Jonathan, Andreas
IAIN Surakarta

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Religious Identity and National Conflict in the 20th Century Indonesia Jonathan, Andreas
DINIKA : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 2, No 3 (2017): Inter-Religious Dialogue in the Local Context
Publisher : IAIN Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/dinika.v2i3.155

Abstract

This study attempts to discuss on how religious identities contribute to or was in conflict with the emerging national identities, with focusing issue on the struggle of Islam in its relation to Indonesian identity as a multi-religious nation and Pancasila state. Based on the critical analysis from the various literature, the result of the study showed that Islam did both contribute and was in conflict with the Indonesian national identity. The Islamist fights for the Islamic state, the nationalist defends Pancasila state. As long as Islam is the majority in Indonesia and as long as there is diversity in Islam, especially in the interpretation of Islam and the state, Indonesian national identity will always be in conflict between Pancasila state and Islamic state. Even though, the role of religion in society and nation change is very significant. The Islamist is always there, although it is not always permanent in certain organizations. In the past, NU and Muhammadiyah were considered as Islamist, but today they are nationalist. At the same time, new Islamist organizations and parties emerge to continue their Islamist spirit. Keywords: Islam, Religious identity, Pancasila, 
Decreased Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Coinfection After Treatment with Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir Jonathan, Andreas; Wisaksana, Rudi; Agustanti, Nenny
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 20, No 2 (2019): VOLUME 20, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2019
Publisher : The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (530.097 KB) | DOI: 10.24871/202201987-95

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection increases the progression of liver fibrosis to advanced liver disease and death. The aim of this study is to determine whether the changes of liver fibrosis occur in HCV/HIV coinfection patients after therapy with Sofosbuvir/daclatasvir.Method: This study used a quasi-experimental study design without a control group. The study subjects were HCV / HIV coinfection patients who received Sofosbuvir / daclatasvir therapy in the Gastroentero-Hepatology Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital. In this study measurement of liver fibrosis was carried out by using AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4) before therapy and when SVR-24 was achieved.Results: The study involved 29 subjects. Most of the research subjects were men, with an average age of 40.38 years (SD 3.48). From the results of this study, we found a decrease in APRI scores and FIB-4 index when HCV / HIV coinfection patients, that were treated with Sofosbuvir / Daclatasvir, achieved SVR 24. The median of APRI scores before therapy and after SVR-24 was decreased from 0.41 to 0.28 (95% CI: 0.01 - 0.23, p-value 0,01) and the median of FIB-4 Index before therapy and after the SVR 24 was decreased from 0.94 to 0.81 (95% CI: -0, 04 - 0.35, p-value 0.28).Conclusion: This study concluded that therapy using Sofosbuvir / Daclatasvir in HCV / HIV coinfected patients has very good effectiveness and can reduce liver fibrosis.