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All Journal Animal Production : Indonesian Journal of Animal Production
DA Iyai, DA
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Veterinary

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Forage Food of Timor Deer (Cervus timorensis) in Manokwari, West Papua Arobaya, AYS; Iyai, DA; Sraun, T; Pattiselanno, F
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Traditionally, back yard deer husbandry is well developed in some parts in Papua, though information on deer husbandry has not been provided yet.  Therefore, this study was aimed at highlighting the diet provided to the deer in back yard husbandry model in Manokwari. Survey method was approached by visiting eight deer back yard farmer respondents. Direct observation to the feeding site and semi-structured interview were carried out to learn about the deer management system, and identify the forage diet species consumed and served to the animals.  The results indicated five most common forage species consumed in the study; they were field grass, Imperata (Imperata cylindrica), elephant grass (Penisetum purpureum), king grass (Penisetum purpureopoidhes) and Melinis minutiflora depending on the location of farmed deer.   Drinking water was offered and feed supplement such as various leafs, food and vegetable left over and banana peel was provided by 62.5% of the respondents.  Food supplement was given two times per day (morning, evening) and (afternoon, evening). Forage food species consumed in the study sites were relatively more similar to the food in the natural habitat. (Animal Production 12(2): 91-95 (2010)Key Words: forage, food, Timor deer, Manokwari
Quantifying Feeding Regimes on Weaned Sows Under Tropical Papua Pig Keeping Systems Iyai, DA; Saragih, D; Kayadoe, M
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 15, No 2 (2013): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Body weight measurement of weaned sow using several feeding regimes was done under traditional pig keeping systems in West Papua, Indonesia. Feeding quantification using local and non-conventional feeds applied by pig farmers were rationed. Feeds used were 1, 2 and 3 kg in fresh basis. Energy contents of each ration were 34.73, 32.63 and 36.39 MJ kg DM, respectively and protein rations were of 0.62, 0.34 and 0.99 kg CP DM. Initial sow’s body weight was in the average of 87 kg. The second feeding regimes with 2 kg day-1 on offer, obtained ransom with quality of balance, energy rich and protein rich, i.e. 22.69, 21.99 and 24.92 MJ kg DM, respectively and protein in ransom of 0.35, 0.26 and 0.72 kg CP DM. Feeding regimes with 1 kg day-1 on offer, we obtain ration with quality of balance, energy rich and protein rich, i.e. 12.04, 11.34 and 12.46 MJ kg DM, respectively and protein in ransom with 0.27, 0.18 and 0.36 kg CP DM. Initial weaned body weight was 87 kg.  A simulation using one factorial of feeding regimes was established, which was drawn and simulated using Simile version 4.7 and no environmental factors were incorporated in this model simulation. The results of this study showed the increasing body weight of sows was detected by using 3 kg of feed daily in 14 days after weaning. While 2 kg feed day-1 only met the maintenance requirement. Therefore,  there were no meat or fat deposition. Feed of 1 kg per day could induce negative impact in starvation and  body weight lost. Insufficient feed intake can induce negative impact on physiological mechanism of the sows. This is at risk while weaned sow would enter mating season and gestation period. Feeding regimes with more that 3 kg and energy ration of 34.73 MJ kg DM and digestibility of 0.82 resulted in a positive effect on sow body weight gain. Animal Production 15(2):106-118, May 2013
Clustering and Principal Component Analyses of Constraints in Smallholding Pig Keeping Systems in Manokwari, Indonesia Iyai, DA; Woran, D; Sumpe, I
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The research was aimed at identifying clusters and constraints on small holding pig keeping systems in Manokwari, Papua.  A total of 50 pig farmers were selected purposively from 15 villages in urban and rural areas of Manokwari. Questions were focused on the constraints of small holding pig keeping systems development in Manokwari. To classify constraints, a total of seven constraints have been noted.  Agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) and principle component analysis (PCA) were used for clustering analysis and grouping based on components of constrains. Feeding and breeding had Eigen values of 9487 and 2010, respectively. Furthermore, Feeding and breeding had higher variability compared with other components that were 63.250 and 13.397%, respectively (Cumulative axis 1 and 2 were 76.65%). Feeding and breeding had a positive coefficient correlation (Pearson n) rF1 that could be found in some farmers in urban and rural of Manokwari. (Animal Production 12(3): 199-206 (2010) Key Words: pig, small holding systems, clustering, component analysis, development constraints, Papua
Co-Authors Agustina Y.S. Arobaya D Saragih, D Djonly Woran Freddy Pattiselanno Iriani Sumpe M Kayadoe, M T Sraun