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All Journal Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Jurnal Litbang Industri Biopropal Industri
Sri Mutiar, Sri
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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Characteristics of Tanning Leather Using Gambir on pH 4 and 8 Ardinal, Ardinal; Kasim, Anwar; Mutiar, Sri
Biopropal Industri Vol 4, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (59.533 KB)

Abstract

Tannery production process in Indonesia is still using chromium sulfate or mimosa in general. Gambier (Uncaria gambier Roxb.) extract could be used as material for tanners because it contains tannin. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of tanned leather using gambier solution at pH 4 and 8. Standard tanning method was used which includes the processing of goat leather with salt, acid and then tanned with gambier extracts. Observation of tanned leather refers to the SNI-06-0463-1989-A and ISO 0234:2009. The results showed that characteristics of tanned leather with solution of gambier at pH 4 and 8 respectively i.e.: degrees of tanning 29.87% and 39.55%, tensile strength 279.94 kg/cm2 and 433.85 kg/cm2, leather conditions was limp, light gray colour and yellow, thickness of 0.12 mm and 0.11 mm, and density 0.74 g/cm3 and 0.74 g/cm3. Tanned leather from different pH conditions generally has the same characteristic and meet standards.
Karakterisasi kulit kambing pada persiapan penyamakan dengan gambir dan sifat kulit tersamak yang dihasilkan Kasim, Anwar; Novia, Deni; Mutiar, Sri; Pinem, Janwaris
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 29, No 1 (2013): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (153.636 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v29i1.213

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe purposes of this research were to evaluate characteristic of goat skin beforepreparation for tanning, to observe the effect of concentration of gambier tanning agent and pHof gambier solution during tanning process. This research began with characterizing of skinbefore the tanning process. Gambier concentrations and pH of solutions were varied.Characterization of the goat skin was done on the area of goat skin, chemical composition, andweight change at each steps of tanning preparations. Physical and chemical analysis andobservation of the leather were done according to SNI-06-0463-1989-A. Goat skin in thisresearch was categorized as first quality according to the wide dimension and high water content.The results showed that the characteristics of dried goat skins changed during preparation andtanning process. The optimum concentration of gambier was 9% if the solution had a pH of 4 andthe optimum concentration was 3% if the solution had a pH of 8.Keywords: goat skin, tanning, gambier, concentration, pHABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik kulit kambing padapersiapan penyamakan, melihat pengaruh perbedaan konsentrasi bahan penyamak gambir danpH larutan penyamak gambir selama proses penyamakan. Pelaksanaan penelitian dimulaidengan karakterisasi kulit sebelum proses penyamakan kemudian dilanjutkan penyamakanmenggunakan gambir. Konsentrasi gambir pada penyamakan ada 5 tingkat yaitu A1=3%,A2=6%, A3=9%, A4=12% dan A5=15% adapun pH larutan 2 tingkat yaitu pH 4 dan pH 8. Bahanbaku yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kulit kambing kering awet garam. Karakterisasidilakukan terhadap luas kulit kambing, komposisi kimia, dan perubahan berat kulit pada setiaplangkah persiapan penyamakan. Analisis kimia dan pengamatan sifat kulit dilakukan terhadapkulit tersamak dengan mengacu kepada SNI-06-0463-1989-A. Kulit kambing penelitian adalahtermasuk kualitas I berdasarkan dimensi luas dengan kadar air yang relatif tinggi. Adapenambahan dan penurunan berat kulit selama proses pembuatan pikel dan penyamakan kulit.Rendemen pengolahan adalah 32,91% sampai 43,53%. Konsentrasi optimum zat penyamakgambir adalah 9% jika larutannya mempunyai pH 4 dan konsentrasi optimum 3% jika larutannyamempunyai pH 8. Sifat kulit tersamak jika konsentrasi gambir 9% dan larutan mempunyai pH 4adalah kadar zat kulit mentah 50,14%, kadar tanin terikat 13,47%, derajat penyamakan 26,86%,kekuatan tarik 418,48 kg/cm2 dan kemuluran pada waktu putus 54,80%, sedangkan jikakonsentrasi gambir 3% dan larutan mempunyai pH 8 adalah kadar zat kulit mentah 50,91%, kadartanin terikat 13,17%, derajat penyamakan 27,51%, kekuatan tarik 427,94 kg/cm2 dan kemuluranpada waktu putus 45,87%.Kata kunci: kulit kambing, penyamakan, gambir, konsentrasi, pH
Kajian kualitas gambir dan hubungannya dengan karakteristik kulit tersamak Kasim, Anwar; Asben, Alfi; Mutiar, Sri
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 31, No 1 (2015): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (622.211 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v31i1.220

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the quality of gambier taken from gambier production center in West Sumatra, the characteristic of tanned leather which was tanned by gambier, and the relationship between gambier quality and tanned leather product. This study was conducted by firstly taking the samples from ten location randomly, secondly analizing some of its characteristics, and later applicating them in leather tanning. The relationship between some gambier parameters with tanned leather was determined by linear regression. The result was finding that the quality was varied among different gambier production centers, comprise of water content, tannin level, cathecin level, ash level and water-insoluble substances. Sixty percent of producton centers had given gambier which was capable to produce leather met the quality requirements. The result also found there were a strong relationship between gambier characteristics and quality of tanned leather, e.g. gambier tannin level and bonded-tannin in tanned leather (r=0.980), gambier catechins level and bonded-tannin in tanned leather (r=0.967) and gambier ash content and bonded-tannin in tanned leather (r=0.852). Highest tannin level would produce good tanned leather.Keywords: gambier, tanning, tanned leather, the correlation.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas gambir yang diambil dari sentra produksi gambir Sumatera Barat, mengetahui karakteristik kulit tersamak yang disamak menggunakan gambir tersebut dan mengetahui hubungan kualitas gambir dengan kulit tersamak yang dihasilkan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel dari sepuluh lokasi secara acak, dilanjutkan dengan analisis karakteristik gambir serta aplikasinya dalam penyamakan kulit. Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara beberapa parameter gambir dengan parameter kulit tersamak yang dihasilkan digunakan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik gambir dari sentra produksi di Sumatera Barat memiliki kualitas yang bervariasi pada kadar air, kadar tanin, katekin, kadar abu dan zat tak larut air. 60% lokasi sentra produksi memberikan gambir yang mampu menghasilkan kualitas kulit tersamak memenuhi standar mutu. Hubungan antara beberapa parameter gambir sebagai bahan penyamak dengan kualitas kulit tersamak menunjukkan hubungan yang sangat erat antara kadar tanin gambir dengan kadar tanin terikat pada kulit tersamak (r=0.980), kadar katekin pada gambir dengan kadar tanin terikat pada kulit tersamak (r=0.967), dan kadar abu pada gambir dengan kadar tanin terikat pada kulit tersamak (r=0.852). Tingginya kadar tanin gambir akan menghasilkan kulit tersamak yang baik.Kata kunci :gambir, penyamakan, kulit tersamak, korelasi
Aplikasi Gambir Sebagai Bahan Penyamak Kulit Melalui Penerapan Penyamakan Kombinasi Kasim, Anwar; Mutiar, Sri
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 2, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (63.73 KB) | DOI: 10.24960/jli.v2i2.600.55-62

Abstract

The research on “application ofgambieras atanning agentby using alum and gambier”had been done to findthe optimumconcentrationand produce leatherthat meetsindustry standards, moreoverto subtitute chrome as a tanningmaterialthathas a negative impacton the environment. 45 sheets goat leather were used in this research. The phase I of tanningused alumthat consisted of 5 concentration levels (3%, 5%, 7%, 9% and 11% w/v), then continued with phase II that used  gambier as a tanning agentwhich consisted of 3 concentration level (3%, 6% and 9% w/v) with 3 replications. The results showedthat all leathersmet the SNI-06-0463-1989, standardfor the leather layer of tanning combination and SNI-0253-2009, standardfor the upper skin of goat legs to the chemical and physical properties. The optimum use of alum as a combination tanning agent in phase I was found to be 3% and followed by phaseIItanning agentusinggambierto be 3%. Analytical Results showed that the levels oftanned bound: 32.88%, tanning degree: 88.62%, tensile strength: 449.17kg/cm2and percentage extension:16% respectively.ABSTRAKPenelitian tentang “aplikasi gambir sebagai bahan penyamak kulit melalui penerapan penyamakan kombinasi dengan menggunakan tawas dan gambir” dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi yang optimal serta menghasilkan kulit samak yang memenuhi standar industri, dan untuk menghindari penggunaan bahan penyamak krom yang berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan kulit kambing. Pelaksanaan proses penyamakan kulit tahap I menggunakan tawas yang terdiri atas 5 taraf konsentrasi (3%, 5%, 7%, 9% dan 11%), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penyamakan nabati tahap II dengan menggunakan gambir 3 taraf konsentrasi (3%, 6%, dan 9%) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua hasil memenuhi standar SNI-06-0463-1989 tentang kulit lapis samak kombinasi dan SNI-0253-2009 tentang kulit bagian atas kaki kulit kambing terhadap sifat kimia dan fisik.Penggunaan zat penyamak kulit kombinasi yang optimum yaitu menggunakan penyamakan tahap I dengan tawas pada konsentrasi 3% dan dilanjutkan dengan penyamakan tahap II dengan menggunakan gambir pada konsentrasi 3%. Karakteristik kulit hasil pengamatan kulit tersamak adalah kadar tanin terikat: 32,88%, derajat penyamakan: 88,62%, kekuatan tarik: 449,17 kg/cm2 dan kemuluran: 16%.
Co-Authors Alfi Asben Anwar Kasim Ardinal Ardinal D. Novia Janwaris Pinem, Janwaris