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KARAKTERISASI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA BEBERAPA ASAM LEMAK ASKORBIL [Characterization of Antimicrobial Activity in Several Ascorbyl Fatty Acid] Naiola, Elidar
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1249

The study is directed t investigate the antimicrobial activity f six ascorbyl fatty acids. The minimum concentrations were observed in ascorbyl caprate and ascorbyl laurate. Ascorbyl caprate was the strongest ester with the minimum inhibitory concentration (1,25-5 nM). Among microorganisms tested,S. cerevisiae was more senseitive than others. The sensitivity of S. cerevisiae was depending on the strains and S.cerevisiae OUT7054 was the most sensitive strain to the ascorbyl caprate which was the sterilizing agent rather than microbiostic agent.The antimicrobial activity of ascorbyl caprate was infuenced remarkably by temperature and pH.The most effective conditbns for sierilizatin of yeast were higher temperature and low pH.

SELEKSIBIAK Aspergillus spp. PENGHASIL AMILASE UNTUK PEMBUATAN PROTEIN SEL TUNGGAL DARITEPUNG GANYONG (Canna edulis Kerr.)Screening of Aspergillus spp. Strains Producing Amylases To Be Used As Inoculant In Single Cell Protein Production From Ganyong (Canna edulis Kerr.) Starch Naiola, Elidar
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Two strains of fungi were used as innculant to produce Single Cell Protein (SCP) using the ganyong (Canna edulis Kerr.)starch as carbohydrate sources. Those two strains were Aspereillus nieer and A.clavatus identified as amylolytic fungi wich produce hight clear zone to colony diameter ratio in medium containing soluble starch with Iodium test.At the suitable interval time (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours) the dry cell weight or biomass, pH and reducing sugar concentration in the medium containing ganyong starch was determined.It was found that maximum amount of reducing sugar concentration was hisher in A. clavatus (8.5 e/l) compared to A. nieer (4,5 g/l), were produced after 24 hours.The maximum amount of biomass produced by A. nieer was 8,5 g/l after 48 hr, while by A clavatus was 7,25g/l after 96 hr.

PEMBUATAN STARTER UNTUK EKSTRAKSI MINYAK KELAPA MURNI MENGGUNAKAN MIKROBA AMILOLITIK Naiola, Elidar
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The thirteen isolates of amylolitic microbes had been tested their ability to extract the oil from " coconut milk" and nine of them could break the emulsion and separated the oil from the water and protein. The aim of this study was to find a starter that can be used for producing the coconut oil by using molase and "gula aer" gewang (Corypha utan Lamk.) palm sugar as the substrates.The result suggest that by using the isolates (ferm. 1 and ferm.2), "gula aer"gewang can be used as a substrate without supplemented by organic nitrogen. The starter prepared with isolate ferm. 1 containing cells of microbe about 10.2 x 10 cell/ml and prepared with ferm.2 about 9.0 - 10.2 x 10 cell/ml. After 4 weeks the amount of the cells decreased to 0.98 x 10 cell/ml and 0.90 x 10cell/ml, respectively, The amount of microbes were stable until 12 weeks.The starter conducted the fermentation processes at 40Â°C for 16 hours and produced the coconut oil. The extracted oil content about 85% saturated fatty acids and 42% of them was lauric acid. Another chemical component of the extracted oil were Iodine numbers, peroxide numbers and free fatty acid (FFA), they were 5.98%, 2.51 Meq/kg and 0.41%, respectively.

FERMENTASI KECAP DARI BEBERAPA JENIS KACANG-KACANGAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN RAGI MUTAN Aspergillus sp. K-1 DAN Aspergillus sp. K-1A Naiola, Elidar; Soeka, Yati Soedaryati
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v8i5.1901

This study was focused on the selection of type of beans for kecap production. The mold fermentation or kecap koji making process was conducted in small scale at room temperature for 3 days and the brine fermentation for 2 weeks at room temperature.Product were analyzed for biochemical (total nitrogen, formol nitrogen, and total water soluble nitrogen) content. It was found that the final composision of kecap mash were mainly due to brain fermentation and by activities of strains showed varies effect to total nitrogen (TN), formol nitrogen (FN), and total water soluble nitrogen (WN).Kecap mash produced using kedelai, hiris and tolo inoculated with Aspergillus sp. K-1 containing formol nitrogen 0.58%, 0.65% and 0.57%, respectively.Meanwhile using Aspergillus sp. K-1A producing kecap mash with formol nitrogen were 0.75%, 0.75%, 0.65%, respectly. The ratio of WN to TN of the kecap mash from hiris and tolo were up to 50%, while the ratio of FN to TN varies, which was influenced by the koji used.Based on the chemical properties above, it can be recommended that hiris can be used for kecap production though requires extensive researches.

AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA FLAVONOID - GLIKOSIDA HASIL SINTESIS SECARA TRANSGLIKOSILASI ENZIMATIK Soeka, Yati Sudaryati; Naiola, Elidar; Sulistyo, Joko
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 6 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Flavonoid-glycoside was synthesized enzymatically using CGT-ase (EC.2.4.1.19) of indigenous Bacillus licheniformis in a phosphate buffer pH 6.0 at 45Â°C for 24 h, through transglycosylation reaction in the present of flavonoid those were extracted from rhizomes such as ginger, flngerroot, turmeric, white turmeric and white curcuma as natural acceptors, and commercial rice,cassava, corn and wheat flour as substrates.The result showed that CGT-ase of B. licheniformis transferred a glycosyl moiety in a bilayer enzymatic reaction system of n-hexanol and phosphate buffer yielding glycosides as transfer products in the present of wheat flour as substrate and white curcuma extract as its acceptor.An inhibitory effects of the synthesized flavonoid glycosides against microbial growth was furthermore examined. It was found that flavonoid-glycoside, as the transfer product, exhibited high antimicrobial activity at MIC 200 ppm on the growth of Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, however no effect when it was assayed on Candida tropicalis, while arbutin and flavonoid-aglycon showed very low inhibitory activity on the growth of two out of four tested microbial strains.

KHARAKTERISASI ENZIM KASAR GLUKOAMILASE DARI Saccharomycopsis sp. Naiola, Elidar
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Saccharomycopsis sp. produced glucoamylase (a-1,4 glucanglucohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.3) shown by the presence of clear zone on media containing 0.2% yeast extract, 0.5% pepton, 0.3% KH2PO4, 0.05% MgSO4. 7H2O, 0.01% CaClr2H2O, 2% agar and 2% soluble starch. In liquid media containing soluble starch glucoamylase production reached a maximum at 2 days fermentation, with levels of 4.2 x 10 U/ml (one unit activity is define as micromoles of glucose produce per ml per minute).Studies on the glucoamylase characterization revealed that the optimum temperature for activity was 40Â°C - 50Â°C. The enzyme was stable for lh at 45"C - 55Â°C, while at 60Â°C to 65Â°C, 40% of the original activities were lost. The optimum pH of the enzyme was 6.0. After incubation of crude enzyme solution for 1 h at pH 8.0, a decrease of about 40% of its original activity was observed. Saccharomycopsis sp. produced high glucoamylase when it was grown in media containing rice flour as carbon source with the glucoamylase activity at 9,28 x 10 U/ml.

KARAKTERISASI DAN OPTIMASI MEDIA PRODUKSIAMILASE , DARI Aspergilus niger DAN Aspergilus clavatus Naiola, Elidar
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 6, No 3 (2002)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v6i3.1213

Six fungi isolates belong to Aspergillus spp were isolated from various samples and their ability to produce amylase has been tested. It was founded that all isolate shown the amylolytic activities which shown the clear zone areas after pouring with iodium solution. Two isolates which name Aspergillus niger (ISO 482) dan A. clavatus (ISO 468) to be the most active compare to another. The amylase activity of two isolate was studied in media contain rice and rice brain as a carbohydrate sources. Based on lower cost and easy to reach rice brain (local waste agriculture product) were choose as the alternative media to produce enzyme amylase from Aspergillus niger (ISO 482). The activities 2 of enzyme obtain was 54,14 x 10 Â U/ml (one unit activity is define as micromoles of glucose produce per ml per minute). The optimiation was done at room temperature for 7 days. The result showed the activity of enzyme increase during the fermentation process, at the first 2 2 day activity was 18,77 x 10 U/ml and reached the maximum activity (91,64 x 10 U/ml) after 3 days. The optimum temperature for enzyme reaction was 40 - 50 Â°C, optimum pH was (pH 5.0 - 7.0) and enzyme was relatively stable under such conditions.

ISOLASI, SELEKSI DAN OPTTMASI PRODUKSI PROTEASE DARIBEBERAPAISOLAT BAKTERI Naiola, Elidar; Widhyastuti, Nunuk
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 6, No 3 (2002)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Thirty-seven out of sixty-one bacterial isolates from various sources of samples were screened for protease production. The isolate of ISO PL3 could produce the highest enzyme activity, and it was used as a standard bacterial strain in this observation. For any reason,we implemented ISO PL2 to study the optimum condition for producing bacterial protease. Result shows that the maximum protease activity was obtained in a medium containing 100 gram of rice brand in a liter tofu liquid waste. The optimum for incubation was 4- 6 days (agitation of 130 rpm at room temperature) and pH 5.0 - 6.0. After cultivating on this liquid medium, the maximum protease activity of the 2 ISO PL3 was 113,52 x 10 U/ml. From the studies on morphological and physiological characterization, it was indicated that ISO PL3 resemble with the species Bacillus macerans.

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