Muhamad Faishal Ramadhan
Pendidikan Dokter - Fakultas Kedokteran

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Systematic Review: Pengaruh Konsumsi Sayuran Harian terhadap Tekanan Darah Penderita Hipertensi Dewasa Muhamad Faishal Ramadhan; Anggia Skynta; Herri S Sastramihardja; Fajar Awalia Yulianto
Bandung Conference Series: Medical Science Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Bandung Conference Series: Medical Science
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcsms.v2i1.517

Abstract

Abstract. Hypertension is one of the most common cardiovascular problems and is considered a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity. According to the WHO (World Health Organization) in 2019, there were one billion people with hypertension worldwide. In addition to the pharmacological approach, applying a diet high in vegetable content can be used as an alternative in lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of daily vegetable consumption on blood pressure in adult hypertensive patients. The study used the Systematic Review method, by searching the articles from database Medline, Springer Link, Ovid Clinical Edge with the keywords Hypertension AND Adult AND Vegetables NOT ("Dietary Supplements") AND ("Blood Pressure") AND ("randomized controlled trial") NOT ("protocol") in the period 2011-2021. Articles that meet the inclusion criteria are 562 articles. There are 7 articles that meet the PICOS criteria, and 4 articles that meet the criteria eligible based on critical appraisal. The results of the study of 4 articles found that eating vegetables can reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension. The decrease in blood pressure itself is obtained from the effect of nitrate which can trigger the formation of nitric oxide in blood vessels which acts as a vasodilator and potassium which can inhibit the renin-angiotensin system, relaxation of blood vessels, and activation of baroreflex. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that consumption of vegetables with high nitrate content has an effect on blood pressure in adult hypertensive patients. Abstrak. Hipertensi merupakan salah satu masalah kardiovaskular yang paling sering ditemukan dan dianggap sebagai salah satu kontributor morbiditas kardiovaskular. Menurut WHO (World Health Organization) pada tahun 2019 terdapat satu miliar penderita hipertensi di seluruh dunia. Selain pendekatan farmakologis, penerapan pola makan tinggi kadar sayuran dapat dijadikan salah satu alternatif dalam menurunkan tekanan darah penderita hipertensi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi sayuran harian terhadap tekanan darah penderita hipertensi dewasa. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Review, dengan mencari artikel dari database Medline, Spinger Link, Ovid Clinical Edge dengan kata kunci Hypertension AND Adult AND Vegetables NOT ("Dietary Supplements") AND (“Blood Pressure”) AND ("randomized controlled trial") NOT ("protocol") dalam rentang tahun 2011-2021. Artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi berjumlah 562 artikel. Terdapat 7 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria PICOS, dan 4 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria eligible berdasarkan critical appraisal. Hasil pengkajian terhadap 4 artikel didapatkan bahwa mengonsumsi sayuran dapat menurunkan tekanan darah penderita hipertensi. Penurunan tekanan darah sendiri didapatkan dari efek nitrat yang dapat memicu pembentukan nitrit oksida pada pembuluh darah yang berperan sebagai vasodilator dan kalium yang dapat menginhibisi sistem renin-angiotensin, relaksasi pembuluh darah, dan aktivasi baroreflex. Kesimpulan yang dapat ditarik dari penelitian ini bahwa konsumsi sayuran dengan kandungan tinggi nitrat memiliki pengaruh terhadap tekanan darah penderita hipertensi dewasa.