Warta IHP (Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian)
Vol 36, No 2 (2019)

Sintesis Coco-Biodiesel Dari Minyak Kelapa Mentah (Crude Coconut Oil) Menggunakan Static Mixer

Dr. Ir. Rizal Alamsyah, M.Sc (Center for Agro Based Industry (Balai Besar Industri Agro))



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Dec 2019

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Pengolahan kelapa menjadi produk turunannya mutlak dilakukan karena akan meningkatkan nilai tambah kelapa sehingga pelaku industri kelapa akan lebih tertarik karena memperoleh margin keuntungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengolah minyak kelapa mentah yang diperoleh hasil pengempaan kopra menjadi coco-biodiesel menggunakan reaktor static mixer. Pengolahan coco-biodiesel dilakukan dengan reaksi transesterifikasi dengan cara mereaksikan trigliserida (TG) dari minyak kelapa mentah dan metanol dengan variasi rasio molar 1 : 10,5, 1 : 5,5, dan 1 : 4. Proses dilakukan dalam skala pilot 16 liter pada suhu 65 oC dan kecepatan aliran 1,25 m/detik (pada static mixer) serta menggunakan metanol 98% dan katalis KOH 1 %. Kondisi optimum sintesis TG menjadi asam lemak metil ester (coco-biodiesel) untuk menghasilkan kandungan 96,5 % (persyaratan) diperoleh pada rasio molar 1 : 5,5. Bilangan asam, gliserol total, gliserol bebas, densitas, viskositas, dan bilangan Iod dari coco-biodiesel yang dihasilkan masing masing adalah < 0,5, 0,1%, 0,02%, 855 kg/m3, 3,6 cSt, 120 g Iod/100 g. Nilai-nilai tersebut memenuhi standar biodiesel SNI 04-7182-2006.Kata Kunci: Minyak kelapa mentah, transesterifikasi, static mixer, coco-biodiesel, rasio molarABSTRACT: Processing coconut into derivative products is absolutely necessary because it will increase the added value of coconut so that the coconut industry players will be more interested in obtaining profit margins. This study aims to process crude coconut oil obtained by pressing copra into coco-biodiesel using a static mixer reactor. Processing of coco-biodiesel is done by transesterification reaction by reacting triglycerides (TG) from crude coconut oil and methanol with variations in the molar ratios of 1: 10.5, 1: 5.5, and 1: 4. The process is carried out on a pilot scale of 16 liters temperature of 65 oC and flow rate of 1.25 m / sec (in static mixer) and using 98% methanol and 1% KOH catalyst. The optimum condition of TG synthesis into fatty acid methyl esters (coco-biodiesel) to produce a 96.5% content (requirement) was obtained at a molar ratio of 1: 5.5. Acid numbers, total glycerol, free glycerol, density, viscosity, and Iodine number of coco-biodiesel produced were <0.5, 0.1%, 0.02%, 855 kg / m3, 3.6 cSt, respectively. 120 g Iod / 100 g. The values of these parameters meet the SNI 04-7182-2006 biodiesel standards. Keywords: coconut crude oil, transesterification, static mixer, coco-biodiesel, molar ratio

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ihp

Publisher

Subject

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

Description

Warta IHP (Industri Hasil Pertanian) is a Scientific Journal which is sourced from research papers, new theoretical/interpretive findings, and critical studies or reviews (by invitation) in the agro-based industry scope that cover any discipline such as: food science and technology, agricultural ...