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All Journal JFIOnline Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Avanti, Christina
Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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STUDI PREVALENSI PENGGUNAAN ALAT DAN OBAT KONTRASEPSI DI MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN BANDUNG Avanti, Christina
JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X Vol 7, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Research Gateway

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Abstract

Upaya pemerintah dalam mengendalikan jumlah penduduk adalah dengan program Keluarga Berencana (KB) menggunakan kontrasepsi. Kontrasepsi adalah alat atau obat yang digunakan untuk mencegah konsepsi (kehamilan). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi penggunaan alat dan obat kontrasepsi (Alokon) di masyarakat. Tempat penelitian ini dilakukan di kabupaten Bandung pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan metoda observasi krosseksional dengan kuisioner yang berisi pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku dari 300 responden mengenai penggunaan Alokon. Hasil studi dianalisis secara statistik dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa 87% responden mengetahui program pemerintah dalam hal jumlah anak yang dianjurkan (dua anak lebih baik). Responden memahami Alakon sebagai sarana menjarangkan kehamilan (78%) dan dapat digunakan sebagai kebutuhan (42%). Jenis kontrasepsi yang paling dikenal dan digunakan oleh responden  adalah : Implant (5%),  IUD (19%), Pil KB (20%) dan Injeksi (23%). Selain itu, responden menyakini bahwa tidak efektif untuk menunda kehamilan (82%). Adanya kekhawatiran responden terhadap efek samping Alokon  (56%), antara lain kegemukan (42%65).  Alokon lebih banyak digunakan oleh wanita (75%) dibandingkan laki-laki (4%). Alokon lebih banyak dipilih (43%) dibandingkan dengan alat (19%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa responden telah memiliki pengetahuan yang baik dalam hal Alokon dan penggunaannya. Mengingat Alokon jenis obat (Pil KB) banyak dipilih oleh responden, diperlukan peran apoteker di pelayanan farmasi dalam memberikan informasi yang benar mengenai cara penggunaannya untuk mencapai efektivitasnya sebagai kontrasepsi (pencegah kehamilan).
Karakter Fisik dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Nanopartikel Perak Hasil Green Synthesis Menggunakan Ekstrak Air Daun Sendok (Plantago major L.) Dewi, Komang Tri Aksari; Kartini,; Sukweenadhi, Johan; Avanti, Christina
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Silver nanoparticles have been studied for its application in wound healing therapy, while aqueous extract of Plantago major L has been studied also for its antibacterial and wound healing activity. This study aimed to obtain silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through a green synthesis pathway using aqueous extract of Plantago major L. The initial study was performed to optimize the three concentration points of Plantago major L. aqueous extract, namely 0.125%, 0.25% and 0.5% and three synthetic temperature points (60 °C, 70 °C, and 80 °C). The formation of AgNPs were confirmed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer which shows a peak at a wavelength of 445 nm. The obtained silver nanoparticles were then characterized using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS Nano), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The study showed that the extract concentration of 0.25% with an optimum temperature of 70 °C was the optimal combination to produce the best AgNPs, based on the organoleptic parameters (as the color of silver was produced), the highest yield with weight of 9.13 mg and particle size of 129.20 nm with Polydispersity Index (PDI) of 0.25. The morphology of AgNPs showed the spherical shape and the crystallization of AgNPs showed a diffractogram pattern similar to the silver standard using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Antibacterial activity of AgNPs was tested against three bacterial strains, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and was measured with diffusion method using paper disc. The antibacterial activity testing showed that AgNPS has better antibacterial activity than silver nitrate and is equivalent to its comparative antibiotics, gentamicin sulfate for gram-negative bacteria and Chloramphenicol for gram-positive bacteria.
Karakterisasi dan Stabilitas Fisik Mikroemulsi Tipe A/M dengan Berbagai Fase Minyak Fitriani, Endang Wahyu; Imelda, Erlina; Kornelis, Christina; Avanti, Christina
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This research consists of formulation, characterization and physical stability of the microemulsion of water-in-oil type. On the microemulsion, VCO, palm oil, olive oil and soybean oil were used as oil phase, aqua demineralisata used as the aqueous phase, a combination of Span® 80 and Tween® 80 as a surfactant and propanol as cosurfactant. Each formula was three times replication done and determined the physical characteristics including organoleptic observations, measurements of density, droplet, viscosity, flow properties, and pH. Determination of physical characteristics was done at the beginning of the microemulsion formed and after 5 weeks storage at room temperature. The physical stability test including the centrifugation test at 10,000 rpm for 30 minutes, the freeze-thaw test for 6 cycles, and heating stability with the oven temperature of 60ºC, 70ºC, 80ºC, 90ºC and 100ºC for 5 hours were done. The data obtained were analyzed using t-Test and one-way ANOVA. Based on the characteristic and physical stability tests, it was showed that microemulsion with VCO, palm oil and soybean oil had better physical characteristics and stability compared to the microemulsion with olive oil.
Co-Authors Christina Kornelis, Christina Dewi, Komang Tri Aksari Endang Wahyu Fitriani, Endang Wahyu Erlina Imelda, Erlina KARTINI