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INDUSTRIALISASI PERTAMBANGAN DAN DEAGRARIANISASI MASYARAKAT DESA (Studi Kasus Masyarakat Desa Embalut dan Desa Bangunrejo, Kecamatan Tenggarong Seberang, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur) Gandi, Rajib; Sunito, Satyawan
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 9, No 1 (2015): Sodality
Publisher : SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan

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East Kalimantan province has issued a mining license (IUP) reached 1,192 pieces, until August 2014. Kutai Kartanegara is a county that issued the largest IUP is 407 companies, which 218 companies have been involved in the production, while the remaining 189 are still in the exploratory stage. Embalut village and village Bangunrejo which become part of the administration Tenggarong Seberang Sub-District, Kutai Kartanegara, is a village that has more than 30 years was associated with the mining industry, PT. Kitadin. The results showed that: (1) the mining industrialization has changed the structure of land in the village Embalut and villageÂ Bangunrejo where land holdings in both villages have concentrated on coal mining companies. (2) mining Industrialization increasingly encourage people to work or livelihood in outside agriculture (deagrarianization). This study used qualitative methods, with in-depth interview techniques, group discussions, observation, and study of literature / documents. Keywords: Industrialization Mining, deagrarianization, land tenure

Mining Industrialization and Deagrarianization in Rural Community (A case Study of Community Embalut and Bangunrejo, Tenggarong Seberang District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan) Rajib Gandi; Satyawan Sunito
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015): Sodality
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

East Kalimantan province has issued a mining license (IUP) reached 1,192 pieces, until August 2014. Kutai Kartanegara is a county that issued the largest IUP is 407 companies, which 218 companies have been involved in the production, while the remaining 189 are still in the exploratory stage. Embalut village and village Bangunrejo which become part of the administration Tenggarong Seberang Sub-District, Kutai Kartanegara, is a village that has more than 30 years was associated with the mining industry, PT. Kitadin. The results showed that: (1) the mining industrialization has changed the structure of land in the village Embalut and village Bangunrejo where land holdings in both villages have concentrated on coal mining companies. (2) mining Industrialization increasingly encourage people to work or livelihood in outside agriculture (deagrarianization). This study used qualitative methods, with in-depth interview techniques, group discussions, observation, and study of literature / documents. Keywords: Industrialization Mining, deagrarianization, land tenure

Analysis of Actors in Promoting Recognition of Indigenous Peoples Policy Post Constitution Court Rulling No.35 (Study on AMAN’s and the Network’s Role in Promoting the Recognition of Indigenous Peoples Through Village Law and Recognition and Protection of Idham Arsyad; Satyawan Sunito; Haryadi Kartodiharjo
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 4 No. 3 (2016): Sodality
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTThe judicial review allegation conducted by the Nusantara Indigenous Peoples Alliance (AMAN) against Act No. 41/1999 on Forestry has resulted Constitutional Court Rulling No.35 (Putusan MK 35) which sucessfully excluded indigenous forests from the state forest. This ruling has implications for the process of new policy formulation related to the recognition and protection of indigenous people and their customary land. Therefore this study aims to look at the influence of the Putusan MK 35 on the formulation of the Village Law and Recognition and Protection of Indegenous People Bill (RUU PPMHA)through the role of actors and discourses. This study found that; The Putusan MK 35 affect the substance of the Village Law with the inclusion of the indegenous village nomenclature within the law. A common discourse and political interests among actors made the Village Law formed quickly. However the rulling did not succeed in promoting PPMHA Law given the conflict of the actors was very high and the discourse about social unit of indegenous people was unclear at that timeKeywords: indigenous peoples, indigenous forest, indigenous village, recognition and protection, costumary landABSTRAKGugatan judicial review yang dilakukan oleh Aliansi Masyarakat Adat Nusantara (AMAN) terhadap UU No.41 tahun 1999 tentang Kehutanan yang menghasilkan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No.35 (Putusan MK 35) yang mengeluarkan hutan adat dari hutan negara. Kebijakan ini berimplikasi pada proses pembentukan kebijakan baru terkait dengan pengakuan dan perlindungan masyarakat adat dan wilayah adatnya. Karenanya, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh Putusan MK 35 terhadap Undang-Undang tentang Desa dan Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Pengakuan dan Perlindungan Masyarakat Hukum Adat (RUU PPMHA) melalui analisis aktor dan diskursus yang berkembang. Penelitian menemukan bahwa Putusan MK 35 mempengaruhi subtansi Undang- Undang Desa dengan masuknya nomenklatur desa adat dalam undang-undang. Diskursus dan kepentingan yang saya sama dari aktor membuat undang-undang ini terbentuk secara cepat. Namun tidak berhasil dalam RUU PPMHA karena konflik para aktor sangat tinggi dan diskursus mengenai unit sosial masyarakat hukum adat tidak jelas.Kata kunci: masyarakat adat, hutan adat, desa adat, pengakuan dan perlindungan, wilayah adat.

The Socio-Economics Dynamics at Distribution of Small Scale Bananas Comodity in West Java Fasih Vidiastuti Sholihah; Rilus A. Kinseng; Satyawan Sunito
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): Sodality
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTThe pattern of the commercial banana farm rise the socio-economic dynamics in the value chain banana distribution. In West Java, the exposure to market information make banana farmers get access to the market directly but they have to encounter a domination of big seller (Bandar). This study aimed to analize the types of value chain and the relationships among the actors. This research was conducted in Cugenang, Cianjur, West Java by using qualitative methods of case approach. The results showed seven types of value chain in the banana distribution among the farmers to the consumer which realization the cooperation relationship of information flow, production inputs, and finance. The chain was build based on kinship, relationship farmer groups, relationship capital, and direct access to the market. Farmers related to middlemen for sorting and packing bananas, while relations with Bandar done by middlemen in capital bond. Farmer groups member had relationship with marketers group (BPK) which do grading the quality of bananas. Relations with capital loans bonding between farmer-middleman-Bandar made value chain grew longer and farmers increasingly passive in determining the price. Competition occured between sections of middlemen at the local level because of the dominance Bandar who controlled the market access. BPK independently sell commodities had compete with Bandar who has a network of cooperation in the middleman.Keywords: actor, competition, coorperation, market, value chainABSTRAKPola pertanian pisang yang komersil memunculkan dinamika hubungan sosial-ekonomi dalam rantai nilai pendistribusian pisang. Di Jawa Barat, terbukanya informasi mengenai pasar membuat petani pisang mendapatkan akses langsung ke pasar namun masih terdapat dominasi penguasa modal besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis value chain (rantai nilai) dan relasi antar aktor pada sistem rantai nilai dalam pemasaran komoditas pisang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain metode kualitatif yaitu studi kasus di Kecamatan Cugenang, Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tujuh tipe value chain pada distribusi pisang antara petani sampai ke konsumen akhir yang merupakan perwujudan relasi kerjasama aliran informasi, input produksi, dan keuangan. Rantai tersebut dibangun berdasarkan hubungan kekerabatan, hubungan kelompok tani, hubungan permodalan, dan akses langsung ke pasar. Petani berelasi dengan tengkulak dalam hal sortir dan packing, sedangkan relasi dengan Bandar dilakukan oleh tengkulak dengan ikatan modal. Kelompok tani yang masih aktif menjalin relasi dengan bagian pemasar kelompok (BPK) yang melakukan grading kualitas pisang. Relasi ikatan pinjaman modal antara petani-tengkulak-bandar menjadikan rantai nilai semakin panjang dan petani semakin pasif dalam menentukan harga. Persaingan terjadi antar bagian tengkulak pada tingkat lokal daerah karena dominasi akses pasar luar dikuasai oleh Bandar pisang. BPK yang menjual komoditasnya secara mandiri harus bersaing dengan dominasi Bandar yang memiliki jaringan kerjasama di tengkulak.Kata kunci: aktor, kerjasama, persaingan, relasi, value chain

Political economy of Agrarian Conflict of Small Island: Case Study in Pari Island, Seribu Islands, Capital Province of Jakarta Yoppie Christian; Arif Satria; Satyawan Sunito
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018): Sodality
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTA small island of Pari currently experiencing agrarian conflicts over land involving locals and tourism corporations. This conflict has lasted for more than twenty years and there has been no solution to this dispute. This research chooses a case study approach to discover how the appropriation of the means of production by capital to Pari’s locals and analyze the critical point of capital penetration into the insular region. The data were taken using observation, interviews, archives, focused discussions, and mass-media as a qualitative analysis material by generalizing the empirical findings into the intermediate theoretical analysis. The results show that this process of dispossession involves the state apparatus essentially by manipulating the lack of local knowledge of the formal property system and the application of pseudo-legal system to strengthen the land acquisition process. The Marxian political economic perspective sees the relation between corporation and state in land dispossession in Pari is in order to create a pre-condition for the formation of a new space of capitalism. This new space is based on primitive accumulation by separating humans from their means of production and creating landless people as the foundation for the operation of capital accumulation by the tourism industry and potentially excluding fishers or local communities as actors in small island resource management.Keywords: accumulation by dispossesion, agrarian conflict, political economy, small islandABSTRAKPulau kecil Pari saat ini mengalami konflik agraria atas tanah yang melibatkan masyarakat lokal dan korporasi wisata. Konflik ini telah berlangsung selama lebih dari duapuluh tahun dan belum ada solusi atas sengketa ini. Penelitian ini memilih pendekatan studi kasus untuk menemukan cara kerja perampasan alat produksi oleh kapital terhadap wargan Pari dan menganalisis kegentingan dari penetrasi kapital ke wilayah insular. Data diambil memanfaatkan observasi, wawancara, arsip, diskusi terfokus, dan media massa sebagai bahan analisis secara kualitatif dengan menggeneralisasi temuan empirik dalam analisis teoritik level menengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses perampasan ini melibatkan aparat negara secara esensial dengan cara memanipulasi ketiadaan pengetahuan warga lokal terhadap sistem properti formal dan bekerjanya sistem pseudo-legal untuk menguatkan proses akuisisi tanah tersebut. Perspektif ekonomi politik Marxian dalam penelitian ini melihat bahwa relasi kapitalistik antara korporasi dan negara dalam perampasan tanah di Pari adalah dalam rangka menciptakan pra-kondisi bagi pembentukan ruang baru kapitalisme. Ruang baru ini berbasis akumulasi primitif dengan melucuti manusia dari alat produksi dan menciptakan manusia tanpa tanah sebagai fondasi bagi operasi akumulasi kapital oleh industri wisata dan berpotensi menyingkirkan nelayan atau masyarakat lokal sebagai aktor dalam pengelolaan sumber daya pulau kecil.Kata kunci: akumulasi dengan perampasan, ekonomi politik, konflik agraria, pulau kecil

Land Conversion and Changes in Agricultural Communities at Cimanuk Subdistrict, Pandeglang Regency Susvia Delta Kusdiane; Endriatmo Soetarto; Satyawan Sunito
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2018): Sodality
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Cimanuk Subdistrict is known with rice brand called “beras cimanuk”, which is a quality rice-producing area in Pandeglang Regency, but land use due to regional development has affected the lives of farmers, especially the younger generation of local farmers. This study aims to see how the conversion of agricultural land has a significant impact on social change in society, especially in the survival of generations of farmers. Data collection was conducted from April to June 2016 with interview techniques involving 21 informants consisting of tenants, landowners, surrounding communities, and agricultural extension agents. Data analysis was carried out descriptively. The results of the study concluded that land use change affected the declining role of agriculture in the socio-economic life of the community. the fading of the meaning of agricultural land became a driver in the difficulty of realizing the regeneration of farmers in Cimanuk subdistrict

EKSPANSI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DAN PERLUNYA PERBAIKAN KEBIJAKAN PENATAAN RUANG/ Palm Oil Expansion and Requirement Spatial Planning Policy Improvement Andi Ishak; Rilus A. Kinseng; Satyawan Sunito; Didin S Damanhuri
Perspektif Vol 16, No 1 (2017): Juni, 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v16n1.2017.%p

ABSTRAK Kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) merupakan komoditas penting bagi perekonomian Indonesia karena menjadi sumber pendapatan negara dan penyedia lapangan kerja yang cukup signifikan. Indonesia menjadi pengekspor minyak sawit terbesar dunia saat ini dengan luas perkebunan lebih dari 10 juta hektar dan melibatkan sekitar 16 juta tenaga kerja. Ekspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit disebabkan oleh kesesuaian agroklimat, permintaan global, dan dukungan kebijakan pemerintah. Kelapa sawit berpotensi dikembangkan pada lahan seluas 51,4 juta hektar dan telah dibudidayakan pada 22 provinsi di Indonesia, terutama di Pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan. Kelapa sawit mampu menghasilkan minyak nabati 4-23 kali lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan tanaman penghasil minyak nabati lainnya serta dimanfaatkan secara luas untuk bahan baku industri pangan dan non pangan di seluruh dunia. Dukungan kebijakan pemerintah telah mendorong investasi swasta masuk dalam industri kelapa sawit dan melakukan ekspansi perkebunan secara besar-besaran dalam tiga dekade terakhir. Ekspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit berdampak positif pada kondisi sosio-ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan. Pembangunan perkebunan swasta mendorong konversi lahan menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat, perubahan pola nafkah petani, dan migrasi tenaga kerja ke daerah-daerah perkebunan sehingga meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat dan mempercepat pembangunan wilayah. Namun ekspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit yang tidak terkendali telah berdampak negatif karena menyebabkan konflik agraria, deforestasi, dan kebakaran hutan yang memicu kabut asap. Kebijakan pemerintah terkait moratorium sawit yang dilakukan secara simultan dengan penataan ruang menjadi relevan untuk mencegah semakin luasnya dampak negatif akibat ekspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit.Kata kunci: Kelapa sawit, dampak, moratorium, kebijakan spasial. ABSTRACTPalm oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) is an important commodity for the Indonesian economy as it becomes a significant source of state income and employment providers. Indonesia is the world's largest palm oil exporter today with a plantation area of more than 10 million hectares and involves about 16 million workers. The expansion of oil palm plantations is due to the suitability of agro-climate, global demand, and government policy support. Oil palm has the potential to be developed on an area of 51.4 million hectares and has been cultivated in 22 provinces in Indonesia, mainly on the islands of Sumatra and Kalimantan. Palm oil is able to produce vegetable oil 4-23 times more than other vegetable-producing crops and widely used for food and non-food industry raw materials worldwide. Government policy support has encouraged private investment into the palm oil industry and expanded large-scale plantations in the past three decades. The expansion of oil palm plantations has a positive impact on the socio-economic conditions of rural communities. The development of private plantations encourages land conversion to smallholder oil palm plantations, changes in farmers' livelihood patterns, and labor migration to plantation areas that increase community incomes and accelerate regional development. But the uncontrolled expansion of oil palm plantations has had a negative impact as it causes agrarian conflicts, deforestation, and forest fires that trigger haze. Government policies related to the palm oil moratorium simultaneously conducted with spatial arrangement become relevant to prevent the increasing extent of the negative impact due to the expansion of oil palm plantations.Keywords: Palm oil, impact, moratorium, spatial policy.

KERENTANAN EKOLOGI DAN STRATEGI PENGHIDUPAN PERTANIAN MASYARAKAT DESA PERSAWAHAN TADAH HUJAN DI PANTURA INDRAMAYU Ali Yansyah Abdurrahim; Arya Hadi Dharmawan; Satyawan Sunito; I Made Sudiana
Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia Vol 9, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Centre for Population, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jki.v9i1.109

Rain fed paddy village in Indramayu North Coasthasa very high ecological vulnerability. Location at the end of the irrigation and flood discharge channel makes this village every year drought in the dry season and floods in the rainy season. Later, the frequency and intensity increase as climate change. This condition is the pressure that shook the liveli hoods of rural communities. To maintain and continue their livelihood, households from various social strata living doing various activities that are grouped into three livelihood strategies, namely (1) agriculture, (2) non-agricultural livelihood diversification, and (3) migration. Livelihood strategies carried out by combining its livelihood assets and livelihood assets belonging to other households who successfully accessible through existing social institutions in rural communities. With a wide range of social institutions that, in general, every household in the village Karangmulya trying to generate sustainable livelihood out comes for the household. Income, well-being (welfare), adaptation of livelihoods, food security, and sustainability of natural resources resulting in a comprehensive and coKeywords: vulnerability, floods, droughts, livelihood strategies, sustainable livelihoods

MODAL JARO DALAM ARENA POLITIK LOKAL: Studi Kasus di Desa Cileuksa Kecamatan Sukajaya Kabupaten Bogor Iwansyah Iwansyah; Satyawan Sunito; Sofyan Syaf
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol 11, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jsr.v11i1.1272

This research concern swith the role of Jaro capital at local political arena in Cileuksa village of Sukajaya District, West Jawa. The aim of this research is to understand the relationship between Jaro capital at local political arena, capital elaboration as foundation for vertical mobility and capital reproduction within local political arena. Using case study as its research method, this research finds that as cultural actor, Jaro or Jawara, has significant meaning in local political arena, namely cultural influence and formal authority. With regards to cultural influence, this study finds that Jaro’s presenceis essential for Cileuksa’s villagers. Furthermore, as the head of the village, Jaro holds formal structure authority to go vernits people. This research concludes that both cultural influence and formal authority were supported by maintained and reproduced capital in local political arena.Penelitian ini berfokus pada konsep modal Jaro di arena politik lokal di Desa Cileuksa, Kecamatan Sukajaya, Jawa Barat. Tujuan dari riset untuk mengetahui hubungan antara modal Jaro di arena politik lokal, elaborasi antara modal sebagai fondasi untuk mobiltas vertikal dan reproduksi modal di dalam arena politik lokal. Dengan menggunakan studi kasus sebagai metode kajian, riset ini bertujuan untuk menemukan aktor kultural, Jaro atau Jawara, yang memiliki makna yang signifikan dalam arena politik lokal, yang disebut dengan pengaruh kebudayaan dan otoritas formal. Dengan melihat adanya pengaruh kebudayaan, kajian ini menemukan bahwa peran Jaro sangat penting bagi masyarakat Desa Cileuksa. Selanjutnya, sebagai seo rang pemimpin di desa, Jaro mengendalikan struktur otoritas formal bagi masyarakat desa. Riset ini menemukan bahwa ada dua pengaruh budaya dan otoritas formal yang didukung oleh adanya pengendalian dan reproduksi modal di arena politik lokal.

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