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Naiola, BP
Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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FISIOLOGI BUI DORMAN GEWANG (Corypha Man Lamarck) Naiola, BP
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 6 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v8i6.836

Abstract

Gewang (Corypha utan Lamarck), a wild or semi-wild palm species distribute widely in Nusa Tenggara savanna with great potential(as building materials, drink and food), as traditionally have been exploited and utilized by local villagers for ages.To increase her potential should be promoted by plant domestication applied as on farm model such as agroforestry and social forestry. Seedlings availability is one of the basic need when comes to plant domestication. The only possibility of propagation in gewang is by generative phase (seeds). On the other hand, gewang seeds are known as orthodox, with low percentage of germination. This study shows that mature gewang seeds dropped under the mother trees are highly protected by tight tissues of endocarp and endosperm. Although the mature seeds in the nature seems ready to germinate, however there should be a dimensional balance (chemical, physical and physiological) or synchronization among components (endocarp/testa, endosperm and embryo) as a driving force to promote germination.In nature, the attainment of this synchronization/ dimensional balance of gewang seeds, are driven by external (both biotic and abiotic) factors as well such as fungi and climatic fluctuations. While artificial treatments like scarification, soaking, heating and acid are to accelerate the dimensional balance. Low embryo content per 100 seeds also responsible for low seed germination. It is suggested that low embryo content may be due to interactions among factors like low fertility of pollen grains, time incompatibility between gynoecium (stigma) and androecium (pollen grains) during pollen shed process and ineffectiveness of pollination due to great number of flowers.
BIOLOGI BIJI GEWANG {Corypha utan Lamarck): KERAGAMAN KANDUNGAN EMBRIO, KIMIA DAN PERANAN MIKROBA DALAM PROSES PERKECAMBAHAN BIJI Naiola, BP; Nurhidayaf, N
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 6 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i6.855

Abstract

A laboratory study in 2007 on seed physiology of gewang/talipot palm {Corypha utan Lamarck) - by splitting down the seeds by liquid nitrogen technique, revealed that not all seeds - only 20% - bearing mature embryos. Those embryos are highly protected by robust endocarp and endosperm. A further study was done to reconfirm the previous result, found that seed bearing embryo from 3 different ecotypes of gewang in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) shows a relatively high diversity in seed bearing embryo originated from different ecotypes, ranging from 16 to 57%. Embryolessness seeds is assumed as due to the antagonistic interaction between GA, (gibberellic acid) and ABA (abscisic acid) during embryogenesis. Chemical content of seeds also shows relatively high in carbohaydrate and protein, while lipids were relatively low. Microbes identified as Fusarium and Bacillus was found in the surface of endocarp; Fusarium shows a more capability to decompose the endocarp of gewang seeds, thus allowed imbibition process, which lead to seed germination. Although Fusarium known as a soil borne disease for plants, their roles in endocarp/testa decomposition is important and needed by gewang to proceed seed germination. While the coming seedling of gewang may develop probably an internal resistance against Fusarium.
EKOLOGI DAN PERSEBARAN GEWANG (Corypha utan Lamk.) DI SAVANA TIMOR, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Partomihardjo, Tukirin; Naiola, BP
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1251.704 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/bb.v9i5.2002

Abstract

A study of the distribution and ecology of Corypha utan Lamk. (gewang) within the natural habitat of savana ecosystem at Usapisonbai village area, Kecamatan Nekamese, Kabupaten/Regency Kupang, East Lesser Sunda Islands was conducted to gain an understanding factors controlling distribution and dynamics populations of the species. Three plots with total of 2.1 ha were established at different sites. Reconnaissence throughout the study area revealed that gewang grows in the lowlands below 200 m altitude, but away from the immmediate vicinity of the sea. Populations were studied within different savana types. It was concluded that gewang appears to be relatively associated to the open areas. The abundance of gewang within the study area formed the main savana vegetation as savanna gewang type. Distribution pattern of gewang within the study area tend to be concentrated at the lower part of the plots in particular at relatively flat areas. Examination of seedling and sapling densities in relation to parent trees revealed a large number of propagules fallings to disperse, and in consequence tendencies toward dumb distributions. The seedlings tend to grow under dead parent tree and or at flat of lower areas. Based on the population structure, gewang revealed has good regeneration strategy with high population of younger stages.
STATUS HARA DIHUTAN GEWANG (Corypha utan Lamk.), DESA USAPISONBAI, KUPANG, NUSATENGGARA TIMUR Alhamd, Laode; Partomihardjo, T; Naiola, BP
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/bb.v9i5.2000

Abstract

Gewang or Corypha utan Lamk. is tree that support the daily need in Usapisonbai village, Nekamese District, Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur The nutrient content of the tree is important to be observed, since the tree is crucial to be sustainable.Three permanent plots were established and random sampling was conducted. The results showed that characteristics of soil are clay in texture, somewhat alkaline, mid in C/N ratio, and high CEC (cation exchange capacity) for calcium, magnesium dan potassium.Nutrient contents of soil were 0.15, 0.002, 0.04, 1.16 and 0.04%, respectively, for N, P, K, Ca and Mg. Litter contribution was dominated by leaves (7.73 t ha-), and other parts reached 6.7 t ha , with their nutrient content of N (0.72), P (0.09), K (0.18),Ca (2.S4) and Mg (0.27%). The significant, differences of nitrogen between nutrient contents and between total nutrient contents through litters (P < 0.05) were found. The nutrient contents of tree are 0.57 N, 0.4, P, 0.75 K, 0.77 Ca and 0.18% Mg. The increase of the tree nutrient could be done by utilizing organic matter or by planting tree species that can increase soil fertility and survive in savanna.
KEBIJAKAN DAN POLA KONSERVASI CENDANA PADA MASA MENDATANG DI PROPINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Wawo, Albert H; Naiola, BP; Syarif, Fauzia
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 5 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (313.932 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i5.1472

Abstract

Cendana (Santalum album L.) adalah tumbuhan yang memiliki potensi ekonomi tinggi karena penggunaannya di berbagai bidang seperti bahan kosraetika, obat-obatan, kayu ukiran dan bahan kerajinan rumah tangga (home industry). Oleh karena potensinya yang tinggi itu maka eksploitasi dari habitat aslinya dilakukan secara terus-menerus tanpa memperhatikan upaya konservasinya, sehingga populasi cendana dalam habitat aslinya telah sampai pada kondisi yang memprihatinkan. Cendana merupakan salah satu komoditi unggulan di propinsi NTT yang mampu memberikan andil sebesar 22,08% untuk pendapatan asli daerah (PAD). Dalam rangka Otonomisasi Daerah sesuai dengan UU Nomor 22 tahun 1999 maka perhatian khusus untuk konservasi dan pengembangan cendana adalah salah satu prioritas yang tidak dapat dielakkan oleh masyarakat dan PEMDA NTT. Model agroforestry cendana merupakan salah satu pola konservasi dan pengembangan cendana di masa mendatang dengan melibatkan masyarakat lokal untuk menanam cendana di ladang atau tegalannya. Dengan menerapkan pola ini dalam periode jangka panjang (lebih dari 20 tahun) ke depan masyarakat secara berangsur-angsur mengurangi tekanan terhadap pengambilan cendana dari habitat aslinya di alammkarena cendana telah dapat dipanen dari ladang dan tegalannya. Tulisan ini akan membahas pula penyebab kegagalan konservasi cendana, dan beberapa pemikiran tentang kebijakan dasar untuk konservasi cendana pada masa mendatang.
Co-Authors Alhamd, Laode Fauzia Syarif Nurhidayaf, N T Partomihardjo Tukirin Partomihardjo Wawo, Albert H