Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik
Vol 7, No 1 (2017)

Pengaruh Sifat Mekanik dan Morfologi pada Baja Laterit Hasil Tempa dengan Variasi Perlakuan Panas

Satrio Herbirowo (Unknown)
Bintang Adjiantoro (Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material-LIPI)



Article Info

Publish Date
28 Jul 2017

Abstract

Lateritic steel is a steel based of nickel laterite ore. Nickel laterite ore is usually ignored by miners due to economical factors and more looking for a nickel that under limonite layers. The purpose of this research is to determine the characteristics of the laterite steels with forging process and the heat treatment variation to its mechanical and morphological properties. The starting materials of lateritic cast steel with FeMn and FeMo based alloys by ARMOX 500T standardization. Hot forging process at recrystallization temperature of 1100 °C and loads 100 tons with variations of heat treatment such as oil quench; martempering temperature 100; 200; 300; and 400 °C. Then characterized of chemical composition test, tensile testing, hardness, and morphology of microstructure using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The characterization test results showed that the highest hardness value and highest tensile strength value in the quench oil heat treatment were 520.8 HV and 1521 N / mm2. The morphological observations of microstructure showed that the phase transformation of the ferrite-perlite into martensite (quench oil) and bainite (martempering) and failure analysis results in non-HT samples showed grain boundary fractures and confirmed ductile behaviour with dimple fracture, for oil quench has a brittle fracture and initiation failure with a large cleavage-shaped size. The martempering treatment has smaller grain size, solid and smooth. Fractures tend to be more ductile than non-HT samples, and fine dimple shaped and are predicted to have the highest toughness properties. Baja laterit merupakan baja berbahan dasar bijih nikel laterit. Bijih nikel laterit biasa diabaikan penambang karena faktor ekonomis dan lebih mencari nikel yang berada dibawah lapisan limonit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik baja laterit dengan proses tempa dan variasi perlakuan panas terhadap sifat mekanik dan morfologinya. Bahan awal baja laterit hasil cor perpaduan FeMn dan FeMo mengacu standar baja ARMOX 500T, selanjutnya mengalami proses tempa panas pada suhu rekristalisasi 1100 °C dan pembebanan 100 ton dengan beberapa variasi perlakuan panas antara lain quench media oli; martempering suhu 100; 200; 300; dan 400 °C. Karakterisasinya meliputi uji komposisi kimia, pengujian tarik, kekerasan, dan morfologi struktur mikro menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kekerasan tertinggi dan nilai kekuatan tarik tertinggi pada perlakuan panas quench oli adalah 520,8 HV dan 1521 N/mm2. Hasil pengamatan morfologi struktur mikro menunjukkan bahwa terjadi transformasi fasa dari ferit-perlit menjadi martensit (quench oli) dan bainit (martempering) serta hasil analisis patahan pada sampel non-HT menunjukkan patahan batas butir dan cenderung bersifat ulet dengan bentuk patahan dimple, untuk sampel quench oli memiliki patahan getas dan inisiasi patahan dengan ukuran besar berbentuk cleavage. Perlakuan martempering memiliki ukuran butir lebih kecil, padat dan halus. Bentuk patahan cenderung lebih ulet dibandingkan sampel non-HT, dan berbentuk dimple halus serta diprediksi memiliki sifat ketangguhan paling tinggi.

Copyrights © 2017






Journal Info

Abbrev

JTBBT

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Description

Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik is a peer-reviewed and open access scientific journal. This journal is published by Center for Material and Technical Product (B4T) since 2011. Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik is published twice a year, in June and December. Jurnal Teknologi Bahan ...