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All Journal Althea Medical Journal Jurnal Sistem Kesehatan
Chrysanti Murad, Chrysanti
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadaran, Bandung
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Gambaran Perilaku Masyarakat dalam Pencarian Pengobatan Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut di Wilayah Kejadian Luar Biasa Avian Influenza Pada Unggas di Jawa Barat Tahun 2014 rachim, widyani; Mutiara, kuswandewi; Murad, Chrysanti
Jurnal Sistem Kesehatan Vol 2, No 1 (2016): Volume 2 Nomor 1 September 2016
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (257.01 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/jsk.v2i1.10408

Abstract

Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) masih menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas pada anak di dunia, dengan insidensi sebesar 17% pertahun di Indonesia. Virus utama penyebab ISPA adalah virus Influenza, yang memiliki daya mutasi yang cepat dan dapat menyebabkan penyakit endemik seperti infeksi Avian Influenza. Cara masyarakat dalam mencari pengobatan berpengaruh terhadap morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit ini, sehingga penting untuk diketahui agar dapat dilakukan intervensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pemilihan pengobatan pada masyarakat dengan ISPA di daerah endemik Avian Influenza pada unggas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain survey potong lintang deskriptif kuantitatif dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder pada penelitian di Kabupaten Indramayu dan Majalengka bulan Juli-Desember 2014. Pola pengobatan responden sangat bervariasi. Lebih dari setengah responden (50-70%) memilih mengobati sendiri penyakit mereka dan ke tenaga medis saat penyakit tidak sembuh atau gejala yang dirasakan berat. Pengobatan tahap pertama yang paling banyak dipilih adalah pengobatan sendiri menggunakan obat bebas. Sebagian besar (±80%) mengakhiri pengobatan setelah menemui tenaga medis. Tidak terdapat perbedaan dalam pola pengobatan antar kategori umur balita, anak, dan dewasa. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan pengobatan antara lain faktor biaya, jarak, dan kondisi sakit keluarga.Kata Kunci. Avian Influenza, Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut, pola pencarian pengobatan.
Gambaran Pengetahuan Masyarakat mengenai Influenza pada Manusia di Kabupaten Indramayu dan Majalengka sebagai Wilayah Kejadian Luar Biasa H5N1 pada Unggas di Jawa Barat Tahun 2014 rahma, shofia safira; Mutiara, kuswandewi; Murad, Chrysanti
Jurnal Sistem Kesehatan Vol 1, No 3 (2016): Volume 1 Nomor 3 Maret 2016
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (268.935 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/jsk.v1i3.10357

Abstract

Berdasarkan data WHO tahun 2015, Indonesia merupakan negara dengan kasus influenza A H5N1 pada manusia yang terbanyak kedua setelah Mesir. Virus H5N1 dikhawatirkan dapat menimbulkan pandemi berikutnya karena kemampuan virus dalam bermutasi secara cepat dan mengalami perubahan gen. Kurangnya pemahaman dan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai flu burung dan kemungkinan risikonya perlu ditangani untuk mencegah terjadinya pandemi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai influenza pada manusia di Kabupaten Indramayu dan Majalengka. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain survei potong lintang deskriptif kuantitatif. Peneliti menggunakan data sekunder pada penelitian yang sudah dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Indramayu dan Majalengka pada Juli – Desember 2014. Subjek penelitian ini adalah penghuni rumah dengan kasus indeks di daerah KLB flu burung dan rumah tangga yang berada di area 200 meter dari rumah tersebut. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara terstruktur berdasarkan kuesioner pengetahuan mengenai influenza dan kuesioner pengetahuan mengenai flu burung pada manusia. Mayoritas responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan kurang mengenai influenza (65,5%) dan flu burung pada manusia (74,5%). Banyak responden yang tidak mengetahui penyebab influenza dan flu burung pada manusia, serta gejala flu burung pada manusia. Pemerintah masih perlu meningkatkan pendidikan kesehatan mengenai influenza dan flu burung pada manusia melalui televisi dan penyuluhan.Kata kunci: flu burung, influenza, pengetahuan
Nurses’ Knowledge of Blood Culture Sampling Procedure Iswari, Wulan Ardhana; Murad, Chrysanti; Parwati, Ida
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (702.001 KB)

Abstract

Background: False-positive blood culture results due to contaminated samples have shown to increasepatients’ health costs, including the use of broad spectrum antibiotics and prolonged hospital length ofstay. While previous research have suggested that increasing staff knowledge on proper specimen collectionlowers contamination rates significantly, staff’s current knowledge of hospital-recommended samplecollection procedure have yet to be assessed in Dr. Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study on 81 Emergency Department nurses in Dr. HasanSadikin General Hospital, Indonesia. Subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire in order to measuretheir knowledge of blood culture sampling procedure in accordance with the hospital’s standard operatingprocedure.Results: Among 81 subjects enrolled, 51 managed to adequately describe the prerequisites in proper bloodculture sampling procedure and their purpose as dictated by Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital’s standardoperating procedure.Conclusions: Up to 67% of nurses conducting blood sampling procedure in Dr. Hasan Sadikin GeneralHospital’s Emergency Department understood the prerequisites of hospital-recommended blood culturesampling procedure and their purpose.
Health Belief Model Theory Application on Voluntary Counseling and Testing among Homosexual Men in Bandung Greater Area Nareswara, Argya; Murad, Chrysanti; Afriandi, Irvan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (207.3 KB)

Abstract

Background: The number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cases is high and is constantly increasing. Homosexual men as a transmission niche is not only significant in terms of numbers, but also in natural aspects of anal sex, tropism of HIV-1, and high-risk behavior. Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) is important for accelerating diagnosis and management plan; yet the uptake on high-risk population in Indonesia is low. A behavior-reasoning theory, Health Belief Model (HBM), attempts to explain whether or not individuals engage in certain health behavior. This study tries to assess participation rate of VCT, to portray HBM variables perception, and to depict significance of HBM variables towards VCT uptake or VCT intention. Methods: This study was conducted in October-November 2014 using cross-sectional design; 127 respondents were gathered according to Respondent Driven Snowball Sampling. This study used an internet-based questionnaire derived from Champion’s 1984 mammogram HBM questionnaire. Privacy and compensation were obtained. The Chi square test and logistic regression of HBM variables were done. Results: The VCT uptake was low (15.7%). Certain sexual experience and commitment were significant (Commitment to Men p=0.027, Oral Sex experience with men p=0.001, Anal Sex Experience with men p=0.038). Chi Square test revealed significance on Perceived Susceptibility, Perceived Benefit, and Cues to Action. Conclusions: Uptake of VCT is considerably low compared with total high risk population and other similar studies. Personal Susceptibility to HIV/AIDS is recommended to be emphasized; while VCT Benefit and Cues to Action in young homosexual men communities are better encouraged. [AMJ.2016;3(4):595–604]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.945
Predictor of Mortality in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patients with Central Nervous System Opportunistic Infections Lestari, Agustina; Dian, Sofiati; Murad, Chrysanti
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (184.685 KB)

Abstract

Background: Indonesia’s increase of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases is one of the fastest. Mortality cases of AIDS also increase per year. Central nervous system (CNS) opportunistic infection is one of the most likely manifestations on advanced stage of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS patients. Common CNS opportunistic infections are toxoplasma infection and tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The study aimed to analyze the predictor of mortality in AIDS patients with CNS opportunistic infections.Methods: This study reviewed 151 medical records from AIDS patients with CNS opportunistic infection admitted to the Department of Neurology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2007-2012. This study was conducted from April to November 2013. Patients’ clinical manifestations (seizure, headache, altered consciousness), laboratory examination (CD4+ level count) and treatment history (antiretroviral or ART and cotrimoxazole) were collected. Chi-square and logistic regression test were used to determine the mortality predictor in patients.Results: Mortality rate was 37.7%. Clinical manifestations from patients were seizure 29.8%, altered consciousness 66.2%, and headache 88.7%. Patients had cotrimoxazole treatment 44.4% and 38.4% patients had ART. CD4+ level count data from 86 patients were obtained, 94% had CD4+ level count ≤200. Bivariate analysis showed altered consciousness had significant mortality predictor (Odd ratio (OR): 29.944; 95% Confidence interval (CI) 6.9–129.945; p<0,0). Multivariate analysis showed ART had highest predictive mortality value (OR: 2.968; 95% CI 1.236–7.126; p=0.015).Conclusions: Altered consciousness and no antiretroviral treatment are mortality predictors in AIDS patients with CNS opportunistic infections. [AMJ.2016;3(4):577–82] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.942
Co-Authors Ida Parwati Irvan Afriandi kuswandewi Mutiara, kuswandewi Lestari, Agustina Nareswara, Argya shofia safira rahma, shofia safira Sofiati Dian widyani rachim, widyani Wulan Ardhana Iswari, Wulan Ardhana