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All Journal Animal Production : Indonesian Journal of Animal Production
FM Suhartati, FM
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Veterinary

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Utilization of Cow Milk Enriched with Conjugated Linoleic Acid to Decrease Body Weight, Cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein and to Increase Blood High Density Lipoprotein Suhartati, FM; Suryapratama, W; Rahayu, S
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 14, No 2 (2012): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

An experiment to investigate the ability of cow milk enriched with conjugated linoleic acid to decrease body weight, total cholesterol, blood Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), and to increase blood High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) has been conducted using in vivo experimental method. Research material consisted of 40 8-week-old white female rats (Rattus norvegicus) of Wistar strain (as an animal model). The method used was an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design. The treatments tested were P1 = high-fat ration containing 27.66% fat (HF), P2 = HF + 5 ml of milk/head/day, P3 = HF + 10 ml of milk/head/day, P4 = low-fat ration containing 5% fat (LF). Each treatment was repeated five times to make 20 experiment units, each consisted of two rats. Body weight gain, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were observed. The data obtained were then analyzed using analysis of variance followed by orthogonal contrast test. Orthogonal polynomials tests was applied to evaluate the response variables. The results showed that 10 ml/head/day of cow milk was needed to decrease body weight of hypercholesterolemic rats and 5 ml/head/day of cow milk was needed to decrease total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and to increase blood HDL-cholesterol of hypercholesterolemic rats.Keywords: cow milk, conjugated linoleic acid, body weight gain, cholesterol. Animal Production 14(2):70-76
The Improvement of Rumen Fermentation Products Through In-Vitro Supplementation of Mg and Co Minerals Suhartati, FM; Suryapratama, Wardhana
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 18, No 2 (2016): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (772.012 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.anprod.2016.18.2.552

Abstract

A study has been conducted to examine the effect of Mg and Co supplementation on rumen fermentation products. The study was conducted in an in vitro experiment, applying completely randomized design, 3x3 factorial. The first factor was three levels of Mg (0; 7.5 and 15.0 mM), and three levels of Co (0; 0.03 and 0.06 mM) as the second factor, total 9 treatments each repeated three times, comprising 27 experimental units all together. In vitro incubation lasted for 4 hours. Variables measured were the concentrations of VFA, N-NH3 and protein synthesis of microbial rumen. Data were subject to analysis of variance and orthogonal polynomials test. The results showed an interaction effect between Mg and Co on the concentration of VFA, N-NH3 and protein synthesis of microbial rumen. The increasing supplementation of Mg at 0.06 mM Co increased VFA concentration; the highest concentration of N-NH3 was achieved by rumen fluid supplemented with 15.0 mM of Mg and 0.03 mM of Co. The highest protein synthesis of microbial rumen was achieved by the rumen fluid supplemented with 8.18 mM of Mg with no supplementation of Co.
The Physical Analyze of Local Grass Suhartati, FM; Suryapratama, W; Rahayu, S
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 6, No 1 (2004): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

A research has been conducted to analyze physical characteristics of local grass. The aimed of this research was to observe grass physical characteristics, which are bulkiness, water regain capacity and water solubility. Also to observe correlation of water regain capacity to dry matter and organic matter digestibility as well as its degradation rate during 0, 12, 18 and 24 h incubation, in sacco, using 2 fistulae cows.  Five local grass were tested in this research, which are field grass, elephant grass, brachiaria grass, king grass and setaria. Fistulae cows consumed forages and concentrates with ratio of 70:30, minimum protein level of 12% and minimum TDN of 60%. Physical characteristics data that obtained then analyzed using analysis of variance. Furthermore, honestly significant different was also performed. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility data that obtained were analyzed with regression of physical characteristics.  Result showed that brachiaria grass has poor water regain capacity and water solubility.  There are positive linear correlation between water regains capacity with dry matter and organic matter digestibility. (Animal Production 6(1): 37-42 (2004) Key Words: Bulkiness, Water Regain Capacity, Water Solubility, Dry Matter and Organic Matter Digestibility
Isolation and Identification of the Chitinolytic Bacteria from Rumen Ecosystem Rahayu, Sri; Suhartati, FM; Rimbawanto, EA; Iriyanti, Ning
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 5, No 2 (2003): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Rumen is an interesting ecosystem for microbial exploration and their products. Isolation of the chitinolytic bacteria from the rumen ecosystem found 109 colonies that produced clear zone, 84 colonies (86%) anaerobic and 17 colonies (14%) aerobic. Clear zone appeared in the third and fourth days incubation. Four potential isolates were chosen for identification purposes. Results showed that the bacteria were sticky, gram-positive, motile, endospore-forming, mesophilic and aerobic. It was supposed to Bacillus spp. the optimal pH and temperature to produce chitinase from isolate 18 are pH 6.0 and temperature of 35-40ºC. Divalent cations Mg, Ca, Zn, and Mn increase chitinase activity, while Cu and Co inhibit enzyme activity. When isolate 18 was grown on shrimp waste meal, it showed aptimal activity on the fifth days incubation. (Animal Production 5(2): 73-78 (2003) Key Words : Isolation, Identification, Chitinolytic Bacteria, Rumen
Effect of Supplementation of Branched Chain Fatty Acid on Colony of Ruminal Bacteria and Cell of Protozoa Suryapratama, W; Suhartati, FM
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 11, No 2 (2009): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

A study was conducted to evaluate the potential of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (isobutyric, α-methylbutyric and β-methylbutiric) that supplemented into the diet on the colony of ruminal bacteria and the cell of protozoa population. Five progeny Friesian Holstein males with initial weight 348±29 kg were used in a 5x5 Latin square design (30-d periods). The basal diet composed of 55% forage and 45% concentrate containing 10.5 MJ ME/kg and 15% crude protein (CP).  There were five dietary treatments where A: basal diet, B: A+139 mg urea/kg W0.75, C: B+28 mg CaSO4/kg W0.75, D: C+0.05 mM isobutyric acid+0.05 mM β-methylbutyric acid, and E: D+0.05 mM α-methylbutyric acid.  Rearing period was 30 days, consists of feed adaptation period 20 days, then growth observation was done within the last 10 days. Collection of ruminal fluid was done within the last day of observation period, and took 3-4 h after the feeding.  The results showed that supplementation branched chain volatile fatty acids did not significant affect on the number of colonies of bacteria and protozoa population, but the significant effect (P<0.05) on the concentration of branched chain volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid. The supplementation of α-methylbutyric (P <0.05) decreased of concentration of isobutyric and isovaleric in rumen fluid than the other treatments. It is concluded that supplementation of branched chain volatile fatty acids not used by rumen bacteria for their growth but for the elongation of fatty acid synthesis. The supplementation of branched chain volatile fatty acids was 0.05 mM not enough strong influence on the growth of colony of rumen bacteria. (Animal Production 11(2): 129-134 (2009) Key Words: rumen fermentation, branched-chain fatty acid, ruminal bacteria, protozoa
Quality Evaluation of Complete Feed with Ramie Waste Added With Different Protein Source in Nutrient Composition and Ensilage Parameter Susanti, Emmy; Agus, Ali; Suraningdyah, Yuni; Suhartati, FM
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 17, No 1 (2015): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (171.071 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.anprod.2015.17.1.480

Abstract

Abstract.  The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of ensilage technology (with and without ensilage) and protein sources (plant and animal) in complete feed with ramie-waste on nutrient composition and ensilage parameter. Ensilage process decreased significantly dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), but it increased  ensilage parameter i.e. acetate acid (C2), propionic acid (C3), butyric acid (C4), lactic acid (LA), and decreased pH. It also had non-significant effect on crude fibre (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and ammonia (NH3-N). Animal protein source in silage making decreased nutrient composition i.e. OM and CP and ensilage parameter i.e. C2, but it increased NH3-N.  Interaction between ensilage treatment and protein sources affected CP and pH also ensilage parameter of C2 and C3. In conclusion, plant protein used in silage of complete feed with ramie waste was better than animal protein, despite that both ensilage were not better due to pH over 4.5. Key words: ramie, ensilage technology, protein source, nutrient composition, ensilage parameter Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh teknologi ensilage (dengan dan tanpa ensilage) dan sumber protein (nabati dan hewani) pada complete feed menggunakan limbah rami terhadap komposisi nutrien dan parameter ensilage. Perlakuan teknologi ensilage menurunkan komposisi nutrien pada bahan kering (BK), bahan organik (BO) dan neutral detergent fiber (NDF, meningkatkan kuantitas parameter ensilage pada asam asetat (C2), asam propionat (C3), asam butirat (C4) dan asam laktat (LA) dan menurunkan pH serta tidak nyata pada protein kasar (PK), acid detergent fiber (ADF) dan ammonia (NH3-N).  Perlakuan sumber protein menurunkan nutrien BO dan PK dan C2 serta meningkatkan konsentrasi NH3-N secara sangat nyata pada complete feed dengan protein hewani. Interaksi kedua perlakuan berpengaruh pada PK dan pH serta C2 dan C3. Kesimpulannya adalah penggunaan protein nabati pada silage complete feed menggunakan limbah rami lebih baik dari pada yang menggunakan protein hewani meskipun kedua jenis silage tidak lebih baik karena pH lebih dari 4,5. Kata kunci: rami, teknologi ensilage, sumber protein, komposisi nutrien, parameter ensilage
Protein Lamtoro leaves (Leucaena leucocephala) with Tannin, Saponin and Oil Protection and the Effect on ruminal undegradable dietary protein (RUDP), and Synthesis of rumen microbial protein Suhartati, FM
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 7, No 1 (2005): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

A research was conducted to find out the effect of lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) leaves with tannin, saponin and oil protection to ruminal undegradable dietary protein (RUDP), and rumen microbial protein. Materials employed in this research were lamtoro leaves (Leucaena leucocephala) which are heated and then processed into mash form: tea leaves (contain 20% of tannin), klerak fruits (contain 48% of saponin) and soybean oil (oil source) as protection agent; and rumen fluid collected from fistulated Peranakan Ongole cows. Experimental in vitro using gas production method (Manke et al., 1979) was employed to assess level of microbial protein. Randomized Block Design was designed to conduct this research, with source of inoculums (rumen fluid) as block. Rumen fluid were collected from fistulated cows in five periods, each block contains of five experimental units. Treatments in this research were protection of lamtoro leaves using different agent, i.e. tannin from tea leaves, saponin from klerak fruits, oil from soybean as much as 2% of dry matter, and unprotected lamtoro leaves as control. Thus, four treatments in this research were as follows: K = control (unprotected lamtoro leaves); T  = lamtoro leaves + tannin; S = lamtoro leaves + saponin; and M = lamtoro leaves + oil, so that there were 20 observations. Incubation conducted for 24 hours. Standarized in sacco method by Vanzan et al. (1998) which has been standarized  and modified by Widyobroto et al. (1998) was performed to measure ruminal undegradable dietary protein (RUDP). Each treatment has five replications. 24 hours incubations were conducted in fistulated cows. Completely randomized design was chosen as research design. Variables assessed in this research were synthesis of microbial protein (purin analysis method by Zinn and Owens, 1986) and ruminal undegradable dietary protein (in sacco method). Data analyzed using analysis of varience and honestly significant different (HSD) as further analysis. Research showed that tannin was the best protector agent to obtain highest RUDP and the highest synthesis of microbial protein achieved by lamtoro leaves that protected by saponin. It is suggested that in order to get high RUDP lamtoro leaves should be protected using tannin. (Animal Production 7(1): 52-58 (2005) Key Words : Leucaena leucocephala, tannin, saponin, oil, rumen undegradable dietary protein and synthesis of rumen microbial protein
The Effects of Branched Chain Volatile Fatty Acids on Reduced Sugar and Branched Chain Amino Acid Concentration of Substrates that Fermented by Aspergillus oryzae Suhartati, FM; Suryapratama, Wardhana
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 4, No 2 (2002): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

A study was conducted to know the reduced sugar and branched chain amino acids concentration in substrate that fermented by Aspergillus oryzae. Branched chain amino acids represent amino acids that are very important for microorganism development, including yeast and ruminal microorganism as well as for the growth of the ruminant animal. The study was conducted using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). There were five kinds of supplements that were added into the media. So, that this experiment were A: control, B: A + 0.5% urea, C: B + 1% extract of cassava leaves, D: C + 1% isobutyrate, and E: D + 1.3% 2-methilbutyrate. There were five replicates in each treatment. The measured variables in these study were, colonies cell biomass of A. oryzae, reduced sugar, Crude Protein, and branched chain amino acid concentration. The results showed that the highest number of colonies, concentration of reduce sugar, and concentration of branched chain amino acids was obtain from the substrate of treatments D. (Animal Production 4(2): 83-88 (2002) Key words : Branched Chain Amino Acids, Branched Chain Volatile Fatty Acids, Aspergillus oryzae
Increasing Rumen Microbial Protein Synthesis with Additional Dietary Substrate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Soybean Oil Suryapratama, W; Suhartati, FM
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 14, No 3 (2012): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Absract. A study with the purpose to increase microbial protein synthesis was carried out using in vitro experiment with 2x2 factorial. Completely Randomized Design were used in this study. The first factor was with or without substrate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.   The second factor was the addition of 2 levels of soybean oil, 0% and 3%.  There were 4 treatments, each treatment was replicated 5 times so that there were 20 experimental units. The materials of this research were Napier grass, concentrates and substrate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, consisted of a mixture of 30% rice bran, 20% tapioca by-product, 20% coconut meal, 20% corn, 9% pollard, 1% mineral, and soybean oil.  The rumen fluid as a source of rumen inoculum was taken immediately after a cattle was slaughtered in the slaughterhouse.  The variables measured were N-NH3 concentration and the product of rumen microbial protein synthesis.  Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by a test of Honestly Significant Differences (HSD).  The conclusion was that the use of substrate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae increased rumen microbial protein synthesis as much as 9.42% and the use of 3% of soybean oil increased rumen microbial protein synthesis as much as 18.64%. Keywords: rumen microbe, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, soybean oil Abstrak. Sebuah studi dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan sintesis protein mikroba dilakukan dengan menggunakan percobaan in vitro dengan pola faktorial 2x2. Rancangan Acak Lengkap digunakan dalam penelitian. Faktor pertama adalah dengan atau tanpa substrat Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Faktor kedua adalah penambahan 2 level minyak kedelai, 0 % dan 3 %. Penelitian melibatkan 4 perlakuan dan setiap perlakuan diulang 5 kali sehingga ada 20 unit percobaan. Materi penelitian ini adalah rumput gajah, konsentrat dan substrat Saccharomyces cerevisiae, terdiri dari campuran 30 % dedak padi, 20 % produk samping tapioka, 20 % bungkil kelapa, 20% jagung, 9% pollard, 1% mineral, dan minyak kedelai. Cairan rumen sebagai sumber inokulum rumen diambil sesaat setelah ternak disembelih di rumah potong. Variabel yang diukur adalah konsentrasi N-NH3 dan produk dari sintesis protein mikroba. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis variansi, dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (HSD). Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa penggunaan substrat Saccharomyces cerevisiae meningkatkan sintesis protein mikroba sebesar 9,42% dan penggunaan 3% minyak kedelai meningkatkan sintesis protein mikroba rumen sebesar 18,64%. Kata kunci : mikroba rumen, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, minyak kedelai W Suryapratama and FM Suhartati/Animal Production 14(3):155-159, September 2012
Indigofera zollingeriana Leaf Extract Reduces Sheep Rumen Methane Production in Vitro Suhartati, FM
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol. 22 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in associate with Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia (ISPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jap.2020.22.1.39

Abstract

An experimental study aimed at assessing the reduction of gas methane production in thin-tailed sheep through the use of Indigofera zollingeriana leaf extract was conducted from May to September 2019 at Animal Nutrition and Feed Laboratory, University of Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto. A One Way Classification of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experiment was employed. The treatment included Indigofera zollingeriana leaf extract with levels of 0%, 0.40%, and 0.80% of feed dry matter and each treatment was repeated six times so that there were 18 experimental units. The feed provided consisted of 60% concentrate and 40% ammoniated rice straw. The concentrate consisted of coconut cake and rice bran with a ratio composition of 1:2. The material used was rumen fluid obtained from three thin-tailed sheep, sampled from the Sokaraja slaughterhouse immediately after the sheep were slaughtered. In vitro incubation was carried out for four hours. The variables measured included protozoan population, methane gas production and bacterial populations. The data obtained were then analyzed using analysis of variance and continued with the Orthogonal Polynomial test. The use of 0.80% Indigofera zollingeriana leaf extract can reduce the protozoan populations, methane gas production and can increase the bacterial populations of sheep rumen fluid.
Co-Authors Ali Agus EA Rimbawanto, EA Emmy Susanti Ning Iriyanti Rahmat, Aziz Nur S Rahayu SRI RAHAYU W Suryapratama, W Wardhana Suryapratama Yuni Suraningdyah, Yuni