Muhammad Budi Nur Rahman, Muhammad Budi
Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Pengaruh Perlakuan Alkali terhadap Kekuatan Bending Komposit Berpenguat Serat Rami dengan Matrik Polyester Suwanda, Totok; Nur Rahman, Muhammad Budi
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 13, No 2 (2010): NOVEMBER 2010
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Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of alkali treatment on the flexural strength and failure mode of jute fiber waste/polyester composite materials. The materials being used in this research werewaste of jute fibers, polyester resin, where as NaOH and aquades were utilised for alcali treatment. Prior to being embedded into polyester resin to produce composite boards employing press printing techniques (press mold), the fiber was alkalitreated for 0, 2, 4 and 6 hours by soaking into a 28% volume NaOH content solution. Flexural test was carried out in accorcance with the ASTM D790 standard, and macrographs of selected fracture surfaces of the specimens were capturedfor analysis in oerder to determine the characteristics of the fracture surfaces. Test results showed that the longer the alcali treatment time in the lower the flexural stress and strain, but the the higher the flexural modulus. The composite without alkali treatment reluted in 70.39 MPa bending stress, 1.85% bending failure strain, and 3.85 GPa bending modulus, whereas the 6 hours of alkali treatment resulted in 51.70 MPa bending stress, 1.27% bending failure strain, and 4.13 GPa bending modulus. Composite with alkali-treatmed fiberdid not exhibite any fiber pull out, and also experienced debonding due to shear forces can’t afford retained by the resin.
Pengaruh Fraksi Volume Serat terhadap Peningkatan Kekuatan Impak Komposit Berpenguat Serat Nanas-Nanasan (Bromeliaceae) Kontinyu Searah dengan Matrik Unsaturated Polyester Nur Rahman, Muhammad Budi; Suwanda, Totok
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 13, No 2 (2010): NOVEMBER 2010
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Abstract

The objective of this research is to determine the effect of fiber volume fraction and alcali (5% NaOH solution) treatment on the impact strength and failure mode of continuous bromeliaceae fiber/BQTN 157 polyester composites. Specimens being tested were produced using press mold technique. Fiber volume fraction was varied from 20% to 40%, while the the soaking time of the alcali treatment was between 2 and 8 hours. Whilst the impact test was carried out in accordance with the ASTM D5941 standard, the micro-structures of the broken specimens were presented as photo macrographs. The result showed that failure energy was sharply increase, 0.22 J (69.23%), upto fiber volume fraction of 34,44%. Further increase of fiber content resulted in decreasing slope of the failure energy increase. The corresponding impact strength was found being 0,0046 J/mm2. The effect of soaking time of the alcali treatment on the failure energy and impact strength showed similar trend. Optimum result was obtained at 6 hours of soaking time, i.e. 0,27 J of failure energy and 0,0055 J/mm2 of impact strength. Eight hours of soaking time resulted in the damage of fiber surface leading to decrease of failure energy and impact srength of the resulted composites. Hinge break showing fiber pull out was observed in the failure surfaces of various fiber contents, with the increase of soaking time resulted in decrease of the amount of pulled-out fibers.
Pengaruh Sudut Water Sprayer Dan Tekanan Air Dalam Sprayer Pump Terhadap Hasil Serbuk Alumunium Pada Proses Atomisasi Air Nur Rahman, Muhammad Budi; Suwanda, Totok
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 9, No 2 (2006): NOVEMBER 2006
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Metalurgi serbuk merupakan metode pembuatan benda-benda logam dengan menggunakan serbuk logam sebagai bahan dasar. Proses dalam teknologi metalurgi serbuk terdiri dari pembentukan serbuk, compacting, sintering dan finishing. Salah satu metode dalam pembuatan serbuk logam adalah dengan metode atomisasi air. Pembuatan serbuk dengan metode atomisasi air terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi antara lain: sudut α (sudut tumbukan antara melting dengan butir air) dan tekanan air saat tumbukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sudut α, dan tekanan air terhadap optimalisasi hasil pembuatan serbuk dengan metode atomisasi air dan bentuk serbuk yang diamati dengan foto mikro. Proses pembuatan serbuk menggunakan metode atomisasi air dengan variabel bebasnya adalah sudut α yang ditentukan 30o, 40o, 50o dan 60o dan variasi tekanan air,  yaitu 25 kg/cm2, 30 kg/cm2, 35 kg/cm2 dan 40 kg/cm2. Bahan yang digunakan dalam proses atomisasi air adalah alumunium. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa sudut α dan tekanan tumbukan air pada melting mempengaruhi hasil produksi serbuk dengan metode atomisasi air. Hasil penelitian dengan variasi sudut α  diperoleh bahwa sudut  α = 30o menghasilkan produk 2,7%, sudut  α = 40o menghasilkan produk 4,05%, sudut α = 50o menghasilkan produk 3,23%, sudut α = 60o menghasilkan produk 1,8%. Penelitian dengan variasi tekanan air pada tekanan 20kg/cm2 tidak diperoleh serbuk, 25 kg/cm2diperoleh 2,9%, tekanan 30 kg/cm2 diperoleh 3,2%, tekanan 35kg/cm2 diperoleh 4,5% dan tekanan 40kg/cm2 diperoleh 2,9%. Hasil serbuk alumunium optimum secara teoritis dihasilkan pada sudut α 42,50 dan tekanan air 33,17 kg/cm2. Bentuk serbuk hasil proses atomisasi air sebagian besar adalah irregular, accicular dan flake.
PERANCANGAN INJECTION MOLDING DENGAN SISTEM THREE PLATE MOLD PADA PRODUK GLOVE BOX Mufid, Ali Khaerul; Budiyantoro, Cahyo; Nur Rahman, Muhammad Budi
JMPM : Jurnal Material Dan Proses Manufaktur Vol 1, No 2 (2017): DESEMBER 2017
Publisher : JMPM : Jurnal Material Dan Proses Manufaktur

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Pembuatan mold merupakan proses awal untuk memproduksi suatu produk. Tujuan perancangan ini adalah membuat cetakan three-plate mold menggunakan CATIA V5R21 yang menghasilkan produk berkualitas dengan melakukan analisis jenis runner, gate dan cooling yang paling optimal kemudian menghitung clamping force, sistem ejector, tebal support plate dan diameter baut stopper yang aman digunakan, dengan menggunakan produk sampel yang telah dimodifikasi yaitu glove box, kemudian merancang sistem three-plate mold pada produk glove box. Hasil analisis  runner jenis trapezoid paling optimal yaitu 2,187 s. Hasil analisis cooling jenis baffle yang digunakan.. Perhitungan clamping force didapatkan nilai sebesar 60,373 ton  sehingga mesin yang aman untuk digunakan adalah 20% dari nilai clamping force. Kekuatan baut stopper yang aman digunakan dengan diameter 8,22 mm, menggunakan screw jenis M 12. Tebal support plate 𝜎tarik 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒 731, 74 N/mm2 < 𝜎tarik material 800 N/mm2. Sehingga dikatakan aman. Ejector Ejection load 11674,10 N < gaya buckling 31925,05 N dan gaya cavity 2010,61 N < gaya buckling 31925,05 Jadi pin ejector  diameter 8mm aman. 
Pengaruh Konsentrasi dan Waktu Aktivasi Katalis Palladium pada Electroless Plating Nickel Permukaan Plastik ABS Rahman, Muhammad Budi Nur; Sunardi, Sunardi; Wibisono, Auliandi Luthfi; Anggara, Bayu
JMPM : Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur Vol 2, No 1 (2018): JUNI 2018
Publisher : JMPM : Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.2122

Abstract

ABS plastic is widely used for automotive components and interior design because of its lightweight, easily shaped, strong, but low hardness, no friction-resistant, and heat resistant. Electro less plating is a method of metallization before electro plating to improve the quality and appearance. To get a good bond between plastic and metal is necessary to the activation of the palladium which is influence by concentration, temperature and activation time. The research aims to determine the influence of the palladium solution concentration and activation time of the electroless nickel plating process on surface roughness, layer thickness, hardness and wear resistance of ABS plastic. The concentration of palladium was prepared at 3%, 5% and 7% in HCl solution (37%). The activation time was carried out during 4 to 12 minutes. The research shows that those parameters increase wear resistance of the surface. In addition the activation time parameter is also found to increase layer thickness and roughness value of the specimens. Yet, those parameters are not found to affect significantly on its hardness value.
PENGARUH WAKTU DAN SUHU PROSES ELEKTROLESSPLATING NIKEL TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIK DAN MEKANIK PLASTIK ABS Sunardi, Sunardi; Rahman, Muhammad Budi Nur; Budiyantoro, Cahyo
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Semesta Teknika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.221237

Abstract

AbstrakPlastik ABS digunakan dalam industri otomotif, rumah tangga dan elektronik karena kekuatannya tinggi, keras, liat, tahan korosi, tahan panas, mudah dibentuk dan bisa dilapisi. Electrolessplating nikel adalah teknik metalizing bahan non logam agar bersifat logam. Penelitian proses electrolessplating nikel pada plastik ABS dilakukan dengan variasi suhu elektrolit yaitu 40oC, 50oC, 60oC, dan 70oC dan waktu proses pelapisan selama 4, 6, 8, 10 dan 12 menit. Karakterisasi yang dilakukan adalah mengetahui struktur mikro dan ketebalan lapisan menggunakan mikroskop optik, dan karakteristik mekanik meliputi, pengujian kekasaran,  kekerasan menggunakan Shore D Hardness dan pengujian keausan. Peningkatan suhu elektrolessplating meningkatkan kekasaran permukaan dari 0,170 µm pada suhu 40oC menjadi 0,422 ?m pada suhu 70oC sedangkan semakin lama proses elektrolessplating dapat menghaluskan permukaan dari 0,70 µm untuk waktu 4 menit menjadi 0,33 µm untuk waktu 12 menit. Peningkatan suhu dan waktu proses elektrolessplating menurunkan nilai keausan spesifik dari 1,9x10-3 mm2/kg pada suhu 40oC menjadi 0,4 x 10-3 mm2/kg untuk suhu 70oC dan 2,62x10-3 mm2/kg pada waktu 4 menit menjadi 0,66x10-3 mm2/kg untuk waktu 12 menit. Suhu dan waktu proses elektrolessplating tidak banyak meningkatkan nilai kekerasan rata-rata sebesar 84,5 SDH. Proses electrolessplating nikel pada suhu 50oC menghasilkan ketebalan lapisan optimum sebesar 5,56 ?m karena ion yang terbentuk semakin banyak  namun pada suhu 60oC dan 70oC ketebalannya berkurang sebesar 4,57 µm dan 3,72 µm. Penambahan waktu proses electrolessplating meningkatkan ketebalan lapisan, dari 1,29 ?m dalam waktu 4 menit menjadi 3,98 ?m dalam waktu 12 menit karena ion yang mengendap pada permukaan semakin banyak. AbstractABS plastic is used in the automotive, household and electronic industries because of its high strength, hardness, clay, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, easy to form and can be coated. Nickel electrolessplating is a technique of metalizing nonmetal materials to be metal. Research on the nickel electrolessplating process in ABS plastic was carried out with variations in the temperature of the electrolyte that is 40oC, 50oC, 60oC, and 70oC and coating time for 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 minutes. Hardness and wear testing. An increase in temperature electro-less plating increase the surface roughness of 0.170 µm at a temperature of 40oC to 0,422 ?m at a temperature of 70oC, while the longer process of electroless plating smooth the surface of from 0.70 µm to 4 minutes to 0.33 µm for 12 minutes. An increase in temperature and the process time electro-less plating lower the value of wear specific than 1,9x10-3 mm2/kg at a temperature of 40oC to 0,4x10-3 mm2/kg for a temperature of 70oC and 2,62x10-3 mm2/kg at the time of 4 minutes to 0,66x10-3 mm2/kg for 12 minutes. The temperature and time of process electroless-plating not much increase the value of an average hardness of 84,5 SDH. The nickel electrolessplating process at a temperature of 50oC produces an optimum layer thickness of 5.56 ?m because more and more ions are formed but at a temperature of 60oC and 70oC the thickness decreases by 4.57 ?m and 3.72 ?m. The addition of electroless-plating process time increases the thickness of the layer, from 1.29 ?m in 4 minutes to 3.98 ?m in 12 minutes because more ions settle on the surface. 
DEGUMMING, PERLAKUAN ALKALI, DAN KARAKTERISASI SERAT PANDAN BERDURI (PANDANUS TECTORIUS) Sudarisman, Sudarisman; Atmaja, Nanda Satria; Nur Rahman, Muhammad Budi; Purbono, Kunto
JMPM : Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur Vol 3, No 1 (2019): JUNI 2019
Publisher : JMPM : Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.3136

Abstract

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh parameter degumming terhadap sifat tarik serat pandan berduri (Pandanus Tectorius). Daun pandan berduri lokal direndam dalam waterbath pada suhu 95?C selama 1, 2, 3, atau 4 jam, kemudian dipres untuk diambil seratnya. Serat kemudian direndam dalam larutan NaOH dengan kadar 2,5 wt% atau 5 wt% selama 2 jam. Selanjutnya, proses dilanjutkan dengan menetralisasi dengan direndam dalam air bersih selama 8×6jam dan dikeringkan pada suhu kamar. Uji tarik dilakukan untuk mengetahui kuat tarik, regangan dan modulus elastisitas serat. Pemisahan serat dari daun pandan berduri berhasil dilakukan. Hasil uji tarik menunjukkan bahwa serat yang dialkalisasi dengan NaOH 5 wt% diperoleh kuat tarik yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan yang konsentrasi NaOH-nya 2,5 wt%. Pada kadar NaOH 2,5 wt%, naiknya lama waktu perendaman sampai dengan 3 jam juga akan menaikkan kuat tarik serat. Kuat tarik, regangan patah dan modulus elastisitas tertinggi diperoleh dengan perlakuan alkali dengan kadar NaOH 2,5 wt%. Kuat tarik, regangan patah dan modulus elastisitas tertinggi, berturut-turut 203,02 MPa, 3,733% dan 11,938 GPa, diperoleh dari lama waktu perendaman 3 jam. AbstractThe objective of this research is to determine the effect of degumming parameters on tensile properties of the resulted local (Pandanus Tectorius) fiber. Prickly pandanus leaves were soaked in a waterbath containing plain water at 95?C for either 1, 2, 3, or 4 hours, then pressed to yield their fibers. The fibers were then soaked in a solution containing either 2,5 wt% or 5 wt% of NaOH for 2 hours. Next, the fibers were neutralized by soaking them in plain water for 8×6 hours, and slowly dried at room temperature. Tensile test was carried out to obtain the tensile strength, strain-to-failure and modulus of the fibers. Fiber separation from Pandanus Tectorius leaves has successfully been carried out. It was found out that pretreatment using 2,5 wt% NaOH content solution produced higher tensile strength, strain-to-failure and elastic modulus in comparison with those using 5 wt% NaOH content  solution. Tensile properties increases with the increase of soaking time up to 3 hours. The highest tensile strength, strain-to-failure and modulus, 203.02 MPa, 3.733 % and 11.938 GPa, respectively, were obtained at 3 hours of soaking time.
SIFAT TARIK, BENDING DAN IMPAK KOMPOSIT SERAT SABUT KELAPA-POLYESTER DENGAN VARIASI FRAKSI VOLUME Gundara, Gugun; Rahman, Muhammad Budi Nur
JMPM : Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur Vol 3, No 1 (2019): JUNI 2019
Publisher : JMPM : Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.3132

Abstract

AbstrakPotensi serat sabut kelapa perlu diteliti untuk dibuat komposit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh fraksi volume serat sabut kelapa terhadap sifat tarik, sifat bending dan ketangguhan impak komposit dengan matrik polyester, katalis MEKPO, dan NaOH. Serat sabut kelapa yang digunakan ber diameter 0.2 mm. Komposit dibuat dengan metode cetak tekan pada fraksi volume 20-35%. Pengujian sesuai standar ASTM D638 (uji tarik), ASTM D790 (uji bending) dan ASTM D5941 (uji impak) dengan metode impak izot. Pengamatan foto makro untuk menganalisis kegagalan. Kekuatan tarik dan regangan tarik semakin meningkat dengan peningkatan fraksi volume. Modulus elastisitas tertinggi pada Vf 31,4% sebesar 0,206 GPa dan menjadi 0,11 GPa pada Vf 34,88% dengan kekuatan tarik 17,48 MPa, regangan 16.64%. Kekuatan bending meningkat dengan penambahan fraksi volume. Peningkatan kekuatan bending tertinggi (tanpa perlakuan alkali) pada fraksi volume 33,7% sebesar 34.17 MPa dan modulus bending sebesar 2.10 GPa. Peningkatan fraksi volume serat sabut kelapa dapat meningkatkan ketangguhan impak, dengan nilai tertinggi sebesar 26,42 kJ/m2 pada fraksi volume 35,84%. Penampang patah pada pengujian tarik didominasi patahan tunggal sedangkan pada pengujian bending dan impak terjadi patahan banyak serta terjadi fiber pull-out. AbstractThe potential of large coir fibers needs to be investigated to make composites. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the volume fraction of coconut coir fiber on tensile properties, bending properties and toughness of composite impacts with a polyester matrix, MEKPO catalyst, and NaOH. Coconut coir fiber used has diameter of 0.2 mm. Composites are made by compressive with fiber volume fraction 20-35%. Tests were according to ASTM D638 standard (tensile test), ASTM D790 (bending test) and ASTM D5941 (impact test) with the izot impact method. Observation macro photo is used to analyze failure. Tensile strength and tensile strain increase with increasing volume fraction. The highest modulus of elasticity at Vf 31.4% was 0.206 GPa and it became 0.11 GPa at Vf 34.88% with a tensile strength of 17.48 MPa, strain of 16.64%. Bending strength increases with the addition of a volume fraction. The highest increase in bending strength (without alkali treatment) at 33.7% volume fraction was 34.17 MPa and bending modulus was 2.10 GPa. Increasing the volume fraction of coconut coir fiber can increase impact toughness with the highest was 26.42 kJ / m2 in the volume fraction of 35.84%. The fracture crossing in tensile testing is dominated by a single fracture while in bending and impact testing there is a lot of fracture and fiber pull-out occurs.  
Penggunaan Pencekam Tiga Aksis untuk Alat Bantu Pengelasan Rangka Furnitur Himarosa, Rela Adi; Darmawan, Muhammad Arif; Nur Rahman, Muhammad Budi
JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Vol 4, No 1 (2020): JUNI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.v4i1.9328

Abstract

Distorsi logam terjadi akibat kontraksi logam yang terpapar suhu tinggi sehingga menimbulkan tarikan atau dorongan pada benda kerja. Alat bantu berupa pencekam banyak digunakan pada proses pengelasan untuk mencegah distorsi pada logam. Pencekam tiga aksis mampu melakukan proses pencekaman ketiga aksis sekaligus. Proses penggunaan pencekam jenis ini sangat bermanfaat untuk proses pengelasan rangka furnitur. Pencekam ini digunakan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi produksi rangka kursi. Penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pemanfaatan pencekam tiga sumbu untuk menahan fenomena distorsi akibat kenaikan suhu proses pengelasan, dan peningkatan produktifitas waktu proses penyambungan dengan variasi arus pengelasan 50 Ampere dan 60 Ampere. Kinerja pencekam mampu mempercepat waktu proses 19% dan menekan biaya pembuatan produk rangka sebesar 43,74%. Metal distortion occurs due to contractions of metal exposed to high temperatures that cause pulling or pushing on the work piece. Three-axis fixtures are widely used in welding process to minimize metal distortion. Three-axis fixture is capable of holding the three axis simultaneously, so it is very useful for the welding furniture frames, and can improve the efficiency of chair frame production. This study is to examine the use of three-axis fixture to withstand the phenomenon of distortion due to the increase in temperature of welding process at welding current of 50 Amperes and 60 Amperes, and decrease production time of the joining process. The fixture performance was able to speed up processing time by 19% and reduced the cost of frame production by 43.74%. 
Pengaruh Fraksi Volume Serat terhadap Peningkatan Kekuatan Impak Komposit Berpenguat Serat Nanas-Nanasan (Bromeliaceae) Kontinyu Searah dengan Matrik Unsaturated Polyester Nur Rahman, Muhammad Budi; Suwanda, Totok
Semesta Teknika Vol 13, No 2 (2010): NOVEMBER 2010
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jst.v13i2.714

Abstract

The objective of this research is to determine the effect of fiber volume fraction and alcali (5% NaOH solution) treatment on the impact strength and failure mode of continuous bromeliaceae fiber/BQTN 157 polyester composites. Specimens being tested were produced using press mold technique. Fiber volume fraction was varied from 20% to 40%, while the the soaking time of the alcali treatment was between 2 and 8 hours. Whilst the impact test was carried out in accordance with the ASTM D5941 standard, the micro-structures of the broken specimens were presented as photo macrographs. The result showed that failure energy was sharply increase, 0.22 J (69.23%), upto fiber volume fraction of 34,44%. Further increase of fiber content resulted in decreasing slope of the failure energy increase. The corresponding impact strength was found being 0,0046 J/mm2. The effect of soaking time of the alcali treatment on the failure energy and impact strength showed similar trend. Optimum result was obtained at 6 hours of soaking time, i.e. 0,27 J of failure energy and 0,0055 J/mm2 of impact strength. Eight hours of soaking time resulted in the damage of fiber surface leading to decrease of failure energy and impact srength of the resulted composites. Hinge break showing fiber pull out was observed in the failure surfaces of various fiber contents, with the increase of soaking time resulted in decrease of the amount of pulled-out fibers.