol. Penggunaan jenis tanah, bahanorganik dan limbah karbit tidak nyata mempengaruhi hasil bawang merah. Lumpur, blotong danlimbah karbit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu alternatif pengganti grumusol dan pupuk kandangdi tanah pasir.Kata kunci : bawang merah, lahan pasir, pembenah tanah ABSTRACTThe objectives of study were to 1) study the effect of soil conditioner on soil physics and shallotyield in coastal sandy land, 2) find out soil conditioner alternative in coastal sandy land. The researchwas conducted by complete randomized design, which consists of three factors. First factor was soiltypes at level of 30 t/ha (T) : grumusol (T1) and mud (T2). Second factor was organic matter types atlevel of 20 t/ha: manure (B1) and sugarcane (B2). Third factor was waste of carbida (A), 0 t/ha (A0),1 t/ha (A1), 2 t/ha (A2) and control. The observation of parameters was texture, bulk density, particledensity, porosity, water contents of pF 2,54; pF 4,2; available water capasity, fresh weight, dry weight,oven dry weight and diameters of bulbs. The result showed that the soil types, organic matter typesand waste of carbida in coastal sandy land significantly increased on clay and silt fraction total,porosity, water contents, fresh weight, dry weight, oven dry weight and diameters bulbs and reducedto bulk density, particle density, sand fraction. The effect of the soil types, organic matter and waste ofcarbida were not significant on the shallots yield. Mud, sugarcane “blotong” and waste of carbide canbe used as alternative substittution of grumusol and litter of livestock in coastal sandy land.Key words: shallot, sandy land, soil conditioner

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