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All Journal LEGITIMASI: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Politik Hukum Journal on Education
Faisar Ananda Arfa
Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Non-Muslim Sebagai Subjek Hukum Islam dalam Konsep Mukallaf Zainuddin Puteh; Faisar Ananda Arfa
Legitimasi: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Politik Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Department, Faculty of Sharia and Law, UIN Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/legitimasi.v11i1.13763

Abstract

Abstract: The appointment of the Prophet Muhammad Shalla Allahu 'Alaihi Wa Sallam as an Apostle who brought revelations with legal dimensions, addressed to all humans, including unbelievers. The position of the infidels as mukallaf can be seen from the perspective of the da'wah community, not the ijabah community who accept and justify the teachings of the Apostle as believers. However, even though they are mukallaf, unbelievers are also seen as not fulfilling as legal subjects in the law of worship, because of their disbelief. Unbelief is seen as a barrier to the validity of worship. This study uses the doctrinal method. The data is obtained through the treasures of Islamic law. The results of the study found that non-Muslims are also legal subjects in muamalah matters. Islamic law can be fully enforced against infidels, because disbelief is not a barrier (mani') the fulfillment of elements as legal subjects for infidels, so that rights that are mu'amalah should not be ignored, especially in the area of application of Islamic law.Abstrak: Pengangkatan Nabi Muhammad Shalla Allahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam sebagai Rasul yang membawa wahyu berdimensi hukum, ditujukan kepada seluruh manusia, termasuk orang kafir. Kedudukan orang kafir sebagai mukallaf bisa dilihat dari segi ummat dakwah, bukan ummat ijabah yang menerima dan membenarkan ajaran Rasul sebagaimana orang mukmin. Namun, meskipun sebagai mukallaf, orang kafir juga dipandang tidak memenuhi sebagai subyek hukum dalam hukum ibadah, karena kekafirannya. Kekafiran dipandang sebagai penghalang dalam keabsahan ibadah. Kajian ini menggunakan metode doktrinal. Data diperoleh melalui khazanah hukum Islam. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa non muslim juga sebagai subjek hukum dalam persoalan mua’amalah. Hukum Islam dapatdiberlakukan penuh terhadap orang kafir, karena kekafiran bukan sebagai penghalang (mani’) terpenuhinya unsur sebagai subyek hukum bagi orang kafir, sehingga hak-hak yang bersifat mu'amalah tidak boleh diabaikan khsusnya di wilayah pemberlakuan hukum Islam.
Praktik Wali Muhakkam di Desa Lhok Medang Ara Kecamatan Manyak Payed Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang Menurut Fiqh Munakahat Rahmad Fauzi; Faisar Ananda Arfa
Journal on Education Vol 5 No 4 (2023): Journal on Education: Volume 5 Nomor 4 Mei-Agustus 2023
Publisher : Departement of Mathematics Education

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Abstract

Article 23 paragraphs (1) and (2) of the KHI state that the new judge's guardian can act as marriage guardian if the nasab guardian is not available or is unable to present him or his place of residence is unknown or is unseen, adhal or reluctant. This marriage with the muhakkam guardian occurred because the prospective husband and wife were not married to the nasab guardian, they were reluctant to deal with the judge's guardian because they wanted to take the easy route in getting married. The research method in this research is empirical legal research, because the information and data needed are extracted and collected from the field which is descriptive in nature. This research includes field research, while the research location is in Manyak Payed District, Aceh Tamiang Regency. In addition to observations, this research also uses the interview method with Community Leaders and Marriage Practitioners using Based on the analysis presented by the author, several conclusions can be drawn as follows: 1. The practice of marriage with muhakkam guardians is carried out by married couples whose guardians are adhol (reluctant) , supposedly if the guardian is adhol (reluctant) or does not have a nasab guardian then the one who has the right to marry them is the judge's guardian. This marriage is invalid. Likewise, according to positive law, a marriage is not valid if it is not recorded and registered at the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA). This will create ambiguity regarding their marital status because they do not have a marriage certificate. 2. Fiqh Munakahat's review of the case above violates the rules of Islamic law. Marriage using a muhakkam guardian in modern times is not valid because almost every sub-district always has a Religious Affairs Office (KUA) which has been authorized to marry someone who does not have a guardian . The action taken by a husband and wife by appointing a muhakkam guardian in their marriage is an action outside the provisions of Islamic law.
Co-Authors Rahmad Fauzi Zainuddin Puteh