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All Journal Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati BERITA BIOLOGI JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Makara Journal of Science

I Made Samudra

Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian, Jl. Tentara Pelajar No. 3A, Bogor 16111 Telp. (0251) 8337975

Author-ID : 480388

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles

EKSPLORASI DAN KARAKTERISASI ENTOMOPATOGEN ASAL BERBAGAI INANG DAN LOKASI [Exploration and Characterization of Entomopathogenic from Various Host and Location] Priyatno, Tri Puji; Samudra, I Made; Manzila, Ifa; Susilowati, Dwi Ningsih; Suryadi, Yadi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Microbial groups of entomopathogenic (fungi and bacteria) had been reported causing insect mortality. The aim of the study was to explore and characterized entomopathogenic from various host and locations. Fungal identification at genus and species level was caried out based on conidial morphology, hyphal growth, conidiophore and colony color; whilst for bacterial identification was based on standard Bergeyâs manual for determinative bacteria. Sixteen entomopathogenic isolates that consisted of fungal and bacteria have been collected and preserved for further characterization. Of the 16 entomopathogen collected samples, five fungal genera was found i.e. Paecilomyces; Metarhizium, Beauveria, Hirsutella; and Cordyceps. Seven isolates belonging to six fungal isolates, and one bacterial isolate had been identified based upon ITS and 16S rDNA sequences, respectively. We confirmed that 6 fungal isolates belong to species of Paecilomyces reniformis, B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, M. anisopliae var acridum, Hirsutella thomsonii. One isolate of red pigmented bacteria Sm201102 have been identified was belonging to species Seratia marcescence. It was also obtained two fungal isolates from different host (spider and beetle) which confirmed by morphological character belong to Cordyceps sp.

KARAKTERISASI MORFOLOGI TIGA GENUS SERANGGA PENGGEREK (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALOIDEA) Pratami, Gina Dania; Raffiudin, Rika; Samudra, I Made
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 16, No 2 (2016): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Morphological characterization of three genere of insect borer (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea). The objective of the research was to characterize the morphological differences of insect borers between Genus Etiella (Pyralidae: Phycitinae), ScirpophagaÂ (Crambidae: Schoenobiinae), and Ostrinia (Crambidae: Pyraustinae). Observed characters were based on external morphology and genitalia. The result showed that Crambidae has praecinctorium in the tympanic organs, while lack of in Pyralidae. Phycitinae had chaetosema, proboscis, cubital pecten and the elongated forewing. Pyraustinae was lack of chaetosema and their forewings are wide towards termen. Whereas, Schoenobiinae had chaetosema with elongated forewing. Etiella had scales on antemedial area and their veins M2-M3 are fused. Forewing of Ostrinia had 11 veins and the corpus bursae shape was round irregular. Forewing of Scirpophaga had 12 veins, anal hair tuft, coremata, and the corpus bursae is round. The main characteristics used in identification at family and subfamily level were the praecinctorium, chaetosema, the shape of the forewings, proboscis, and cubital pecten. Whereas at genus level; anal hair tuft, coremata, and shape of the corpus bursae formed the basis of characterization. The morphological characterization was used to make the key identification of insect borers in Indonesia.

PROTEIN TOKSININSEKTISIDAL DARI BAKTERI PATOGEN SERANGGA Photorhabdus luminescens HJ Akhdiya, Alina; Pratiwi, Etty; Samudra, I Made
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 6 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Photorhabdus luminescens HJ is an entomopathogenic bacterium that has a high toxicity against Tenebrio molitor larvae.Toxicity assay of crude extra cellular protein precipitated using ammonium sulphate showed that the highest toxin activity was found in 70 % saturation. Purification of the toxin using Hi Prep 16/60 Sephacryl S-200 HR column exhibited one fraction of toxic protein and three fractions of non-toxic protein. Mortality of T. molitor larvae treated with 19.2 nanogram of toxic fraction was up to 80%. Denatured protein analysis using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the toxic fraction was composed of three proteins, which were 19.5, 42, and 66 kDa respectively. Based on toxin activity bioassay, this toxin type was an injectable toxin and presumably classified as Mcf toxin.

Insecticidal Activity of Extracellular Protein of PRU8 Isolate against Tenebrio molitor Larvae Akhdiya, Alina; Pratiwi, Etty; Samudra, I Made
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 14, No 2 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Sel ataupun supernatan bebas sel dari kultur cair isolat bakteri entomopatogen PRU8 memiliki toksisitas tinggi terhadap larva Tenebrio molitor. Bioesei protein ekstrasel kasar hasil pengendapan amonium sulfat menunjukkan bahwa toksisitas tertinggi terdapat pada protein yang diendapkan pada kejenuhan amonium sulfat 70%. Pemurnian protein menggunakan kolom Hi Prep 16/60 Sephacryl S-200 HR menghasilkan satu fraksi protein toksin. Mortalitas larva uji yang disuntik dengan 19,2 nanogram toksin murni mencapai 71%. Uji toksisitas menggunakan toksin murni menunjukkan bahwa toksin tersebut termasuk kelompok toksin tipe injeksi. Berdasarkan analisa SDS-PAGE toksin tersebut tersusun atas dua protein dengan berat molekul 116,25 dan 66,24 kDa

KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI PENGHASIL ASAM INDOL ASETAT DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP VIGOR BENIH PADI Lestari, Puji; Suryadi, Yadi; Susilowati, Dwi Ningsih; Priyatno, Tri Puji; Samudra, I Made
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1859

The ability to produce indole acetic acid (IAA) by endophytic bacteria is one of the basic criteria for the use of bacteria as plant growth promoter agent which is essential for the agricultural production.The objectives of this study were to evaluate the ability of 17 bacterial isolates to produce IAA and its effect on improvement of rice seed germination and molecular identification of the selected isolates based on the 16S rRNA gene. The IAA content was determined using Salkowski method measured by spectrophotometer UV-Vis and the effect of endophytic bacteria inoculation on seed germination was done by in vitro assay. Sequences of the selected isolates 16S rRNA amplified by PCR were analyzed the homology against bacterial 16S rRNA database in Genebank. IAA values ranged from 6.632 to 50.053 mg/L with the highest IAA production shown by isolate 6KJ which was followed by 4PB (41.807 mg/L). Bacterial IAA increased rice seed vigor significantly compared to control. However, bacterial inoculation with different concentrations of IAA did not significantly affect the growth of rice plants. Based on the IAA and its effect on seed vigor, 6KJ, 4PB and 2KB were selected for molecular identification. Results showed that the three isolates belonged to Bacillus genus, 6KJ as B. aryabhattai, 4PB belonging to B. cibi and 2KB having 97% homology with B. marisflavi. Further evaluation of the selected endophytic isolates producing IAA is necessary to be carried out to explore their potency as a source of hormone to promote plant growth.

Determination of Pathotypes from Indonesian Xanthomonas oryzae Pv. Oryzae Population causing Bacterial Leaf Blight and their Reactions on Differential Rice Suryadi, Yadi; Samudra, I Made; Priyatno, Tri Puji; Susilowati, Dwi Ningsih; Lestari, Puji; Fatimah,; Kadir, Trini Suryani
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 20, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The objective of this work was to study the virulence of 15 Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) isolates collected in three provinces in Indonesia (North Sumatra, South Sumatra, and South Sulawesi) based on five Indonesian differential rice genotypes and 10 near isogenic lines (NILs) that have been known to differ in their resistance to bacterial leaf blight (BLB), in a greenhouse assessment. In addition, this study also aims to monitor the responses of 31 rice genotypes (21 NILs, five differentials, five improved cultivars) to BLB disease in a field experiment. The 15 isolates showed different virulence patterns on the NILs’genotypes with a single resistance gene indicating the pathogen diversity. Eight different pathotypes were present, as demonstrated by a particular virulence pattern of each isolate on the genotypes. Determination of Xoo pathotype revealed that Xoo pathotypes responded differently based on their reaction to NILs and Indonesian differential genotypes. The field assessment demonstrated the incidence and severity of BLB disease on rice genotypes ranging from 25% to 100% and 5.5% to 72.91%, respectively, while the mean disease index ranged from 1.15% to 72.9%. The disease response varied among rice genotypes. IRBB50 (Xa4+xa5), IRBB51 (Xa4+xa13), IRBB52 (Xa4+Xa21), IRBB53 (Xa4+Xa21), IRBB56 (Xa4+xa5+xa13), IRBB57 (Xa4+xa5+Xa21), IRBB59 (Xa4+xa13+Xa21), IRBB64 (Xa4+xa5+Xa7+Xa21), IRBB66 (Xa4+xa5+Xa7+xa13+Xa21), IRBB7(Xa7), Angke (Xa4+xa5) and Code (Xa4+Xa7) were revealed to be highly resistant to the BLB pathogen. These genotypes have potential as genetic material for the pyramiding of several resistance genes for the development of rice resistance to BLB disease in Indonesia.

Co-Authors ALINA AKHDIYA DWI NINGSIH SUSILOWATI Etty Pratiwi, Etty Fatimah Gina Dania Pratami, Gina Dania Ifa Manzila PUJI LESTARI RIKA RAFFIUDIN Tri Puji Priyatno Trini Suryani Kadir Yadi Suryadi

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